BSH Home Appliances (United States)

The resource‐based view () is one of the most influential perspectives in the organizational sciences. Although entrepreneurship researchers are increasingly leveraging the tenets, it emerged in strategic management. Despite some important similarities between entrepreneurship and strategic management, there are also important differences, raising questions as to whether and to what extent the needs to be adapted for the entrepreneurship field. As a first step toward answering these questions, this study focuses on resources as the fundamental building block of the and presents a content‐analytical comparison of researchers' and practicing entrepreneurs' resource conceptualizations to derive similarities and differences between established theory and entrepreneurial practice. We find that although the two conceptualizations exhibit some overlap, there are also important differences in the emphasis on different dimensions of resources and ownership requirements, as well as in the understanding of how those resources shape outcomes. These results suggest important contextual conditions when applying the RBV's tenets within the field of entrepreneurship.

Multiple-burner induction-heating cooking appliances are suitable for using multiple-output inverters. Some common approaches use several single-output inverters or a single-output inverter multiplexing the loads along the time periodically. By specifying a two-output series-resonant high-frequency inverter, a new inverter is obtained fulfilling the requirements. The synthesized converter can be considered as a two-output extension of a full-bridge topology. It allows the control of the two outputs, simultaneously and independently, up to their rated powers saving component count compared with the two-converter solution and providing a higher utilization of electronics. To verify theoretical predictions, the proposed converter is designed and tested experimentally in an induction-heating appliance prototype. A fixed-frequency control strategy is digitally implemented with good final performances for the application, including ZVS operation for active devices and a quick heating function. Although the work is focused on low-power induction heating, it can be probably useful for other power electronic applications.

A noncontact charging system using a resonant converter is presented in this paper, where the power transfer ability of a detachable transformer is improved by using a parallel capacitor connected to the secondary coil. A method to get the optimum value of the capacitance which would maximize the charging current is described. A method of application to the practical circuit such as a voltage resonant converter is also described.

Abstract A proof‐of‐concept experiment was devised to determine if pharmaceuticals and other organic waste water compounds (OWCs), as well as pathogens, found in treated effluent could be transported through a 2.4 m soil column and, thus, potentially reach ground water under recharge conditions similar to those in arid or semiarid climates. Treated effluent was applied at the top of the 2.4 m long, 32.5 cm diameter soil column over 23 days. Samples of the column inflow were collected from the effluent storage tank at the beginning (T begin ) and end (T end ) of the experiment, and a sample of the soil column drainage at the base of the column (B end ) was collected at the end of the experiment. Samples were analyzed for 131 OWCs including veterinary and human antibiotics, other prescription and nonprescription drugs, widely used household and industrial chemicals, and steroids and reproductive hormones, as well as the pathogens Salmonella and Legionella. Analytical results for the two effluent samples taken at the beginning (T begin ) and end (T end ) of the experiment indicate that the number of OWCs detected in the column inflow decreased by 25% (eight compounds) and the total concentration of OWCs decreased by 46% while the effluent was in the storage tank during the 23‐day experiment. After percolating through the soil column, an additional 18 compounds detected in T end (67% of OWCs) were no longer detected in the effluent (B end ) and the total concentration of OWCs decreased by more than 70%. These compounds may have been subject to transformation (biotic and abiotic), adsorption, and (or) volatilization in the storage tank and during travel through the soil column. Eight compounds—carbamazapine; sulfamethoxazole; benzophenone; 5‐methyl‐1H‐benzotriazole; N, N‐diethyltoluamide; tributylphosphate; tri(2‐chloroethyl) phosphate; and cholesterol—were detected in all three samples indicating they have the potential to reach ground water under recharge conditions similar to those in arid and semiarid climates. Results from real‐time polymerase chain reactions demonstrated the presence of Legionella in all three samples. Salmonella was detected only in T begin , suggesting that the bacteria died off in the effluent storage tank over the period of the experiment. This proof‐of‐concept experiment demonstrates that, under recharge conditions similar to those in arid or semiarid climates, some pharmaceuticals, pathogens, and other OWCs can persist in treated effluent after soil‐aquifer treatment.

This paper analyses the impact of Medicaid home care benefits on the probability of nursing home entry and the use of formal and informal home care by disabled elderly remaining in the community. Using data from the National Long‐Term Care Survey, I find evidence that Medicaid home care subsidies reduced the probability of nursing home entry among at‐risk elderly using formal home care. Among non‐in‐stitutionalized persons, the subsidy increased the use of formal home care but led to substitution of informal with formal care for services that were non‐medical in nature.

RATIONALE: Differential effects of δ(B) and δ(C) subtypes of Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) on cardiomyocyte Ca²⁺ handling and survival have been suggested to result from their respective nuclear versus cytosolic localizations. CaMKIIδ subtype localization and its relationship to enzyme activation and target phosphorylation have not, however, been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether CaMKIIδ subtypes are restricted to a particular subcellular location and assess the relationship of localization to enzyme activation and function. METHODS AND RESULTS: CaMKIIδ is highly expressed in mouse heart and cardiomyocytes and concentrated in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)/membrane and nuclear fractions. CaMKIIδ(B) and δ(C) subtypes differ by a nuclear localization sequence, but both are present in nuclear and SR/membrane fractions. Nonselective subtype distribution is also seen in mice overexpressing CaMKIIδ(B) or δ(C), even in a CaMKIIδ null background. Fluorescently tagged CaMKIIδ(B) expressed in cardiomyocytes concentrates in nuclei whereas δ(C) concentrates in cytosol, but neither localization is exclusive. Mouse hearts exposed to phenylephrine show selective CaMKIIδ activation in the nuclear (versus SR) compartment, whereas caffeine selectively activates CaMKIIδ in SR (versus nuclei), independent of subtype. Compartmentalized activation extends to functional differences in target phosphorylation at CaMKII sites: phenylephrine increases histone deacetylase 5 phosphorylation (Ser498) but not phospholamban (Thr17), whereas the converse holds for caffeine. CONCLUSIONS: These studies demonstrate that CaMKIIδ(B) and δ(C) are not exclusively restricted to the nucleus and cytosol and that spatial and functional specificity in CaMKIIδ activation is elicited by mobilization of different Ca²⁺ stores rather than by compartmentalized subtype localization.

Usually domestic induction appliances heat ferromagnetic pans. This technology is well known and it is successfully applied by many manufacturers. However, there are a number of non-ferromagnetic pans (made of aluminium, copper, copper-nickel or stainless steel) that cannot be properly heated by this technology. This study presents a modified half-bridge series resonant inverter topology that can be used to heat ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic pans by means of a selective harmonic operation technique. The proposed inverter topology has two topological configurations with two operation modes: the first-harmonic operation mode and the third-harmonic operation mode. These two operation modes and the design of the principal parts of the inverter are presented in this study. Experimental results obtained with a prototype are also presented. The performance of the proposed resonant inverter topology with ferromagnetic pans is satisfactory and with non-ferromagnetic pans is acceptable.

Considers the interaction between customer and provider in professional service encounters, where extended person‐to‐person discussions frequently take place. Describes an experiment in which subjects read and reacted to stories describing such encounters, which included three service variables – competency, outcome and courtesy. Reports on the emotional responses of the subjects, finding that courtesy was responsible for most of the variation in response. Discusses the managerial implications resulting from the study, notably the importance of courtesy in professional service encounters.

The unique fingerprint spectra of volatile organic compounds for breath analysis and toxic industrial chemicals make an mm-wave (mmW)/THz gas sensor very specific and sensitive. This paper reviews and updates results of our recent work on sensor systems for gas spectroscopy based on integrated transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX), which are developed and fabricated in IHP's 0.13 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology. In this paper, we present an mmW/THz spectroscopic system including a folded gas absorption cell of 1.9 m length between the TX and RX modules. We discuss the results and specifications of our sensor system based on integrated TX and RX. We demonstrate TXs and RXs with integrated antennas for spectroscopy at 238-252 GHz and 494-500 GHz using integer-N phase-locked loops (PLLs). We present a compact system by using fractional-N PLLs allowing frequency ramps for the TX and RX, and for TX with superimposed frequency shift keying or reference frequency modulation. In another configuration, the voltage controlled oscillators of the TX and RX local oscillator are tuned directly without PLLs by applying external voltages. Further developments of our system are aimed at realizing an even wider frequency span by switching between frequency bands, and to use a more compact gas absorption cell.

The memory effect in TBAB semiclathrate hydrate reformation results from the residual solution structure composed of clusters and cluster aggregates.

Abstract High‐strength landfill leachates and industrial wastes can be successfully renovated using a reverse osmosis process system subsequent to pretreatment.

Solar energy system is currently used in Gaza Strip as a replacement source or complementary source to the traditional source of energy. However, using solar energy is happening without any planning or clear vision. Gaza Strip is supplied by electricity from three main sources: Egypt, Israel, and local electricity plant in GazaStrip. However, most of the time, one or two or sometimes the three sources are cut due to the po-litical situation keeping Gaza Strip under darkness most of the time.This work aims to study the use of solar energy as an alternative to conven-tional energy in Gaza Strip: Questionnaire based study. The study has been implemented on local institutions(governmental, private and public) in Gaza Strip. To verify its aim, the authors distributed a questionnaire to a sample comprised 13 institutions where 53.8% of the sample are public institutions, 23.1% are government institutions and 23.1% are private in-stitutions.The institutions in the sample do not use solar energy as a full replacement. The researchers analyzed the collected data using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), which include descriptive statistics (the percentage, the mean, the standard deviation and weighted arithmetic mean); Pearson correlation coefficient; Cronbach's Alpha coefficient; Spearman-BrownSpilt Half; and One Samples t test. Results indicate that the local institutions chose to use solar energy due to the fact the system is environmentally safe and it is available in the market. Moreover, results show that the institutions prefer to use solar energy re-gardless to the price. This might be explained by the fact that solar sys-tems are the safest replacement to the current systems.Results also did not depend on the institutions’ attributes (institution type, the year at which the institution started using solar energy, the ratio of relying on solar power as an energy source). We recommend to use solar energy system to help overcome the current problem of electricity shortage and to extend the study to include other sectors in the local society. يستخدم نظام الطاقة الشمسية حاليا في قطاع غزة كمصدر بديل أو مصدر تكميلي لمصدر الطاقة التقليدي. يتم تزويد قطاع غزة بالكهرباء من ثلاثة مصادر رئيسية هي: مصر وإسرائيل ومحطة الكهرباء المحلية في غزة. ومع ذلك، معظم الوقت، واحد أو اثنين أو في بعض الأحيان يتم قطع المصادر الثلاثة بسبب الوضع السياسي في قطاع غزة. مما أدى إلى إبقاء قطاع غزة تحت الظلام في معظم الأوقات. ومع ذلك، استخدام الطاقة الشمسية كبديل أو تكميلية يحدث دون أي تخطيط أو رؤية واضحة. وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى دراسة مدى استخدام الطاقة الشمسية كبديل للطاقة التقليدية في قطاع غزة، وتم تنفيذ الدراسة على المؤسسات المحلية (الحكومية والخاصة والعامة) في قطاع غزة. ولتحقيق هدفها، قام المؤلفان بتوزيع استبيان على عينة مكونة من 13 مؤسسة حيث يشكل 53.8٪ من العينة مؤسسات عامة، و23.1٪ مؤسسات حكومية أو خاصة. المؤسسات في العينة لا تستخدم الطاقة الشمسية كبديل تام، وقد قام الباحثون بتحليل البيانات التي تم جمعها باستخدام حزمة الإحصاء للعلوم الاجتماعية (SPSS) باستخدام الإحصاء الوصفي (ما في ذلك: النسبة المئوية، الوسط، الانحراف المعياري والمتوسط الحسابي المرجح)، معامل ارتباط بيرسون، معامل كرونباخ ألفا، و سبيرمان-براون التقسيم النصفي؛ وعينات واحدة ت الاختبار. وتشير النتائج إلى أن المعاهد المحلية اختارت استخدام الطاقة الشمسية نظرا لأن النظام آمن بيئيا وأنه متوفر في السوق، وعلاوة على ذلك، تظهر النتائج أن المعاهد تفضل استخدام الطاقة الشمسية على الرغم من أنها قد تكون مكلفة نظرا لأن هذا يدل على نوعية النظام، بالإضافة إلى ذلك، أنها آمنة. كما أن النتائج لم تعتمد على المؤسسات التي يعزى إليها (نوع المعهد، والعام الذي بدأ فيه المؤسسة استخدام الطاقة الشمسية، ونسبة الاعتماد على الطاقة الشمسية كمصدر للطاقة) . نوصي باستخدام نظام الطاقة الشمسية للمساعدة في التغلب على مشكلة نقص الكهرباء الحالية وتوسيع الدراسة لتشمل قطاعات أخرى في المجتمع المحلي.

BACKGROUND: Although several researchers have analyzed the dental identity of patients experience with corrective methods using fixed and removable appliances, the consequences stay debatable. This meta-analysis intended to verify whether the periodontal status of removable appliances is similar to that of the conventional fixed appliances. METHODS: Relevant literature was retrieved from the database of Cochrane library, PubMed, EMBASE, and CNKI until December 2019, without time or language restrictions. Comparative clinical studies assessing periodontal conditions between removable appliances and fixed appliances were included for analysis. The data was analyzed using the Stata 12.0 software. RESULTS: A total of 13 articles involving 598 subjects were selected for this meta-analysis. We found that the plaque index (PLI) identity of the removable appliances group was significantly lower compared to the fixed appliances group at 3 months (OR = -0.57, 95% CI: -0.98 to -0.16, P = .006) and 6 months (OR = -1.10, 95% CI: -1.60 to -0.61, P = .000). The gingival index (GI) of the removable appliances group was lower at 6 months (OR = -1.14, 95% CI: -1.95 to -0.34, P = .005), but the difference was not statistically significant at 3 months (OR = -0.20, 95% CI: -0.50 to 0.10, P = .185) when compared with that of the fixed appliances group. The sulcus probing depth (SPD) of the removable appliances group was lower compared to the fixed appliances group at 3 months (OR = -0.26, 95% CI: -0.52 to -0.01, P = .047) and 6 months (OR = -0.42, 95% CI: -0.83 to -0.01, P = .045). The shape of the funnel plot was symmetrical, indicating no obvious publication bias in the Begg test (P = .174); the Egger test also indicated no obvious publication bias (P = .1). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis demonstrated that malocclusion patients treated with the removable appliances demonstrated a better periodontal status as compared with those treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. However, the analyses of more numbers of clinical trials are warranted to confirm this conclusion.

In this paper, a pan temperature control of induction hobs is described. The aim is that the user may select the cooking temperature instead of the power for the cooker. Pan temperature has to be estimated from a thermal sensor placed under the ceramic glass. Heat transmission from the induction coil to the pan and from the pan to the thermal sensor is modeled using a state-space model. As induction heating is highly dependent on thermal and magnetic pan properties, two different adaptive schemes are proposed and compared. Both guarantee a proper closed loop behavior. The contribution of this paper is related with temperature adaptive observer for different pans. The resultant system is simple, user friendly, robust, and safe, and is used for automatic cooking.

The development of semiconductor lasers and the application of materials such as garnets as the recording media have led to fast progress in optical storage technology. The ability of the new methods (for mode of information storage see figure) to compete with magnetic storage are discussed, new materials are assessed, and techniques such as direct overwrite through field or laser modulation are described. magnified image

In this paper, a precise real-time temperature control system based on infrared (IR) thermometry for domestic induction cooking is presented. The temperature in the vessel constitutes the control variable of the closed-loop power control system implemented in a commercial induction cooker. A proportional-integral controller is applied to establish the output power level in order to reach the target temperature. An optical system and a signal conditioning circuit have been implemented. For the signal processing a microprocessor with 12-bit ADC and a sampling rate of 1 Ksps has been used. The analysis of the contributions to the infrared radiation permits the definition of a procedure to estimate the temperature of the vessel with a maximum temperature error of 5 °C in the range between 60 and 250 °C for a known cookware emissivity. A simple and necessary calibration procedure with a black-body sample is presented.

In this paper we tackle the problem of persistent coverage, where a team of agents covers an area whose amount of coverage degrades with time. The task is never accomplished completely due to the coverage decay and the agents have to revisit the domain persistently. In this framework, our contribution is a novel approach which consists not only in developing efficient motion to perform the coverage, but also in covering the domain with a variable coverage action. The agents can adapt its coverage power to the coverage error of the actuator domain, being able to reduce the energy consumption and the coverage error. We propose a new controller for the coverage power and we demonstrate by means of simulations that it is more efficient and flexible than developing the coverage with constant power.

This article presents an alertness evaluation method being analyzed by the authors, and discusses its application. With the aim of quantifying the physiological activity of the living body, the alpha-attenuation test (AAT) for evaluation of alertness was assessed. AAT is a method of quantitatively determining alertness level from alpha-wave power spectra during eye closure and opening. 1. The potential for quantification of diurnal change of alertness by the use of the AAT is suggested. Also rated, are a performance evaluation method based on reaction time and target tracking error and a subjective feeling evaluation method using an analog scale on a computer display. Using these methods of evaluation, measurements were made in 9 healthy men and women at 2-hour intervals over the period from 09: 30 to 19: 30. The findings are summarized as follows: 1) Alertness lowered from 13: 30 to 15: 30, as rated by diurnal change determined by the AAT 2) The performance test and subjective feeling scoring revealed decreased target tracing ability and extended reaction time from 13: 30 to 15: 30, accompanied by reduced performance, increased sleepiness, and failure to achieve accurate, quick action. 2. The relation between the quality of rest and the alpha-attenuation coefficient (AAC), the quantitative index of the AAT, was rated. There were some statistical significances between the quality of rest and the AAC. These results suggest that the AAC is found applicable to the quantitative assessment of diurnal changes of physiological activity, and that the AAC is reflected in the quality of rest.

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>We study a sports scheduling problem with the objective of minimizing carry-over effects in round robin tournaments.In the first part, focusing on tournaments that allow minimum number of breaks (at most one) for each team, we formulate an integer programming model and provide an efficient heuristic algorithm to solve this computationally expensive problem. We apply the algorithm to the current Turkish Professional Football League and present an alternative scheduling template. In the second part, we discuss how the carry-over effects can be further decreased if the number of breaks is allowed to be of slightly larger value and numerically represent this trade-off.

Abstract An on‐site or in‐situ field pilot‐scale experiment demonstrates promising results for the treatment of aqueous hazardous wastes.