Délégation Régionale Occitanie Pyrénées

1 - Water availability is one of the main factors explaining flora composition and growth in Mediterranean regions, where it may decline with climate change.\n2 - Our goal was to develop a model for forest site assessment in Mediterranean environments, focusing on water availability to assess potential vegetation composition and productivity at any places whatever their level of disturbance.\n3 - We designed a statistical model, using global climatic and geographic variables as well as detailed local topographic and edaphic variables to compute a bioclimatic index for Mediterranean forest environments. This model was calibrated in France with a flora index from 325 old-forests. 80.3% of the flora index variance was explained by the model. The method fills a gap in existing models, bridging scales from the region to forest sites.\n4 - Beyond its theoretical aspect, it was designed to allow practical tools to be derived from it for decision making and management, as the assessment of climate change impact on vegetation and of forest productivity. Its development and adaptation is possible in other Mediterranean regions, and in any region where water is one of the main limiting factors. / 1 La disponibilité en eau est un des principaux facteurs contrôlant la composition et la croissance de la flore en région méditerranéenne. Elle devrait décroître avec le changement climatique.\n2 - Notre objectif était de développer un modèle pour l'analyse stationnelle des milieux forestiers méditerranéens. Basé sur la disponibilité de l'eau, il devait permettre l'évaluation de leur flore potentielle et de leur productivité, quel que soit leur état de perturbation.\n3 - Nous avons conçu un modèle statistique, utilisant conjointement des variables globales, climatiques et géographiques, et des variables locales topographiques et édaphiques pour calculer un indice bioclimatique adapté aux milieux forestiers méditerranéens. Ce modèle a été calibré en France sur 325 placettes de forêts âgées à l'aide d'un indice floristique dont il explique 80.3% de la variance. Avec des échelles de travail allant en continu de la région à la station forestière, la méthode comble un vide dans la gamme des modèles existants.\n4 - Ce modèle ouvre des perspectives pour l'évaluation de l'impact du changement climatique sur la flore et de la productivité forestière. La méthode peut être adaptée à d'autres régions méditerranéennes et à toute région où le bilan hydrique est un des principaux facteurs limitants.

L'Adour (drainant 17 000 km2 sur la façade atlantique, exploités par la pêche amateur et la pêche professionnelle) est fréquenté par six grands migrateurs amphihalins : saumon atlantique, truite de mer, anguille, grande alose, alose feinte et lamproie marine, tous plus ou moins en voie de régression au début des années 1980. Au cours des deux dernières décennies, des actions diverses (aménagements du milieu, études, repeuplements, mesures réglementaires) ont été menées pour leur restauration. Ces actions ont pu être conduites grâce à des concours financiers (Etat, Région, Agence de l'Eau, Europe) et à la participation des pêcheurs regroupés au sein de l'association MIGRADOUR, avec l'appui technique du Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche. La présente communication fait le point sur chacune de ces espèces, conformément à un plan d'exposé en trois parties : état initial (avant 1980), actions menées de 1980 à 1998 et bilan et, orientation actuelle.

Additional file 7: Table S4. Proportions of pregnancies with prescribed medication pairs – sensitivity analysis.

Supplementary material 1.

Abstract Background Under-five mortality remains high in West Africa, where sick children are expected to first attend the primary health care before being referred to a hospital if necessary. However, little is known about how families navigate between home and higher levels of care to meet their children’s health needs, despite multiple known barriers (including social, financial, and geographical accessibility). We analysed the care pathways of children aged 0–5 years before they presented to the district hospital with a serious illness and the determinants of these care pathways in four West African countries. Methods From May to August 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional study over a one-month data collection in seven district hospitals participating in the AIRE project aimed to introduce pulse oximetry at primary health care level in Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali, and Niger. All children aged 0–5 years, classified as severe or priority cases by clinicians at referral district hospitals were included after parental consent. Data about care pathways since the onset of their disease were collected from caregivers, and the Levesque framework was used to analyse the accessibility issues. Results A total of 861 severely ill children were included, with 33% being neonates: 20.3% in Burkina Faso, 9.2% in Guinea, 9.5% in Mali, and 61% in Niger. In Burkina Faso and Niger, most children followed the recommended care pathway and first visited a primary health centre before arriving at the hospital, with 81.1% and 73.3% of children, respectively. However, they were only 51.2% in Mali and 13.9% in Guinea. Using alternative pathways was common, particularly in Guinea, where 30.4% of children first consulted a pharmacist, and Mali, where 25.6% consulted a traditional medicine practitioner. Overall, primary care was perceived to be more geographically accessible and less expensive, but parents were much less convinced that it could improve their child's health compared to hospital care. Conclusion The recommended pathway is largely adhered to, yet parallel pathways require attention, notably in Guinea and Mali. A better understanding of healthcare-seeking behaviours can help remove barriers to care, improving the likelihood that a sick child will receive optimal care.

Additional file 5: Table S2. Proportions of pregnancies with a prescribed medication – sensitivity analysis.

Abstract Background Under-five mortality remains high in West Africa, where sick children are expected to first attend the primary health care before being referred to a hospital if necessary. However, little is known about how families navigate between home and higher levels of care to meet their children’s health needs, despite multiple known barriers (including social, financial, and geographical accessibility). We analysed the care pathways of children aged 0–5 years before they presented to the district hospital with a serious illness and the determinants of these care pathways in four West African countries. Methods From May to August 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional study over a one-month data collection in seven district hospitals participating in the AIRE project aimed to introduce pulse oximetry at primary health care level in Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali, and Niger. All children aged 0–5 years, classified as severe or priority cases by clinicians at referral district hospitals were included after parental consent. Data about care pathways since the onset of their disease were collected from caregivers, and the Levesque framework was used to analyse the accessibility issues. Results A total of 861 severely ill children were included, with 33% being neonates: 20.3% in Burkina Faso, 9.2% in Guinea, 9.5% in Mali, and 61% in Niger. In Burkina Faso and Niger, most children followed the recommended care pathway and first visited a primary health centre before arriving at the hospital, with 81.1% and 73.3% of children, respectively. However, they were only 51.2% in Mali and 13.9% in Guinea. Using alternative pathways was common, particularly in Guinea, where 30.4% of children first consulted a pharmacist, and Mali, where 25.6% consulted a traditional medicine practitioner. Overall, primary care was perceived to be more geographically accessible and less expensive, but parents were much less convinced that it could improve their child's health compared to hospital care. Conclusion The recommended pathway is largely adhered to, yet parallel pathways require attention, notably in Guinea and Mali. A better understanding of healthcare-seeking behaviours can help remove barriers to care, improving the likelihood that a sick child will receive optimal care.

Additional file 6: Table S3. Proportions of pregnancies with prescribed medication pairs – primary analysis.

NMR titration data of the 15N labeled RRE of PbaB1, with different peptides in 800_PbaB1 folder Series 1-5 PbaA peptide Series 101-107 LppA peptide Series 201-205 PbaA W-15Ypeptide Series 301-305 LppA Y-16W peptide ######################################################### Phylogenetic data in the Phylogenetic data folder: #........................................................... # rre.3024.FASTA Alignment of 3024 RRE domains with consensus sequence and sites, containing >95% gaps removed. Sequence deflines include RRE classification (RRE_LPP/RRE_PAEN/RRE_LASSO for LPP, paeninodins and other lasso). Aligned FASTA format. #........................................................... # rre.3024.ftx.tre Approximate ML tree, reconstructed using "FastTree -gamma -wag" command options. Leaves indicate protein GenBank IDs and RRE classification (RRE_LPP/RRE_PAEN/RRE_LASSO). Newick format. #........................................................... # Prok2311.rre.genes.tab Mapping of RREs to a collection of completely sequenced prokaryotic genomes (see https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-025-02180-8). Columns: 1. Gene ID | NCBI locus tag 2. Genome assembly ID 3. Protein id in the assembly (WP_013528114_1 = WP_013528114.1) 4. GenBank ID of the closest relative in the rre.3024 set 5. RRE classification (RRE_LPP/RRE_PAEN/RRE_LASSO) 6. NCBI taxonomic lineage for the genome assembly ASCII tab-delimited text file. #........................................................... # Prok2311.Bacilli.uxr.tre Approximate ML tree for genomes in the Bacilli clade, reconstructed using 54 nearly universal bacterial COGs. Leaves indicate abbreviated taxonomy of the genome, Genome assembly ID, and, when approproate, classification of RRE genes, present in this genome (RRE_LPP/RRE_PAEN/RRE_LASSO). Internal nodes of the tree have numerical labels. Newick format. #........................................................... # Prok2311.Bacilli.pars.tab Equal-weight maximum parsimony reconstriuction of RRE_LPP and RRE_PAEN genes in Bacilli. Columns: 1. RRE classification (RRE_LPP/RRE_PAEN) 2. Tree node (___N5709 = node #5709 in the Prok2311.Bacilli.uxr.tre or Genome assembly ID for leaves) 3. Gene presence or absence (1/0) 4. Gain, loss or no change (1/-1/0) on the tree edge, leading to the node Only the nodes where the gene(s) are present or lost are shown. ASCII tab-delimited text file.

Additional file 4: Table S1. Proportions of pregnancies with a prescribed medication – primary analysis.

To establish an inventory of the Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) among physiotherapists (PT) in France assessing EBP knowledge, perception, and utilisation in practice. A cross-sectional survey was performed using a French translation of the EBP² questionnaire including the 5 EBP domains (Relevance, Terminology, Confidence, Practice and Sympathy). Participants completed the online survey from February 26th to August 31st, 2021. Scores were summarised by EBP domain for each participant. Pairwise Pearson’s correlations between domains scores and a hierarchical clustering on principal component analysis were conducted. In total, 542 participants were included in the analysis. Majority of participants were male with median age of 30 years (IQR: 26–36 years). Regarding EBP domain scores, PT perceived relevance of EBP but had difficulty to apply it in practice. Furthermore, positive correlations exist between the 5 domains. Participants were divided into three clusters. Those reporting poor scientific analysis skills and high barriers were older, less graduated, less trained in EBP and graduated earlier. French PT perceived research to be important in their current practice and had a favourable opinion of EBP. However, they reported a lack of confidence, difficulty to understand terminology and to use it in practice. These findings and their profiles may help to improve PT’s EBP education in France.

<p class="REDUTEXTORESUMEN"><em>Los principales encargos de la Universidad son la formacion y la investigacion. Esta &uacute;ltima&nbsp; es fuente de conocimiento y de innovaci&oacute;n para las empresas. La competici&oacute;n econ&oacute;mica entre la Uni&oacute;n Europea y los pa&iacute;ses&nbsp; desarollados y emergentes es un desaf&iacute;o permanente.</em> <p class="REDUTEXTORESUMEN"><em>Para responder a este reto, la Uni&oacute;n Europea ha iniciado un proceso de estructuraci&oacute;n y de mutualizaci&oacute;n de la investigaci&oacute;n de los pa&iacute;ses miembros dentro del Espacio Europea de la Investigaci&oacute;n. La financiaci&oacute;n de proyectos de investigaci&oacute;n en cooperaci&oacute;n transnacional en el s&eacute;ptimo programa marco incita a los investigadores a agruparse para contestar a los varias convocatorias con un criterio de excelencia.</em> <em>A ejemplo de Europa, los estados, los institutos definen tambi&eacute;n sus pol&iacute;ticas de relaciones internationales en materia de formaci&oacute;n y de investigaci&oacute;n. Si la experiencia internacional es un elemento de desarrollo, de progreso y de plenitud para los investigadores, es tambi&eacute;n un formidable espacio de libertad para su profesi&oacute;n.</em><p class="REDUTEXTORESUMEN"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong> <p class="REDUTEXTORESUMEN"><strong><em>The International Dimension of the Research</em></strong> <p class="REDUTEXTORESUMEN"><em>The essential University&nbsp;missions are the education and the research. This last one is able to generate new knowledge an inovation for the companies. The economic competition between the European Union and advanced and underdeveloped countries is a permanent challenge.</em> <p class="REDUTEXTORESUMEN"><em>To take it up, the European Union has created the European Research Area as a structuring tool for the research coming from the european countries.</em> <p class="REDUTEXTORESUMEN"><em>The financing of collaborative international research project by the seventh Framework Programme encourage the searchers of various laboratories to collaborate.</em> <p class="REDUTEXTORESUMEN"><em>Like Europe, the states, the institutes define their international research policy. If the international experiences of such institutes is an element of reseachers&nbsp; progress, it is also an opportunity of freedom for their job.</em> <p class="REDURESUMEN"><strong>R&Eacute;SUM&Eacute;</strong> <p class="REDUTITULOARTIGO"><em><strong>La dimension internationale de la recherche</strong></em> <p class="REDUTEXTORESUMEN"><em>Les principales missions de l&rsquo;Universit&eacute; sont la formation et la recherche. Cette derni&egrave;re est source de nouvelles connaissances et d&rsquo;innovation pour les entreprises. La comp&eacute;tition &eacute;conomique que livre l&rsquo;Union Europ&eacute;enne aux pays d&eacute;velopp&eacute;s et les pays en &eacute;mergence est un d&eacute;fi permanent.</em> <p class="REDUTEXTORESUMEN"><em>Pour r&eacute;pondre &agrave; ce challenge, l&rsquo;Union Europ&eacute;enne s&rsquo;est engag&eacute;e dans un processus de structuration et de mutualisation de la recherche des pays membres au sein de l&rsquo;Espace Europ&eacute;en de la Recherche. En finan&ccedil;ant par l&rsquo;interm&eacute;diaire du 7^&egrave;me programme cadre des projets communs de recherche, l&rsquo;Union Europ&eacute;enne incite les chercheurs &agrave; se regrouper pour collaborer.</em> <p class="REDUTEXTORESUMEN"><em>A l&rsquo;instar de l&rsquo;Europe, les Etats, les institutions diverses d&eacute;finissent leur politique de relations internationales en recherche.</em> <p class="REDUTEXTORESUMEN"><em>Si l&rsquo;ouverture internationale est un &eacute;l&eacute;ment de progr&egrave;s et d&rsquo;&eacute;panouissement pour le chercheur, c&rsquo;est aussi un espace de libert&eacute; pour son travail.</em>

Supplementary Material 1. Supplementary file 1: Main characteristics of the district hospitals including in the ITINER'AIRE Study, 2022. Supplementary file 2: ITINER'AIRE survey 2022 form. Supplementary file 3: Time (in days) between first symptoms and arrival at the hospital according to visit or not to a PHC (A) and according to the recommendations of the healthcare system (B), ITINER'AIRE (N = 861). Supplementary File 4: Comparisons of the socio-demographic characteristics of patients according their attendance or not a PHC by countries. Supplementary file 5: Structures visited by children according to whether the illness is perceived by parents as simple or severe, ITINER'AIRE Study 2022 (N = 861).

Abstract Background Delirium is a serious complication in patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Although numerous clinical risk factors have been identified, the immunologic pathways underlying delirium remain unclear. In this retrospective cohort study, we investigated high-dimensional immune signatures in ICU patients to delineate peripheral immune markers associated with delirium. We also explored machine learning (ML) approaches to enhance biomarker discovery and strengthen predictive modelling through synthetic data generation. Methods We studied a cohort of 62 COVID-19 ARDS patients admitted to the ICU at Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland. The primary analysis compared patients within this cohort who developed delirium (n = 39) to those who remained delirium-free (n = 23). As a baseline for disease severity, we also compared the ICU cohort to 55 non-ICU COVID-19 patients and 450 healthy individuals. We performed high-dimensional immunophenotyping of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors using multiplex beads assay, along with immune cell profiling via mass cytometry (CyTOF). Ridge regression has been employed to build classification models. We also generated synthetic samples using beta-variational autoencoders to improve sample size and subsequently model stability. Results Delirious patients exhibited a distinctive immune signature, including elevated CXCL1, CCL11, CXCL13, HGF, and VEGF-A, coupled with reduced IL-1α, IL-21, and IL-22. Alterations in immune cell populations featured increased exhausted B cells and decreases in CXCR3 + CD4 + T cells, IgM + unswitched memory B cells, and HLA-DR + activated T cells. Leveraging these high-dimensional data, we trained ridge regression models to predict delirium. Incorporating synthetic data helped stabilize the models with a best-performing model achieving an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.95, with high sensitivity (93%) and specificity (86%), based on 12 identified markers. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate a distinct immune profile linked to ICU delirium and illustrate how ML can enhance biomarker discovery. Further prospective validation may refine these markers and guide precision-targeted interventions for mitigating delirium in critically ill populations. Graphical Abstract

Supplementary Material 1. Supplementary file 1: Main characteristics of the district hospitals including in the ITINER'AIRE Study, 2022. Supplementary file 2: ITINER'AIRE survey 2022 form. Supplementary file 3: Time (in days) between first symptoms and arrival at the hospital according to visit or not to a PHC (A) and according to the recommendations of the healthcare system (B), ITINER'AIRE (N = 861). Supplementary File 4: Comparisons of the socio-demographic characteristics of patients according their attendance or not a PHC by countries. Supplementary file 5: Structures visited by children according to whether the illness is perceived by parents as simple or severe, ITINER'AIRE Study 2022 (N = 861).

We have experimentally studied the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S and HS‒) and the trisulfur radical ion (S3•‒) in the transport of molybdenum by hydrothermal fluids at 300 °C and 500 bar as a function of pH, redox conditions and sulfur concentration. We combined solubility measurements of molybdenite in hydrothermal reactors using fluid quenching or sampling, with in situ synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments and thermodynamic and molecular modeling. Our solubility and spectroscopic dataset is consistent with the formation of tetrathiomolybdate complex, MoS42‒, in reduced, H2S/HS‒-dominated neutral-to-alkaline pH fluids. A mixed complex with both sulfide and trisulfur radical ion as ligands, MoS3(S3)‒, prevails in more oxidized, acidic-to-neutral pH fluids at the sulfide-sulfate coexistence where S3•‒ is abundant. In both complexes, Mo is nominally hexavalent and in a first-shell tetrahedral coordination with sulfur atoms. The derived equilibrium constants of the formal solubility reactions (log10K): MoS2(s) + 2 H2S0(aq) + 0.5 O2(g) = MoS42‒ + 2 H+ + H2O(liq) , MoS2(s) + H2S0(aq) + S3•‒ + 0.5 O2(g) = MoS3(S3)‒ + H2O(liq) , at 300 °C and 500 bar are 0.5±0.3 and 14.6±0.5, respectively. The solubility of MoS2(s) predicted using these constants aligns well with Mo concentrations measured in natural fluid inclusions in quartz that record S-rich fluids from porphyry-epithermal systems. In contrast, other types of Mo complexes invoked so far (molybdates, alkali ion pairs, oxy-chlorides or oxysulfides) are negligible at such conditions. Thus, trisulfur radical ion complexes may be important carriers of Mo in hydrothermal fluids and would require further systematic investigation across a wide range of temperature and pressure.

NMR titration data of the 15N labeled RRE of PbaB1, with different peptides in 800_PbaB1 folder Series 1-5 PbaA peptide Series 101-107 LppA peptide Series 201-205 PbaA W-15Ypeptide Series 301-305 LppA Y-16W peptide ######################################################### Phylogenetic data in the Phylogenetic data folder: #........................................................... # rre.3024.FASTA Alignment of 3024 RRE domains with consensus sequence and sites, containing >95% gaps removed. Sequence deflines include RRE classification (RRE_LPP/RRE_PAEN/RRE_LASSO for LPP, paeninodins and other lasso). Aligned FASTA format. #........................................................... # rre.3024.ftx.tre Approximate ML tree, reconstructed using "FastTree -gamma -wag" command options. Leaves indicate protein GenBank IDs and RRE classification (RRE_LPP/RRE_PAEN/RRE_LASSO). Newick format. #........................................................... # Prok2311.rre.genes.tab Mapping of RREs to a collection of completely sequenced prokaryotic genomes (see https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-025-02180-8). Columns: 1. Gene ID | NCBI locus tag 2. Genome assembly ID 3. Protein id in the assembly (WP_013528114_1 = WP_013528114.1) 4. GenBank ID of the closest relative in the rre.3024 set 5. RRE classification (RRE_LPP/RRE_PAEN/RRE_LASSO) 6. NCBI taxonomic lineage for the genome assembly ASCII tab-delimited text file. #........................................................... # Prok2311.Bacilli.uxr.tre Approximate ML tree for genomes in the Bacilli clade, reconstructed using 54 nearly universal bacterial COGs. Leaves indicate abbreviated taxonomy of the genome, Genome assembly ID, and, when approproate, classification of RRE genes, present in this genome (RRE_LPP/RRE_PAEN/RRE_LASSO). Internal nodes of the tree have numerical labels. Newick format. #........................................................... # Prok2311.Bacilli.pars.tab Equal-weight maximum parsimony reconstriuction of RRE_LPP and RRE_PAEN genes in Bacilli. Columns: 1. RRE classification (RRE_LPP/RRE_PAEN) 2. Tree node (___N5709 = node #5709 in the Prok2311.Bacilli.uxr.tre or Genome assembly ID for leaves) 3. Gene presence or absence (1/0) 4. Gain, loss or no change (1/-1/0) on the tree edge, leading to the node Only the nodes where the gene(s) are present or lost are shown. ASCII tab-delimited text file.

This paper contributes to debates on sustainable transitions in urban water management by proposing a relational and governance-oriented understanding of river-city interactions. It argues that the sustainability of these interactions does not evolve through discrete socio-technical phases, but rather through overlapping and uneven governance domains that reflect shifting legal, ecological, and political relations. Drawing on political ecology, the paper mobilises the concept of boundary objects to rethink rivers not simply as components of socio-technical systems, but as entities that enable coordination across heterogeneous actors, knowledges, and values, including multispecies concerns. We illustrate this argument through the San Pedro River basin in the metropolitan region of Quito, Ecuador. In this context, the riparian system emerges as a boundary object that challenges dominant urban water regimes by intertwining diverse human actors (laws, municipalities, industries, agricultural sectors, and civil society) with non-human actors such as livestock, microorganisms, and scavenger species. Through this lens, sustainable transitions appear as gradual, multidimensional reconfigurations of governance and justice, rather than as linear transformations of technical systems.

Abstract Background Delirium is a serious complication in patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Although numerous clinical risk factors have been identified, the immunologic pathways underlying delirium remain unclear. In this retrospective cohort study, we investigated high-dimensional immune signatures in ICU patients to delineate peripheral immune markers associated with delirium. We also explored machine learning (ML) approaches to enhance biomarker discovery and strengthen predictive modelling through synthetic data generation. Methods We studied a cohort of 62 COVID-19 ARDS patients admitted to the ICU at Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland. The primary analysis compared patients within this cohort who developed delirium (n = 39) to those who remained delirium-free (n = 23). As a baseline for disease severity, we also compared the ICU cohort to 55 non-ICU COVID-19 patients and 450 healthy individuals. We performed high-dimensional immunophenotyping of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors using multiplex beads assay, along with immune cell profiling via mass cytometry (CyTOF). Ridge regression has been employed to build classification models. We also generated synthetic samples using beta-variational autoencoders to improve sample size and subsequently model stability. Results Delirious patients exhibited a distinctive immune signature, including elevated CXCL1, CCL11, CXCL13, HGF, and VEGF-A, coupled with reduced IL-1α, IL-21, and IL-22. Alterations in immune cell populations featured increased exhausted B cells and decreases in CXCR3 + CD4 + T cells, IgM + unswitched memory B cells, and HLA-DR + activated T cells. Leveraging these high-dimensional data, we trained ridge regression models to predict delirium. Incorporating synthetic data helped stabilize the models with a best-performing model achieving an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.95, with high sensitivity (93%) and specificity (86%), based on 12 identified markers. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate a distinct immune profile linked to ICU delirium and illustrate how ML can enhance biomarker discovery. Further prospective validation may refine these markers and guide precision-targeted interventions for mitigating delirium in critically ill populations. Graphical Abstract

Supplementary material 1.