Capital Community College

This chapter will focus on the relationships among physiology, behavior, and ecology in the Asian colobine monkeys. Colobines are known for their specialized digestive physiology, including, especially, their unique sacculated stomach containing anaerobic cellulytic bacteria (Bauchop and Martucci, 1968). This physiological specialization allows them to extract nutrients from foliage more efficiently, but digestive efficiency via microbial fermentation has a cost: a slower rate of digestion. This, combined with a small size (when compared to other animals utilizing microbial symbionts), limits colobines' gross intake of food, and forces them to balance the quality and the quantity of food ingested. The costs and benefits of the colobine digestive system have a profound impact on social structure and ecology, underlying social relationships, home range size, population density, activity patterns, and intergroup interactions as well as diet. For example, the ability to digest low quality food may widen the resource base, directly affecting home range size and intergroup interactions.

Concomitant infection of murine CMV (MCMV), an opportunistic respiratory pathogen, altered Th1/Th2 cytokine expression, decreased bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid eosinophilia, and increased mucus production in a murine model of OVA-induced allergic airway disease. Although no change in the total number of leukocytes infiltrating the lung was observed between challenged and MCMV/challenged mice, the cellular profile differed dramatically. After 10 days of OVA-aerosol challenge, eosinophils comprised 64% of the total leukocyte population in BAL fluid from challenged mice compared with 11% in MCMV/challenged mice. Lymphocytes increased from 11% in challenged mice to 30% in MCMV/challenged mice, and this increase corresponded with an increase in the ratio of CD8(+) to CD4(+)TCRalphabeta lymphocytes. The decline in BAL fluid eosinophilia was associated with a change in local Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles. Enhanced levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 were detected in lung tissue from challenged mice by RNase protection assays. In contrast, MCMV/challenged mice transiently expressed elevated levels of IFN-gamma and IL-10 mRNAs, as well as decreased levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 mRNAs. Elevated levels of IFN-gamma and reduced levels of IL-5 were also demonstrated in BAL fluid from MCMV/challenged mice. Histological evaluation of lung sections revealed extensive mucus plugging and epithelial cell hypertrophy/hyperplasia only in MCMV/challenged mice. Interestingly, the development of airway hyperresponsiveness was observed in challenged mice, not MCMV/challenged mice. Thus, MCMV infection can modulate allergic airway inflammation, and these findings suggest that enhanced mucus production may occur independently of BAL fluid eosinophilia.

In an early review of Old World monkeys, Schultz (1970: 41) comments that "In most of their basic morphological characters … Old World monkeys are much more uniform than the other major groups of primates". On the other hand, cercopithecid subfamilies clearly evince divergent functional specializations of the skull. "Colobines apparently have optimized biteforce magnitudes at the expense of a reduction in jaw gape in order to masticate leaves more efficiently. An increase in jaw gape is … advantageous to more frugivorous and/or terrestrial primates since they eat large food objects, which require extensive incisal preparation, and/or because of canine displays or canine slashing" (Hylander, 1979b:229).

Many African Americans experience low‐grade depression, referred to as dysthymia in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; American Psychiatric Association, 2000). After more than 250 years of enslavement, prejudice, and discrimination, dysthymia is reflected in chronic low‐grade sadness, anger, hostility, aggression, self‐hatred, hopelessness, and self‐destructive behaviors. To avoid misdiagnosis, counselors need to understand how cultural factors can elicit a collective psychological condition in an oppressed group. Muchos Afroamericanos experimentan depresión leve, llamada distimia en el Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4a ed., texto rev.; American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Después de más de 250 años de esclavitud, prejuicio y discriminación, la distimia se refleja como tristeza crónica leve, ira, hostilidad, agresividad, odio a uno mismo, desesperanza y comportamientos autodestructivos. Para evitar un diagnóstico erróneo, los consejeros deben comprender cómo los factores culturales pueden acarrear una condición psicológica colectiva en un grupo oprimido.

Aronson, Barbara S. MSN, RN, CS, APRN; Rosa, Julia M. MSN, RN; Anfinson, Joanne PhD, RN, CS; Light, Nada MN, RN Author Information

The major catarrhine radiation documented in the early Miocene of Africa produced a variety of intriguing primate forms, including the earliest known members of the Cercopithecoidea. In terms of taxonomic and ecological diversity, Old World monkeys (OWM) are the most successful group of anthropoid primates, and currently occupy a variety of broad ecological zones and more specific habitat types throughout Asia, Africa, and, until recently, Europe. In examining the fossil record for this group, however, it becomes apparent that although cercopithecoids are known for the last 20 million years (Myr), the modern high level of diversity is a relatively recent phenomenon.

Forty years ago, the Supreme Court drew attention to and made considerable efforts toward eliminating intrastate malapportionment among U.S. House districts with the one-person, one-vote rule. Today, this rule is significantly, and more severely, violated by a rarely discussed or analyzed form of malapportionment, interstate malapportionment. We identify and discuss its causes and consequences, as well as possible remedies. We argue that changing the fixed size of the U.S. House membership is the only solution that meets normative, constitutional, and practical standards. We demonstrate that the current fixed size of the chamber unreasonably corrupts the popular basis of the U.S. House, which is necessary for the proper functioning of American representative democracy.Jeffrey Ladewig is an assistant professor at the University of Connecticut in the Department of Political Science (jeffrey.ladewig@uconn.edu). Mathew Jasinski is an attorney at Robinson & Cole in Hartford, Connecticut (mathew.jasinski@gmail.com). We would like to thank Oksan Bayulgen, Larry Bowman, Robert Darcy, Virginia Hettinger, David Jones, and Howard Reiter for their suggestions and assistance. We also want to thank the anonymous reviewers for their extraordinarily in-depth and helpful reviews. Any remaining errors are our own.

The purpose of this study was to address the need for effective educational interventions to promote students' clinical decision making (CDM) within clinical practice environments. Researchers used a quasi-experimental, non-equivalent groups, posttest-only design to assess differences in CDM ability between intervention group students who participated in analogy-guided learning activities and control group students who participated in traditional activities. For the intervention, analogy-guided learning activities were incorporated into weekly group discussions, reflective journal writing, and questioning with clinical faculty. The researcher-designed Assessment of Clinical Decision Making Rubric was used to assess indicators of CDM ability in all students' reflective journal entries. Results indicated that the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher levels of CDM ability in their journals compared with the control group (ES(sm) = 0.52). Recommendations provide nurse educators with strategies to maximize students' development of CDM ability, better preparing students for the demands they face when they enter the profession.

In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic altered instructional and learning strategies at institutions across the globe. This emergency transition to remote instruction (ETRI) resulted in ambiguity regarding what to teach, how to teach, and instructor and student workload. We report on a survey-based study of 44 community college (CC) faculty at 16 institutions, with the aim of documenting how our CC faculty colleagues perceived the ETRI, the challenges they faced, and the resources that were-or would have been-most helpful. We conclude with recommendations, in the words of participating faculty, to address prevailing concerns voiced by these instructors: namely, the lack of student-faculty interactions in the online space, concerns about student access to resources, and the demand for authentic research and lab experiences.

The distribution of vitamin B 12 and thiamine was investigated in the Subarctic Pacific Ocean extending from Kodiak Island to the Pribilof Islands. Vitamin B 12 concentration was found to range from undetectable levels up to 3.39 ng/liter and thiamine from undetectable levels up to 445 ng/liter. Vitamin B 12 was present in 86% of the samples and thiamine in 74%. High concentrations, especially of thiamine, were found in low nutrient areas. Thiamine showed a fair negative correlation with PO 4 ‐P, NO 3 ‐N, and SiO 3 ‐Si concentrations whereas vitamin Bu had no significant correlation with anything else measured. Enrichment experiments showed that thiamine increased the relative uptake of 14 C whereas vitamin B 12 had no significant effects.

As in the lives of individuals, certain events in the lives of cities leave such a mark that time is thenceforth measured in terms of before and after.For example, following the Columbian Exposition that brought more than 27 million people to Chicago in 1893, that city would always be something more than "hog butcher to the world."The dazzling Midway Plaisance, one of the fair's highlights, soon disappeared.But an amazing stretch of parks and buildings along Chicago's Lake Michigan waterfront continues to be a reminder that this Midwestern metropolis was once host to the world.With the era of world's fairs apparently over, the quadrennial Olympic Games come closest to being the pre-eminent time-focused occasions that attract people from everywhere to particular geographic spaces.And just as the mammoth exhibitions of earlier days always left their mark on the urban spaces in which they were held, so Olympic sites are forever changed.Sometimes the municipal arenas in which the games are held are so immense -Los Angeles and Atlanta come to mind -that their long-term impact is diminished by the very complexity of urban existence that gushes in to fill the vacuum left when the sports figures and the observers who came to watch them perform go away.But urban cultural lacunae are often created in the aftermath when the games are held in mid-sized or even small cities, as is usual with the winter Olympics.While permanent physical changes in urban landscapes always remain, the years of preparation and anticipation lead up to periods of intense activity and excitement that turn out to be all-too brief.As a result, a let-down stage usually ensues in Olympic cities.When the weather is all wrong and tourists stay away, disappointment is palpable.But when the weather is fine and visitors to the games arrive in droves, as was the case in Salt Lake City in 2002, the situation 1.

Abstract As adult Latina/Latino students advanced from a community college to a four‐year college, a transition course and mentoring program engaged students and educators in a reciprocal process of change.

… power is never uni dimensional; it is exercised not only as a mode of domination, but also as an act of resistance or even as an expression of a creative mode of cultural and social production outside the immediate force of domination.The point is important in that the behavior expressed by subordinate groups cannot be reduced to a study of domination or resistance.Clearly, in the behavior of subordinate groups there are moments of cultural and creative expression that are informed by a different logic, whether it be existential, religious, or otherwise.(Giroux, 1983, p.108) Our faith is ultimately in individuals and their potentialities.In saying this, I do not mean what is sometimes called individualism as opposed to association.I mean rather an individuality that operates in and through voluntary associations.If our outward scene is one of externally imposed organization, behind and beneath there is working the force of liberated individualities, experimenting in their own ways to find and realize their own ends.The testimony of history is that in the end such a force, however scattered and inchoate, ultimately prevails over all set institutionalized forms, however firmly established the latter may be.(Dewey, 1928, cited in Hickman & Alexander, 1998, p.322)

Interest in biology education research (BER) has been growing over the last two decades, yet few BER publications focus on community colleges, which serve a large percentage of the undergraduate student population and a majority of those students who identify with historically underserved groups. In this paper, we define community college biology education research (CC BER) as publications with a community college faculty member as an author, publications with a community college study context or a focus on community college biology teaching and learning, and publications that use community college students as a source of data. We conducted a literature review to quantify how CC BER has progressed since initial calls for broadening participation by recording the number of CC BER publications in seven prominent journals between 2016 and 2020. Our formal analysis of peer-reviewed BER literature indicates that there has been a statistically significant increase in CC BER publications from 3.2% to 5.9% of total BER publications since the last analysis in 2017. We conclude with a discussion of strategies for further broadening of participation in CC BER.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a complex, often misunderstood disease that requires comprehensive medical and nursing care. Recently published clinical practice guidelines provide new direction with regard to the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care of patients with GERD. Using a case study approach, this article outlines the most recent evidence-based treatment options and patient education guidelines for a patient suffering from a complicated case of GERD.

The selection of type and size of equipment rests on many factors. The cost for unproductive time, especially when the equipment is rented, can be considerable and may impact severely on the ultimate cost of construction. Such costs for idle time are greater for large capacity equipment than for small. The contrary is true for the costs of production. Three approaches to this trade-off give as many expressions for the optimum size of capacity of equipment that gives the least total cost. Seven diverse examples illustrate these optimizing methods. One method gives the quantity of work as a point of indifference in the choice between contending equipment. The other two methods give the optimum size in closed form from simple algebraic expressions. They include factors for the quantity of work, idle and productive times, production rates, and costs of the associated crews. The general relationship between the size or capacity of equipment, S, and the quantity of work, Q, is: S is proportional to the square root of Q.

Old World monkeys (Cercopithecoidea) are the most successful and diverse group of living non-human primates in terms of the number of species, behavioural repertoires and ecology. They have much to teach us about the processes of evolution and the principles of ecology, and are among our closest living relatives. This volume presents a broad, technical account of cercopithecoid biology including molecular, behavioural and morphological approaches to phylogeny, population structure, allometry, fossil history, functional morphology, ecology, cognitive capabilities, social behaviour and conservation. It will be the definitive reference on this group for professionals and graduate students in primatology, animal behaviour, paleontology, morphology, systematics and physical anthropology, but will also be useful to senior undergraduates.

This paper reviews the literature on adolescent involvement in satanism. Results from a pilot study are presented along with a case study to illustrate factors that may alert practitioners to adolescents who are susceptible to satanic influences. Interventions for dealing with this adolescent subpopulation are discussed.

Course-based research pedagogy involves positioning students as contributors to authentic research projects as part of an engaging educational experience that promotes their learning and persistence in science. To develop a model for assessing and grading students engaged in this type of learning experience, the assessment aims and practices of a community of experienced course-based research instructors were collected and analyzed. This approach defines four aims of course-based research assessment - 1) Assessing Laboratory Work and Scientific Thinking; 2) Evaluating Mastery of Concepts, Quantitative Thinking and Skills; 3) Appraising Forms of Scientific Communication; and 4) Metacognition of Learning - along with a set of practices for each aim. These aims and practices of assessment were then integrated with previously developed models of course-based research instruction to reveal an assessment program in which instructors provide extensive feedback to support productive student engagement in research while grading those aspects of research that are necessary for the student to succeed. Assessment conducted in this way delicately balances the need to facilitate students' ongoing research with the requirement of a final grade without undercutting the important aims of a CRE education.

The need to obtain information about students' perceptions regarding differences in clinical learning that relate to minority-racial status was part of the impetus for a larger study (Anfinson, 1993). A naturalistic inquiry paradigm was used for this study. The analysis of the qualitative data was completed by using the constant comparative/grounded theory approach of Stauss and Corbin (1990). One NLN accredited associate degree nursing program, eight first-level student nurses and four staff nurses were participants in the study. From the field notes of student observations in the clinical setting, tape recordings of the student interviews and other artifacts, the analysis demonstrates differences in students' perceptions. The differences in students' perceptions related to minority-racial status can be attributed to how it was viewed, e.g., as a previously acquired attitude, or related to the evaluation process. Discussions of ways to assure that race and ethnicity do not play a role in evaluation of minority students are presented. Based on the literature and personal experiences, the author maintains that commitment of faculty and clear communications are primary factors in promoting minority student success.