Institute of Art History

OBJECTIVE: To determine pre-/intraoperative risk factors for anastomotic leak after colon resection for cancer and to create a practical instrument for predicting anastomotic leak risk. BACKGROUND: Anastomotic leak is still the most dreaded complication in colorectal surgery. Many risk factors have been identified to date, but multicentric prospective studies on anastomotic leak after colon resection are lacking. METHODS: Fifty-two hospitals participated in this prospective, observational study. Data of 3193 patients, operated for colon cancer with primary anastomosis without stoma, were included in a prospective online database (September 2011-September 2012). Forty-two pre-/intraoperative variables, related to patient, tumor, surgical procedure, and hospital, were analyzed as potential independent risk factors for anastomotic leak (60-day follow-up). A nomogram was created to easily predict the risk of anastomotic leak for a given patient. RESULTS: The anastomotic leak rate was 8.7%, and widely varied between hospitals (variance of 0.24 on the logit scale). Anastomotic leak significantly increased mortality (15.2% vs 1.9% in patients without anastomotic leak, P < 0.0001) and length of hospitalization (median 23 vs 7 days in uncomplicated patients, P < 0.0001). In the multivariate analysis, the following variables were independent risk factors for anastomotic leak: obesity [P = 0.003, odds ratio (OR) = 2.7], preoperative serum total proteins (P = 0.03, OR = 0.7 per g/dL), male sex (P = 0.03, OR = 1.6), ongoing anticoagulant treatment (P = 0.05, OR = 1.8), intraoperative complication (P = 0.03, OR = 2.2), and number of hospital beds (P = 0.04, OR = 0.95 per 100 beds). CONCLUSIONS: Anastomotic leak after colon resection for cancer is a frequent, relevant complication. Patients, surgical technique, and hospital are all important determining factors of anastomotic leak risk.

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) is a clinicopathologic syndrome comprising isolated eosinophilic inflammation of the esophagus, with symptoms of dysphagia, and possibly, reflux. It was initially described in children, and in recent years, there is a heightened awareness in adults. The etiology is not completely understood. The treatments include dietary manipulation, topical corticosteroids, systemic corticosteroids, Montelukast, and endoscopic dilation. In adults, there are no randomized trials demonstrating the efficacy of any particular treatment, and no prospective studies describing the natural history of the disease following treatment. METHODS: We performed an interval follow-up of patients treated with a swallowed corticosteroid inhaler. We contacted 51 adult patients who were diagnosed with EE and treated with a swallowed corticosteroid inhaler between September 1, 1999, and May 31, 2003. All patients had received 6 wk of treatment with fluticasone 220 mEq/puff, four puffs swallowed twice daily for 6 wk. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients replied (63%) with a mean follow-up duration of 3.3 yr. Ninety-one percent of patients reported recurrent symptoms; a mean of 8.8 months after treatment was completed. Sixty-nine percent of patients repeated treatment with the steroid inhaler at least once. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that EE is a chronic remitting disorder that requires more than one topical steroid treatment course.

OBJECTIVE: Synthesis and maturation of G protein-coupled receptors are complex events that require an intricate combination of processes including protein folding, posttranslational modifications, and transport through distinct cellular compartments. Little is known concerning the regulation of G protein-coupled receptor transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. METHODS AND RESULTS: Here we show that the cytoplasmatic carboxy-terminal of the angiotensin AT2 receptor (AT2R) acts independently as an endoplasmic reticulum-export signal. Using a yeast two-hybrid system, we identified a Golgi membrane-associated protein termed ATBP50 (for AT2R binding protein of 50 kDa) that binds to this motif. We also cloned ATBP60 and ATBP135 encoded by the same gene as ATBP50 that mapped to chromosomes 8p21.3. Downregulation of ATBP50 using siRNA leads to retention of AT2R in inner compartments, reduced cell surface expression, and decreased antiproliferative effects of the receptor. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that ATBP50 regulates the transport of the AT2R to cell membrane by binding to a specific motif within its cytoplasmic carboxy-terminal and thereby enabling the antiproliferative effects of the receptor.

Pigments are among the most important components of historical paintings and textiles and their nature provides the unique character of color. They can be divided into two main groups: inorganic and organic, extracted from plants or animals. Their identification is a necessary stage in the conservation of art objects. Reversed-phase liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and UV/visible spectrophotometric methods were elaborated for the identification of indigoid (indigo, indirubin, isoindigo, isoindirubin) color components of natural dyestuffs and their natural or synthetic precursors (indican, isatin, indoxyl, 2-indolinone). ES-MS offers detection limits in the range 0.03-5.00 microg ml(-1) for the color compounds examined. The method developed made it possible to identify indigo and its isomers in genuine Indian indigo, indigo from woad and Tyrian Purple. It was applied to the identification of natural dyes on fiber from a 19th century Japanese tapestry, 'Cranes in the landscape'. A procedure based on freezing and grinding of a sample before the extraction of dyes from the textile was developed. The components of the extract obtained were identified after acidic hydrolysis as indigotin and methylene blue.

Was the Achaemenid Persian king worshipped as/considered (or intended to be considered) a god? This chapter aims to sketch broad problems and potentials in the study of the nature of Achaemenid kingship today and offer a case study of new possibilities specifically in visual representation through an analysis of the Bisitun Monument of Darius I. The chapter offers a preliminary projection on the nature of Achaemenid art as evidence in the longstanding debate on the divine or not-divine nature of Achaemenid kingship. It reviews selected aspects of this debate and its particular challenges and potentials for further work, as these are set against recent discussions of kingship in closely related fields. The chapter presents a sequence of abbreviated case studies in representation and interpretation, aimed at asserting the importance of an approach to definitions of the divine that circumvents the rigidity and the logocentricity of traditional discourse on the topic. Keywords:achaemenid art; Achaemenid Persian king; Bisitun Monument

An essay is presented on delegated performance in which nonprofessionals are hired to perform at a particular time on behalf of the artist on his or her instructions. The author stated that this social turn started since 1990s in contemporary art against the tradition of 1960s and 1970s where artists like Chris Burden, Vito Acconci and Gina Pane performed themselves. The author referred to the trend of live installation started in Europe in 1990s in which guards for exhibition were hired. The Italian artist Maurizio Cattelan assembled a soccer club of foreigners to play local matches in 1991.

Journal Article Women in Frames, the gaze, the eye, the profile in Renaissance portraiture Get access Patricia simons Patricia simons Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar History Workshop Journal, Volume 25, Issue 1, SPRING 1988, Pages 4–30, https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/25.1.4 Published: 01 March 1988

Nesta obra, o filósofo alemão Eugen Herrigel (1884-1955), procura transmitir um pouco da cultura e do pensamento zen budista aos ocidentais. Trata-se de um livro pouco robusto escrito numa linguagem simples, que traduz os pensamentos do zen para leitores comuns.

Somewhere in central Russia during the height of the Cold War lay an empty field that US intelligence agencies had determined could be used as a makeshift landing strip for Soviet bombers in the ev...

Journal Article Vision, Transformation, and the Veroli Casket Get access Paroma Chatterjee Paroma Chatterjee paromach@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Oxford Art Journal, Volume 36, Issue 3, December 2013, Pages 325–344, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxartj/kct029 Published: 01 December 2013

Introduction I. Moving Images 1. Images of the Prophet Muhammad In and Out of Modernity: The Curious Case of a 2008 Mural in Tehran /Christiane J. Gruber 2. Secular Domesticities, Shiite Modernities: Khomeini's Illustrated Tawzh al-Masail /Pamela Karimi 3. Memory and Ideology: Images of Saladin in Syria and Iraq /Stefan Heidemann 4. You Will (Not) Be Able to Take Your Eyes Off It!: Mass-Mediated Images and Politico-Ethical Reform in the Egyptian Islamic Revival /Patricia Kubala II. Islamist Iconographies 5. The Muslim Crying Boy in Turkey: Aestheticization and Politicization of Suffering in Islamic Imagination /Ozlem Sava 6. The New Happy Child in Islamic Picture Books in Turkey /Umut Azak 7. Sadrabiliyya: The Visual Narrative of Muqtada Al-Sadr's Islamist Politics and Insurgency in Iraq /Ibrahim Al-Marashi 8. The Martyr's Fading Body: Propaganda vs. Beautification in the Tehran Cityscape /Ulrich Marzolph III. Satirical Contestations 9. Pushing Out Islam: Cartoons of the Reform Period in Turkey (1923-1930) /Yasemin Gencer 10. Blasphemy or Critique?: Secularists and Islamists in Turkish Cartoon Images /Pinar Batur and John VanderLippe 11. Naji al-Ali and the Iconography of Arab Secularism /Sune Haugbolle IV. Authenticity and Reality in Trans-National Broadcasting 12. Arab Television Drama Production and the Islamic Public Sphere /Christa Salamandra 13. Saudi-Islamist Rhetorics about Visual Culture /Marwan Kraidy Bibliography Notes on Contributors Index

July 01 2010 Roundtable: The Global Before Globalization Barry Flood, Barry Flood FINBAR BARRY FLOOD is William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Humanities at the Institute of Fine Arts and Department of Art History, New York University. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar David Joselit, David Joselit Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Alexander Nagel, Alexander Nagel ALEXANDER NAGEL is Professor of the History of Art at the Institute of Fine Arts, New York University. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Alessandra Russo, Alessandra Russo ALESSANDRA RUSSO is a professor in the Department of Spanish and Portuguese at Columbia University. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Eugene Wang, Eugene Wang EUGENE WANG is Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Professor of Asian Art at Harvard University. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Christopher Wood, Christopher Wood CHRISTOPHER WOOD is Professor of the History of Art at Yale University. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Mimi Yiengpruksawan Mimi Yiengpruksawan MIMI YIENGPRUKSAWAN is Professor of History of Art at Yale University. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Barry Flood FINBAR BARRY FLOOD is William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Humanities at the Institute of Fine Arts and Department of Art History, New York University. David Joselit Alexander Nagel ALEXANDER NAGEL is Professor of the History of Art at the Institute of Fine Arts, New York University. Alessandra Russo ALESSANDRA RUSSO is a professor in the Department of Spanish and Portuguese at Columbia University. Eugene Wang EUGENE WANG is Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Professor of Asian Art at Harvard University. Christopher Wood CHRISTOPHER WOOD is Professor of the History of Art at Yale University. Mimi Yiengpruksawan MIMI YIENGPRUKSAWAN is Professor of History of Art at Yale University. Online Issn: 1536-013X Print Issn: 0162-2870 © 2010 October Magazine, Ltd. and Massachusetts Institute of Technology2010 October (2010) (133): 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1162/OCTO_a_00001 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Search Site Citation Barry Flood, David Joselit, Alexander Nagel, Alessandra Russo, Eugene Wang, Christopher Wood, Mimi Yiengpruksawan; Roundtable: The Global Before Globalization. October 2010; (133): 3–19. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/OCTO_a_00001 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsOctober Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2010 October Magazine, Ltd. and Massachusetts Institute of Technology2010 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

BACKGROUND: Modern external ring fixation has been hypothesized to reduce complications requiring hospital readmission compared with internal fixation when treating patients with high-energy open tibial shaft fractures. In this study, the 1-year probability of a major limb complication was compared between external and internal fixation of severe open tibial fractures. METHODS: This multicenter randomized clinical trial included patients 18 to 64 years of age with severe open tibial shaft fractures randomly assigned to either modern external ring fixation (n = 127) or internal fixation (n = 133). The primary outcome was a major limb complication within 365 days after randomization; these complications included amputation, infection, a soft-tissue problem, nonunion, malunion, and a loss of reduction/implant failure. RESULTS: Of 260 randomized patients, 254 were included in the final analysis. Their mean age (standard deviation) was 39 (13) years; 214 (84%) were men. The probability of at least 1 major limb complication was higher for external fixation (62.1% [95% confidence interval (CI): 53.4% to 70.8%]) than internal fixation (43.7% [95% CI: 35.5% to 52.9%]), with a risk difference of 18.4% (95% CI: 5.8% to 30.4%); p = 0.005). The most notable difference was in loss of reduction/implant failure, the rate of which was higher for external fixation (risk difference: 14.4% [95% CI: 7.0% to 21.6%]; p = 0.002). There was no appreciable difference in the probability of deep infection between external fixation (26.1%) and internal fixation (29.7%) (risk difference: -3.5% [95% CI: -14.8% to 7.8%]; p = 0.54). There were also no appreciable differences in the probabilities of amputation, nonunion, soft-tissue problems, malunion, or fracture healing between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results argue against routine use of modern external ring fixation for the treatment of these severe open tibial fractures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

August 01 2009 The Third Citizen: On Models of Criticality in Contemporary Artistic Practices Vered Maimon Vered Maimon Vered Maimon teaches art history at Northeastern University. The co-editor of Communities of Sense: Rethinking Aesthetics and Politics (Duke University Press, 2009), Maimon has been a recipient of the J. Paul Getty postdoctoral fellowship in the History of Art and the Humanities. For 2009–2010, she will serve as Zacks Visiting Assistant Professor at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Vered Maimon Vered Maimon teaches art history at Northeastern University. The co-editor of Communities of Sense: Rethinking Aesthetics and Politics (Duke University Press, 2009), Maimon has been a recipient of the J. Paul Getty postdoctoral fellowship in the History of Art and the Humanities. For 2009–2010, she will serve as Zacks Visiting Assistant Professor at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem. Online ISSN: 1536-013X Print ISSN: 0162-2870 © 2009 October Magazine, Ltd. and Massachusetts Institute of Technology2009 October (2009) (129): 85–112. https://doi.org/10.1162/octo.2009.129.1.85 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Vered Maimon; The Third Citizen: On Models of Criticality in Contemporary Artistic Practices. October 2009; (129): 85–112. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/octo.2009.129.1.85 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsOctober Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2009 October Magazine, Ltd. and Massachusetts Institute of Technology2009 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

The nineteenth century saw numerous transfers and attempted transfers of animal populations, mostly as the result of the spread of European agriculture. The exchange of animal populations facilitated by the acclimatization societies that were established in Europe, North America, Australia, among other places, had more complicated meanings. Introduced aliens were often appreciated or deplored in the same terms that were applied to human migrants. Some animal acclimatizations were part of ambitious attempts to transform entire landscapes. Such transfers also broached or blurred the distinction between the domesticated and the wild. The intentional enhancement of the fauna of a region is a forceful assertion of human power. But most planned acclimatizations failed if they moved beyond the drawing board. And those that succeeded also tended to undermine complacent assumptions about human control.

OBJECTIVE: To examine long-term survival and causes of death among working-age patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) compared with the normal population. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Few studies have investigated long-term survival after AP and recurrent AP compared with the normal population; moreover, results from those studies are difficult to compare, due to suboptimal control populations and wide variations in follow-up times. METHODS: This retrospective, registry-based study included 1644 patients with AP, aged 18 to 64 years, admitted to Oulu University Hospital in 1995 to 2012. Patient data were compared with data from 8220 age- and sex-matched controls that resided in the hospital district area. RESULTS: Alcohol was the main etiologic factor causing 71.4% of the cases. During the median follow-up time of 9.5 years, mortality was 24.2% in the study group and 6.3% in the control group (P < 0.001). Alcohol-related factors caused 39.4% of deaths and alcohol AP was the main single cause of death (16.3%) in the study group. Of all fatal AP cases, 42.9% were related to recurrence. Survival was similar among patients with nonalcohol AP and controls. CONCLUSION: The long-term mortality among patients admitted to the hospital due to (mainly alcohol induced) AP was 4 times higher than that in the age- and sex-matched control population. The significant difference in the causes of death between patients with alcohol AP and controls could be explained by alcohol-related diseases. Occurrences of AP without an alcohol etiology had a minimal impact on survival.

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HYPOTHESIS: The optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging modality based on infrared light backscattering properties of tissues. OCT studies documented the disappearance of crypts and the alteration in light backscattering as features of ulcerative colitis (UC) in human colon. This technique should be more and more able to identify tissue microstructures with a resolution that is nearly that of histology (optical biopsy). AIM To evaluate whether there are OCT patterns specific for UC and to compare the overall technique performance with the histology. METHODS A total of 27 patients (20–76 yr) with UC underwent OCT imaging during a total colonoscopy. The OCT images were collected both from affected and normal sites in active UC or disease in remission. Two biopsies of the same sites were acquired. The OCT images were separately scored. Two pathologists blinded to the endoscopic and OCT patterns scored the samples. RESULTS Three OCT patterns were identified: the mucosal backscattering alteration (MBA), the delimited dark areas (DDA), and the layered colonic wall (LCW). In colon affected segments of active and UC in remission, these patterns showed a good correspondence with the histology. Moreover, in 14/25 (56%) normal sites above the affected segment, the OCT documented the pathological features, confirmed only in 10/14 by the histology. Thus, the assessed sensitivity and specificity of OCT in normal segments of UC patients have been 100% and 69%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The in vivo OCT correctly detected disease features in endoscopically affected colon segments, but even in apparently normal segments of UC patients.

The Central Martyrs’ Museum in Tehran is the largest cultural repository in Iran displaying personal items and art relating to individuals who died during the Islamic Revolution (1979) and the Iran–Iraq War (1980–1988). Although scholarship often considers the museum a secular invention of the Enlightenment, this study argues that it also can provide a ceremonial setting that prompts ritual activity. The Martyrs’ Museum, a case in point, reveals how a cultural institution can provide a dramatic field in which visitors engage in communal acts of remembrance and mourning, thereby uniting them into a civic body. Based on analysis of this museum, its layout and displays, and interviews with its staff and visitors, this study explores the institutionalization and aesthetizication of trauma and violence in post-revolutionary Iran with the aim to expand and challenge prevailing theoretical approaches to the concept of “the museum.”

April 01 2008 Feminist Time: A Conversation Rosalyn Deutsche, Rosalyn Deutsche Rosalyn Deutsche is an art historian and critic who teaches at Barnard College. She is the author of Evictions: Art and Spatial Politics (MIT Press, 1996). She has published extensively and lectured internationally on art and democracy, public space, and feminist theory. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Aruna D'Souza, Aruna D'Souza Aruna D'Souza is Assistant Professor of Art History and Women's Studies at Binghamton University. Her book, Cezanne's Bathers: Biography and the Erotics of Paint, was published recently by Penn State University Press (2008). She is currently a fellow at the Clark Art Institute. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Miwon Kwon, Miwon Kwon Miwon Kwon is Associate Professor in the Department of Art History at University of California Los Angeles. She is the author of One Place after Another: Site-Specific Art and Locational Identity (MIT Press, 2002). Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Ulrike Müller, Ulrike Müller Ulrike Müller is an artist living and working in New York and Vienna, Austria. She is a co-editor of the queer feminist journal LTTR. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Mignon Nixon, Mignon Nixon Mignon Nixon is Professor of Art History at the Courtauld Institute of Art, University of London, and an editor of October. Her publications include Fantastic Reality: Louise Bourgeois and a Story of Modern Art (MIT Press/October Books, 2005). Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Senam Okudzeto Senam Okudzeto Senam Okudzeto is a transnational artist, writer, and scholar. Dividing the year between projects in Basel, London, New York, and Accra, she is the founder of the NGO Art in Social Structures, serves on the editorial board of Art Journal, and is a member of the artists' collective Tropical Goth. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Rosalyn Deutsche Rosalyn Deutsche is an art historian and critic who teaches at Barnard College. She is the author of Evictions: Art and Spatial Politics (MIT Press, 1996). She has published extensively and lectured internationally on art and democracy, public space, and feminist theory. Aruna D'Souza Aruna D'Souza is Assistant Professor of Art History and Women's Studies at Binghamton University. Her book, Cezanne's Bathers: Biography and the Erotics of Paint, was published recently by Penn State University Press (2008). She is currently a fellow at the Clark Art Institute. Miwon Kwon Miwon Kwon is Associate Professor in the Department of Art History at University of California Los Angeles. She is the author of One Place after Another: Site-Specific Art and Locational Identity (MIT Press, 2002). Ulrike Müller Ulrike Müller is an artist living and working in New York and Vienna, Austria. She is a co-editor of the queer feminist journal LTTR. Mignon Nixon Mignon Nixon is Professor of Art History at the Courtauld Institute of Art, University of London, and an editor of October. Her publications include Fantastic Reality: Louise Bourgeois and a Story of Modern Art (MIT Press/October Books, 2005). Senam Okudzeto Senam Okudzeto is a transnational artist, writer, and scholar. Dividing the year between projects in Basel, London, New York, and Accra, she is the founder of the NGO Art in Social Structures, serves on the editorial board of Art Journal, and is a member of the artists' collective Tropical Goth. Online ISSN: 1536-0105 Print ISSN: 1526-3819 © 2008 by Grey Room, Inc. and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.2008 Grey Room (2008) (31): 32–67. https://doi.org/10.1162/grey.2008.1.31.32 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Rosalyn Deutsche, Aruna D'Souza, Miwon Kwon, Ulrike Müller, Mignon Nixon, Senam Okudzeto; Feminist Time: A Conversation. Grey Room 2008; (31): 32–67. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/grey.2008.1.31.32 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsGrey Room Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2008 by Grey Room, Inc. and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.2008 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.