Centro de Investigação em Artes e Comunicação

Background: Monitoring obesity and overweight prevalence is important for assessing interventions aimed at preventing or reducing the burden of obesity. This study aimed to provide current data regarding the prevalence of overweight and obesity of adults, from 20 European countries. Methods: Participants were 34 814 (16 482 men) adults with mean age 50.8 ± 17.7. Data from European Social Survey round 7, 2014, were analysed. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from self-reported height and weight. Results: The proportion of underweight was only 2%, and 44.9% for normal weight. Overweight and obese accounted for 53.1%. More men than women were overweight (44.7% vs. 30.5%). Older adults were significantly more overweight (42.4%) and obese (20.9%) than middle age and younger adults. Retired people account for a greater proportion of overweight (42.0%) and obese (21.5%), when compared with employed, unemployed and students. People from rural areas were significantly more overweight (39.1 vs. 36.1%) and obese (17.0 vs. 15.3%) than those who lived in urban areas. The estimates indicate that the highest prevalence of overweight was in Czech Republic (45.2%), Hungary (43.7%) and Lithuania (41.7%). For obesity, Slovenia (20.8%), Estonia (19.7%) and the United Kingdom (19.2%) were the countries with the highest prevalence. Conclusion: Even though data was self-reported, and individuals tend to overestimate their height and underestimate their weight, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is considered high. More than half of the European population is overweight and obese. This study strengthens and updates the claims of an excessive weight epidemic in Europe.

Research Article| January 01, 2003 Looking for clues to paleoceanographic imprints: A diagnosis of the Gulf of Cadiz contourite depositional systems Javier Hernández-Molina; Javier Hernández-Molina 1Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad de Vigo, 36200 Vigo, Spain Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Estefanía Llave; Estefanía Llave 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Luis Somoza; Luis Somoza 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar M. Carmen Fernández-Puga; M. Carmen Fernández-Puga 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Adolfo Maestro; Adolfo Maestro 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ricardo León; Ricardo León 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Teresa Medialdea; Teresa Medialdea 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Antonio Barnolas; Antonio Barnolas 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Margarita García; Margarita García 3Instituto Español de Oceanografía, C/ Puerto Pesquero s/n, 29640 Fuengirola, Spain Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Víctor Díaz del Río; Víctor Díaz del Río 3Instituto Español de Oceanografía, C/ Puerto Pesquero s/n, 29640 Fuengirola, Spain Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Luis Miguel Fernández-Salas; Luis Miguel Fernández-Salas 3Instituto Español de Oceanografía, C/ Puerto Pesquero s/n, 29640 Fuengirola, Spain Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar J. Tomás Vázquez; J. Tomás Vázquez 4Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar F° Lobo; F° Lobo 5CIACOMAR, Avenida 16 de Junho s/n, 8700–311, Olhao, Portugal Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Joao M. Alveirinho Dias; Joao M. Alveirinho Dias 5CIACOMAR, Avenida 16 de Junho s/n, 8700–311, Olhao, Portugal Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Jesús Rodero; Jesús Rodero 6Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, Facultad de Ciencias, 18002 Granada, Spain Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Joan Gardner Joan Gardner 7Naval Research Laboratory, Code 7420, 455 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, D.C. 20081, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Javier Hernández-Molina 1Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad de Vigo, 36200 Vigo, Spain Estefanía Llave 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain Luis Somoza 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain M. Carmen Fernández-Puga 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain Adolfo Maestro 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain Ricardo León 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain Teresa Medialdea 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain Antonio Barnolas 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain Margarita García 3Instituto Español de Oceanografía, C/ Puerto Pesquero s/n, 29640 Fuengirola, Spain Víctor Díaz del Río 3Instituto Español de Oceanografía, C/ Puerto Pesquero s/n, 29640 Fuengirola, Spain Luis Miguel Fernández-Salas 3Instituto Español de Oceanografía, C/ Puerto Pesquero s/n, 29640 Fuengirola, Spain J. Tomás Vázquez 4Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain F° Lobo 5CIACOMAR, Avenida 16 de Junho s/n, 8700–311, Olhao, Portugal Joao M. Alveirinho Dias 5CIACOMAR, Avenida 16 de Junho s/n, 8700–311, Olhao, Portugal Jesús Rodero 6Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, Facultad de Ciencias, 18002 Granada, Spain Joan Gardner 7Naval Research Laboratory, Code 7420, 455 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, D.C. 20081, USA Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 11 Jun 2002 Revision Received: 12 Sep 2002 Accepted: 13 Sep 2002 First Online: 02 Jun 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2682 Print ISSN: 0091-7613 Geological Society of America Geology (2003) 31 (1): 19–22. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0019:LFCTPI>2.0.CO;2 Article history Received: 11 Jun 2002 Revision Received: 12 Sep 2002 Accepted: 13 Sep 2002 First Online: 02 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation Javier Hernández-Molina, Estefanía Llave, Luis Somoza, M. Carmen Fernández-Puga, Adolfo Maestro, Ricardo León, Teresa Medialdea, Antonio Barnolas, Margarita García, Víctor Díaz del Río, Luis Miguel Fernández-Salas, J. Tomás Vázquez, F° Lobo, Joao M. Alveirinho Dias, Jesús Rodero, Joan Gardner; Looking for clues to paleoceanographic imprints: A diagnosis of the Gulf of Cadiz contourite depositional systems. Geology 2003;; 31 (1): 19–22. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0019:LFCTPI>2.0.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract A new morphosedimentary map of the Gulf of Cadiz is presented, showing the contourite depositional system on the gulf's middle slope. This map is constructed from a broad database provided by the Spanish Research Council and the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. Our map shows that this contourite depositional system comprises five morphosedimentary sectors: (1) proximal scour and sand ribbons; (2) overflow sedimentary lobe; (3) channels and ridges; (4) contourite deposition; and (5) submarine canyons. The Gulf of Cadiz contourite depositional system stems directly from the interaction between Mediterranean Outflow Water and the seafloor; its morphosedimentary sectors are clearly related to the systematic deceleration of the Mediterranean Outflow Water's westward branches, bathymetric stress on the margin, and the Coriolis force. The slope's depositional system can be considered as a mixed contourite and turbidite system, i.e., a detached combined drift and fan. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.

Tuberculosis has been diagnosed in wild boar (Sus scrofa) in several European countries during the last decade; however, almost no information has been reported to date for Portugal. This study aimed to investigate tuberculosis in wild boar in Portugal through characterization of Mycobacterium bovis infection and identification of disease risk factors. Tissue samples were obtained from hunted wild boar during the 2005 and 2006 hunting seasons. Samples were inspected for gross lesions and processed for culture. Acid-fast bacterial isolates were identified by polymerase chain reaction and spoligotyping. Associations between tuberculosis in wild boar and several variables linked to wild ungulate diversity and relative abundance, livestock density, and cattle tuberculosis incidence were investigated. Mycobacterium bovis isolates were identified in 18 of 162 wild boars from three of eight study areas. Infection rates ranged from 6% (95% confidence interval [CI(P95%)] = 1-21%) to 46% (CI(P95%) = 27-67%) in the three infected study areas; females in our sample were at greater risk of being infected than males (odds ratio = 4.33; CI(P95%) = 3.31-5.68). Spoligotyping grouped the M. bovis isolates in three clusters and one isolate was a novel spoligotype not previously reported in international databases. Detection of M. bovis was most consistently associated with variables linked to wild ungulate relative abundance, suggesting that these species, particularly the wild boar, might act as maintenance hosts in Portugal.

The solubility of oxygen in n-hexane and in n-perfluorohexane was determined experimentally and calculated by computer simulation. A precision apparatus based on a saturation method at constant pressure was used to measure the solubility at temperatures from 288 to 313 K and close to atmospheric pressure. Henry's law coefficients, H2,1(T,psat1), were obtained from the experimental data and their temperature dependence was represented by appropriate correlations. The precision of the results was characterised by average deviations of H2,1 from these smoothing equations and is of ±0.5% and ±0.8% for oxygen in n-hexane and in n-perfluorohexane, respectively. From the temperature variation of the Henry's law coefficients, partial molar solvation quantities such as the variation of the Gibbs energy, enthalpy and entropy were derived. Molecular dynamics simulations with all-atom force fields, associated with Widom's test particle insertion method, were used to calculate the residual chemical potential of oxygen in the two solvents studied leading to Henry's law coefficients which were then compared to the experimental values. The difference between oxygen solubility in the two solvents was interpreted on the basis of solute–solvent interactions and structural properties such as solute–solvent radial distribution functions.

OBJECTIVE: Using a wide and representative sample of adolescents from 37 countries, this study aimed to analyze how age changes adolescents' healthy lifestyle. METHODS: The study included 148,839 adolescents who participated in the Health Behavior in School-aged Children 2010 survey. A composite score of a healthy lifestyle was created using the combination of daily physical activity, daily fruit and vegetable consumption, <2h daily on screen-based behaviors, abstinence from alcohol, and abstinence from tobacco products. Healthy lifestyle measures were based on self-report. RESULTS: 4.7% of boys and 4.4% of girls aged 11 years, 3% of boys and 2% of girls aged 13 years, and 1.5% of boys and 0.8% of girls aged 15 scored perfectly on the healthy lifestyle score. As age increased, the prevalence of adolescents with a healthy lifestyle decreased. In 37 countries and regions, the prevalence of healthy behaviors decreased linearly between early adolescence and the age of 15 years. CONCLUSIONS: In general, adolescents do not have a healthy lifestyle. Results from this study highlight that there is still much work to be done in promoting healthy lifestyles and to raise awareness among adolescents of the potential risk to their health status.

The polarized and depolarized Raman spectra of 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-trifluoro acetate (Bmim TFA) ionic liquid and of the dense phase obtained after introduction of supercritical carbon dioxide (313K) under pressure (from 0.1 MPa up to 9 MPa) in the ionic liquid have been recorded. The spectrum of the pure ionic liquid has been assigned by comparison with the spectra of ionic liquids sharing the same cation and using literature data concerning the vibrational modes of the TFA anion. It was found that the spectra of the ionic liquid is almost unaffected by the CO(2) dilution. The only noticeable perturbation concerns a weak enhancement of the mode assigned here to the symmetric stretch vibration of the COO group of the TFA anion. The band shape analysis of the ν(CC) band in pure Bmim TFA shows that the carboxylate groups probe a variety of environments which are almost not affected by the dilution in carbon dioxide. The analysis of the Fermi dyad of carbon dioxide shows that this molecule is perturbed upon dilution in the ionic liquid. The spectra suggest the presence of carbon dioxide in two different environments. In the first one, carbon dioxide molecules interact with themselves, whereas in the second environment, this molecule interacts with the COO group of the TFA anion. This is supported by B3LYP-DFT calculations aimed at assessing the interaction between an ion pair dimer and a carbon dioxide molecule. It is shown that dissolved CO(2) molecules preferentially interact with the TFA anion through a weak charge transfer interaction taking place between the carbon atom of CO(2) (acting as a Lewis acid) and a oxygen atom of the COO group of TFA (as a Lewis base). The results show that Bmim TFA is able to accommodate a large amount of carbon dioxide without having its short-range local structure significantly perturbed. Most CO(2) is hosted in the voids existing among the ion pairs, while some also weakly interact with the anion. It is finally argued that the evolution of the local organization of the IL upon carbon dioxide dilution presents similarities with the microsegregation phenomena reported for IL upon increasing the alkyl chains lengths.

PURPOSE: Convergence and accommodative insufficiency represent the main cause of complaints during close visual work and can reduce visual performance and comfort. Knowing their prevalence among schoolchildren is fundamental to define strategies for action. The purpose of this study was to estimate the frequency of these conditions in children in 5th and 6th school years in inland Portugal and to assess the impact that each visual condition has on their quality of life, based on the level of visual symptoms. METHODS: a cross-sectional study was carried out with children enrolled in the 5th and 6th school years. 372 children (192 girls) were assessed, with average ages of 10.9 ± 0.9 years. Refractive error and binocular vision assessment, integrating accommodative parameters, were used to analyse the visual condition. Symptoms were quantified using the Portuguese version of the CISS (Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey). RESULTS: The prevalence of definite Convergence Insufficiency (CI) in the children assessed was 2%. A prevalence of 6,8% could be considered if clinically significant CI (high suspect and definite categories) cases are accounted. In relation to Accommodative Insufficiency (AI), a frequency rate of 10% was recorded, with 3% of the evaluated children presenting AI and CI simultaneously. The symptoms score was higher in AI than in CI. CONCLUSIONS: A frequency of approximately 10% was found for each one of the visual syndromes, and it was verified that visual discomfort is common among teenagers who carry these conditions. In cases of asthenopia, such as headaches and loss of concentration, associated with near vision activities, there is a requirement to evaluate the quality of binocular vision.

A leitura de textos literários atua sobre cada indivíduo de maneira muito particular, dada à diversidade de identidades e experiências; bem como, as marcas do contexto histórico que vão moldando os desdobramentos, as impressões, as análises decorrentes. Esse processo, então, pode ser bem visualizado e compreendido, quando o olhar se volta tanto para os momentos que antecederam o grande marco da sociedade mundial, a Revolução Industrial, quanto para a sua consolidação, ocorrida segundo historiadores entre a segunda metade do século XVIII e a primeira metade do século XIX. Nesse contexto, Mary Shelley rompeu os paradigmas e se transformou num expoente do Romantismo inglês, com a obra Frankenstein: or The Modern Prometheus, adotando um viés Gótico, ou seja, sua construção traz o sentimento como objeto da ação interior do sujeito, que excede a condição de simples estado afetivo. De modo que, passado pouco mais de duzentos anos, torna-se inevitável que os leitores ao longo desse período tenham conseguido permanecer inertes ao contexto da leitura ficcional ou de entretenimento face às profundas reflexões sociais contidas em Frankenstein: or The Modern Prometheus. Por essa razão é que esse artigo propõe uma releitura da obra capaz de refletir sobre temáticas nela presentes, tais como a solidão, a vaidade, o poder e o conhecimento, por meio de conceitos estabelecidos no recorte temporal, entre 1817 e 2019, que abrange a transição entre a Modernidade e a Contemporaneidade, a qual inclui o conceito sociológico-histórico da Pós-Modernidade.

O presente artigo reflete sobre o caso da telenovela brasileira a partir de dois eixos. O primeiro demonstra como a telenovela no Brasil se incorporou, ao longo de sua história, à cultura do país, tornando-se um de seus elementos mais distintivos e aquele que, possivelmente, melhor caracteriza hoje uma «narrativa da nação». O segundo defende a hipótese de que por ter conseguido alta credibilidade, a telenovela brasileira tornou-se um espaço público de debates de temas representativos da modernidade que se vive no país, convertendo-se assim em um «recurso comunicativo». O objetivo é entender mais e melhor como uma narrativa pensada para o entretenimento de mulheres pode chegar a essa condição.

Assuming the importance of public space design in the implementation of effective adaptation action towards urban flooding, this paper identifies and systematizes a wide range of flood adaptation measures pertinent to the design of public spaces. It presents findings from both a systematic literature review and an empirical analysis retrieved from concrete public space design precedents. It concludes with the presentation of a conceptual framework that organizes the identified measures in accordance to their main, and secondary, infrastructural strategies. The intention behind the disclosed framework is to aid a multitude of professionals during the initial exploratory phases of public space projects that incorporate flooding adaptation capacities.

Pleistocene glaciations often resulted in differentiation of taxa in southern European peninsulas, producing the high levels of endemism characteristic of these regions (e.g. the Iberian Peninsula). Despite their small ranges, endemic species often exhibit high levels of intraspecific differentiation as a result of a complex evolutionary history dominated by successive cycles of fragmentation, expansion and subsequent admixture of populations. Most evidence so far has come from the study of species with an Atlantic distribution in northwestern Iberia, and taxa restricted to Mediterranean-type habitats remain poorly studied. The Iberian Midwife toad (Alytes cisternasii) is a morphologically conserved species endemic to southwestern and central Iberia and a typical inhabitant of Mediterranean habitats. Applying highly variable genetic markers from both mitochondrial and nuclear genomes to samples collected across the species' range, we found evidence of high population subdivision within A. cisternasii. Mitochondrial haplotypes and microsatellites show geographically concordant patterns of genetic diversity, suggesting population fragmentation into several refugia during Pleistocene glaciations followed by subsequent events of geographical and demographic expansions with secondary contact. In addition, the absence of variation at the nuclear beta-fibint7 and Ppp3caint4 gene fragments suggests that populations of A. cisternasii have been recurrently affected by episodes of extinction and recolonization, and that documented patterns of population subdivision are the outcome of recent and multiple refugia. We discuss the evolutionary history of the species with particular interest in the increasing relevance of Mediterranean refugia for the survival of genetically differentiated populations during the Pleistocene glaciations as revealed by studies in co-distributed taxa.

A reestruturação da atenção em saúde mental no Brasil, preconizada pelo Movimento da Reforma Psiquiátrica se insere além da oferta de novos serviços ou da reestruturação de modelos assistenciais. Por se tratar de uma profunda alteração da resposta social à loucura, implica mudanças de ordem política, ideológica, ética e das concepções de clínica e reabilitação. No presente artigo, identificamos alguns impasses advindos da inserção do Movimento da Reforma Psiquiátrica nas políticas dos governos estaduais e do federal, abordamos questões originadas da transposição das diretrizes desta última para o plano operacional nos serviços e finalmente discutimos o papel estratégico da gestão destes últimos na tradução das diretrizes gerais em práticas assistenciais qualificadas.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive value of genetic polymorphisms in the context of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy outcome and create a predictive profile that may allow discrimination of the risk of recurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a dataset of 204 patients treated with BCG, we evaluated 42 genetic polymorphisms in 38 genes involved in the BCG mechanism of action, using Sequenom MassARRAY(®) technology. Stepwise multivariate Cox regression was used for data mining. RESULTS: In agreement with previous studies we found that gender, age, tumour multiplicity and treatment scheme were associated with BCG failure. Using stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis we propose the first predictive profile of BCG immunotherapy outcome and a risk score based on polymorphisms in immune system molecules [single nucleotide polymorphisms in tumour necrosis factor α (TNFA)-1031T/C (rs1799964), interleukin 2 receptor α (IL2RA) rs2104286 T/C, IL17A-197G/A (rs2275913), IL17RA-809A/G (rs4819554), IL18R1 rs3771171 T/C, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) K469E (rs5498), Fas ligand (FASL)-844T/C (rs763110) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 1 (TRAILR1)-397T/G (rs79037040)] in association with clinicopathological variables. This risk score allows the categorisation of patients into risk groups: patients within the low-risk group have a 90% chance of successful treatment, whereas patients in the high-risk group present a 75% chance of recurrence after BCG treatment. CONCLUSION: We have established the first predictive score of BCG immunotherapy outcome combining clinicopathological characteristics and a panel of genetic polymorphisms. Further studies using an independent cohort are warranted. Moreover, the inclusion of other biomarkers may help to improve the proposed model.

Abstract Tidal marshes store large amounts of organic carbon in their soils. Field data quantifying soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks provide an important resource for researchers, natural resource managers, and policy-makers working towards the protection, restoration, and valuation of these ecosystems. We collated a global dataset of tidal marsh soil organic carbon (MarSOC) from 99 studies that includes location, soil depth, site name, dry bulk density, SOC, and/or soil organic matter (SOM). The MarSOC dataset includes 17,454 data points from 2,329 unique locations, and 29 countries. We generated a general transfer function for the conversion of SOM to SOC. Using this data we estimated a median (± median absolute deviation) value of 79.2 ± 38.1 Mg SOC ha −1 in the top 30 cm and 231 ± 134 Mg SOC ha −1 in the top 1 m of tidal marsh soils globally. This data can serve as a basis for future work, and may contribute to incorporation of tidal marsh ecosystems into climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies and policies.

Urban public space is extraordinarily adaptable under a pattern of relatively stable changes. However, when facing unprecedented and potentially extreme climatic changes, public spaces may not have the same adaptation capacity. In this context, planned adaptation gains strength against “business as usual”. While public spaces are among the most vulnerable areas to climatic hazards, they entail relevant characteristics for adaptation efforts. As such, public space design can lead to effective adaptation undertakings, explicitly influencing urban design practices as we know them. Amongst its different intrinsic roles and benefits, such as being a civic common gathering place of social and economic exchanges, public space may have found an enhanced protagonism under the climate change adaptation perspective. In light of the conducted empirical analysis, which gathered existing examples of public spaces with flood adaptation purposes, specific public space potentialities for the application of flood adaptation measures are here identified and characterized. Overall, this research questions the specific social potentiality of public space adaptation in the processes of vulnerability tackling, namely considering the need of alternatives in current flood management practices. Through literature review and case study analysis, it is here argued that: people and communities can be perceived as more than susceptible targets and rather be professed as active agents in the process of managing urban vulnerability; that climate change literacy, through the design of a public space, may endorse an increased common need for action and the pursuit of suitable solutions; and that local know-how and locally-driven design can be considered as a service with added value for adaptation endeavors.

The potential population and community level impacts of fishing have received considerable attention, but little is known about how fishing influences communities' functional diversity at regional scales. We examined how estimates of functional diversity differed among 25 regions of variable richness and investigated the functional consequences of removing species targeted by commercial fisheries. Our study shows that fishing leads to substantial losses in functional diversity. The magnitude of such loss was, however, reduced in the more speciose regions. Moreover, the removal of commercially targeted species caused a much larger reduction in functional diversity than expected by random species deletions, which was a consequence of the selective nature of fishing for particular species traits. Results suggest that functional redundancy is spatially variable, that richer biotas provide some degree of insurance against the impact of fishing on communities' functional diversity and that fishing predominantly selects for particular species traits. Understanding how fishing impacts community functional diversity is key to predict its effects for biodiversity as well as ecosystem functioning.

Today, although most of the international research community considers climate change adaptation to be essential, there is limited knowledge on its concrete integration with contemporary placemaking. Yet, with the emergence of the adaptation agenda, the effects of urban climatology are continually coercing the need for concrete action to increase the climatic responsiveness of urban environments. This article is constructed upon a “Research for Design” approach, and focuses upon improving urban design guidelines by reviewing existing theoretical/empirical research on how pedestrian comfort levels can be addressed through public space design. The objective is to incorporate such qualitative and quantitative interrogations into a generic tool such as the “Place Diagram” by the PPS. A total of six intangible criteria, and six measurable attributes, are explored and structured in order to introduce new generic design considerations which can contribute to the responsiveness of urban outdoor spaces in an era of expected climate variability.

The role of the electrode material on the interfacial double layer structure of a series of ionic liquids comprising 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (C₄MIM][PF₆]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C₄MIM][Tf₂N]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C₄MIM][BF₄]) was investigated on gold (Au) and platinum (Pt) electrodes.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and satisfaction with social support with the quality of life of schizophrenic patients. METHODOLOGY: This study included a sample of 268 participants. An interview was conducted to obtain sociodemographic and clinical data, supplemented with two assessment tools used to evaluate quality of life (World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument-Abbreviated version - WHOQOL-Bref) and satisfaction with social support (Social Support Satisfaction Scale - SSSS). Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed. RESULTS: Most individuals were male (63.4%), with a mean age of 45.4 years, single (85.4%), living with their family (62.3%) and unemployed (90.3%). As for clinical characteristics, most had the disease for less than 20 years (50.7%), and 55.6% had at least one hospitalization within the last 5 years. Being employed and having had no hospitalization within the last 5 years were positively correlated with one or more WHOQOL-Bref domains. The results of the variables intimacy (p<0.001) and satisfaction with friends (p<0.001) were independently related to the total WHOQOL-Bref score. CONCLUSION: Having a job, having had no hospitalization within the last 5 years and having greater satisfaction with social support are factors that positively influence quality of life among schizophrenics. It is therefore crucial that the psychosocial rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia take these factors into account, increasing the support network, preventing relapses and promoting occupational activities.

This study presents the development and analysis of the psychometric properties of the Deviant Behavior Variety Scale (DBVS). Participants were 861 Portuguese adolescents (54 % female), aged between 12 and 19 years old. Two alternative models were tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Although both models showed good fit indexes, the two-factor model didn’t presented discriminant validity. Further results provided evidence for the factorial and the convergent validity of the single-factor structure of the DVBS, which has also shown good internal consistency. Criterion validity was evaluated through the association with related variables, such as age and school failure, as well as the scale’s ability to capture group differences, namely between genders and school retentions, and finally by comparing a sub-group of convicted adolescents with a group of non-convicted ones regarding their engagement in delinquent activities. Overall, the scale presented good psychometric properties, with results supporting that the DBVS is a valid and reliable self-reported measure to evaluate adolescents’ involvement in deviance.