Laboratoire d'Economie et de Management de Nantes Atlantique

Transformative artificially intelligent tools, such as ChatGPT, designed to generate sophisticated text indistinguishable from that produced by a human, are applicable across a wide range of contexts. The technology presents opportunities as well as, often ethical and legal, challenges, and has the potential for both positive and negative impacts for organisations, society, and individuals. Offering multi-disciplinary insight into some of these, this article brings together 43 contributions from experts in fields such as computer science, marketing, information systems, education, policy, hospitality and tourism, management, publishing, and nursing. The contributors acknowledge ChatGPT’s capabilities to enhance productivity and suggest that it is likely to offer significant gains in the banking, hospitality and tourism, and information technology industries, and enhance business activities, such as management and marketing. Nevertheless, they also consider its limitations, disruptions to practices, threats to privacy and security, and consequences of biases, misuse, and misinformation. However, opinion is split on whether ChatGPT’s use should be restricted or legislated. Drawing on these contributions, the article identifies questions requiring further research across three thematic areas: knowledge, transparency, and ethics; digital transformation of organisations and societies; and teaching, learning, and scholarly research. The avenues for further research include: identifying skills, resources, and capabilities needed to handle generative AI; examining biases of generative AI attributable to training datasets and processes; exploring business and societal contexts best suited for generative AI implementation; determining optimal combinations of human and generative AI for various tasks; identifying ways to assess accuracy of text produced by generative AI; and uncovering the ethical and legal issues in using generative AI across different contexts.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to be the next phase of the Internet revolution and to transform consumers’ service experience. It nevertheless raises challenges on innovation in services. Based on Ram and Sheth's ( ) theoretical framework, this work attempts to provide a better understanding of the barriers that lead to consumers’ resistance to smart services as an innovation. To this end, our research adopts an integrative framework that combines functional barriers, psychological barriers, and individual barriers to explain consumer resistance to smart services. Structural equation modeling was used to test this theoretical framework. Our research enriches the existing literature by (1) adapting Ram and Sheth's ( ) theoretical framework to the evolution of digital technologies (technological vulnerability barriers), (2) taking into account the ideological aspect of resistance (ideological barriers), and (3) considering dispositional variables (individual barriers). Moreover, it highlights the key role of skepticism toward IoT devices as a mediator between technological vulnerability barriers and individual barriers on the one hand and consumer resistance to smart services on the other.

We develop a flexible framework for the estimation of the fuel consumption-speed curve for ships which allows for speed-dependent elasticity with endogenous thresholds. Using a large dataset of noon reports for 16 crude oil tankers, we estimate the corresponding elasticities net of weather effects. Our empirical findings confirm that the classical cubic law for fuel consumption is valid only near the design speed but also that the sensitivity with regards to sailing speed can be substantially lower at the sailing speeds actually observed. Our results can be used to question the economic and environmental benefits of slow-steaming and fuel levies.

Ports play a critical role in the economies of many countries in the ASEAN region. Efficient ports facilitate a country's imports and exports, and the “relative efficiency” of a port is evaluated based on its efficiency compared to others in its group. This study analyzes the relative efficiencies of 50 ASEAN container ports and terminals. These ports are categorized according to their container handling system and location (those located in a riverbank connected to the sea are called “inland seaports” and those by the seaside are called “seaports”). The traditional output-oriented data envelopment analysis method is applied, and measures of super-efficiency constant returns to scale are estimated in order to compare the units situated on the efficiency frontier. The findings may support port managers in the ASEAN region to make decisions on whether to increase container traffic. In addition, policymakers may consider the evaluation results in deciding whether to improve the trans-ASEAN transport network and ASEAN trade competitiveness.

Whatever answer one gives to the question “Is information technology changing the world?,” the answer contains reasoning about causality. Causal reasoning is central to IS theorizing. This paper focuses on the concept of causal structure, defined by Markus and Robey (1988) as a theorist’s assumptions about causal influences in IS phenomena, and proposes a framework of causal structure, warranted by philosophy and social theory, specialized for the needs of Information Systems scholars. The three dimensions of the framework concern the theorist’s views about the reality and meaning of causation (causal ontology), about that which is changed in causation (causal trajectory), and about the role of humans and/or technology in bringing about the change (causal autonomy). On each dimension, mutually exclusive alternative positions are described, backed by authoritative warrants, and illustrated with IS examples. The framework aims to offer useful insights into the nature of IS theory and the conundrum of theoretical contribution.

International audience

International audience

Purpose This research has three research objectives. First, this research will demonstrate that the link between consumers' attitude towards a region and their intention to purchase products from that region is not direct but indirect. Second, this research will establish that perceived value of regional products and consumers' preference for these products are mediating variables of the relationship between consumers' attitude towards a region and their intention to purchase regional products. Lastly, this research will highlight cognitive (through perceived value) and affective (through preference) routes or paths, from consumers' attitude towards a region to their purchase intention of products from that region. Design/methodology/approach As previous works in the authors’ field of research, the authors conducted a field study, combined with a questionnaire survey. 398 consumers responded to the authors’ questionnaire in a hypermarket (belonging to the retailer Système U) in Vendée (a region in France). The authors measured their attitude towards this region, their preference for regional food products and their purchase intention of these products as well as the perceived value of regional food products. Findings The perceived value of regional products and consumers' preference for these products are full mediating variables of the relationship between consumers' attitude towards a region and their intention to purchase products from that region. Research limitations/implications This research supplements prior works. It shows that the link between consumers' attitude towards a region and their intention to purchase regional products is indirect. Consumers' purchase intention of regional products is not directly attributable to their attitude towards the region of origin of these products. Regional products and their features have to be reintegrated into this equation. Practical implications This study identifies several routes or paths to explain consumers' purchase intention of regional products. A cognitive route or path, from consumers' attitude towards a region to their purchase intention of products from that region, mediates by perceived value. An affective route or path, from consumers' attitude towards a region to their purchase intention of products from that region, mediates by preference. A hybrid path that combines cognitive and affective paths, as this research established a link between perceived value and preference. Originality/value This research foregrounds regional products and their features, too often neglected in favour of consumers and their characteristics.

Etwas von seiner Zeit widmen: ehrenamtliche Tätigkeit in Verbänden Die ehrenamtliche Tätigkeit in einer Organisation ist in Frankreich weit verbreitet, unabhängig davon, ob man Mitglied der Organisation ist oder nicht, denn 28 % der Bevölkerung von über 15 Jahren sind hiervon betroffen. Obwohl die Verbände nicht das Monopol auf diese Form kollektiven Engagements haben, widmen doch die meisten ehrenamtlichen Helfer ihre Zeit zu ihren Gunsten. Die Erhebung des Insee über das Vereinswesen von Oktober 2002 gibt wichtige Aufschlüsse über die ehrenamtliche Tätigkeit, liefert zuweilen sogar völlig neue Erkenntnisse. Sie zeigt, dass die regelmäßigen Helfer zwar in der Minderheit sind, aber dennoch den größten Teil der unentgeltlichen Arbeit leisten. Sport, Kultur und Freizeit sowie die Verteidigung bestimmter Rechte sind das privilegierte Betätigungsfeld der ehrenamtlich tätigen Männer, während die Frauen sich viel eher für Bildung, Religion, aber auch soziale, karitative und humanitäre Aktionen engagieren. Auch der Einfluss bestimmter Faktoren wie religiöser Brauch, Wohngemeinde oder das Vorhandensein von Kindern in der Familie schwankt sehr stark je nach Tätigkeitsbereich. Dagegen ist der positive Effekt der Erstausbildung und des Vorhandenseins einer ehrenamtlichen Tradition in der Familie auf die Mitarbeit in einer Organisation regelmäßiger, ohne allerdings systematisch zu sein. Dem ehrenamtlichen Engagement liegen oftmals viele Motivationen zugrunde, auch wenn sie nicht alle die gleiche Anreizfunktion haben. Der Wunsch, anderen zu helfen, ist der am häufigsten angeführte Grund; aber auch die Suche nach persönlichen Beziehungen wird in fast sechs von zehn Fällen als Hauptgrund oder eher zweiter Grund genannt. In der gemeinsamen Untersuchung über die Profile der ehrenamtlichen Helfer und ihre Motivationen wird die große Vielfalt deutlich, die für die Welt der ehrenamtlichen Tätigkeit kennzeichnend ist. Diese Vielfalt liegt den Schwierigkeiten zugrunde, die bei den Tests der ehrenamtlichen Tätigkeit mittels Wirtschaftsmodellen auftreten, wenn sie anhand hoch aggregierter Daten durchgeführt werden.

Online environment is now part of everyday life. However, trust is still an important issue for online merchants. This explains why there is an increasing interest in "trust busters " by the general consumer. Trust busters entail, among other, a thorough online privacy policy (OPP) that encompasses detailed privacy and security statements. The paper looks at both the views of the consumer and the views of the web merchants in attempting to unravel the problems of privacy on the Net. A sample of 89 French web merchants and a sample of 154 consumers were examined using bivariate analysis. The results show that, even in a government-regulated country such as France, there is still room for improvement in web merchants ' privacy policies. Concerning consumers, an important result is that the perception of reassuring privacy and security statements varies according to browsing intention.

The forthcoming JAIS special issue on “Envisioning Digital Transformation” is predicated on the assumption that theoretical diversity would be a good thing for the IS field. But making sense of theoretical diversity requires either a common frame of reference or crystal clarity about concept definitions and the phenomena to which they point. In this editorial, we argue that the IS field still lacks the conceptual and empirical clarity needed to benefit from theoretical diversity about digital transformation. The digital transformation label has been applied to the evolution of technology, as well as to the evolution of organizations and society. It has been used to refer to change in entities or processes and to processes of change. It has been used to refer to particular technological artifacts and to particular kinds of data and processing power. This type of diversity risks obscuring the value of diverse theoretical formulations. Only through clear distinctions and precise labeling of older and new phenomena can the IS field fully benefit from new theories and theoretical elaborations about digital transformation.

Purpose This paper aims to study the cross-modal correspondence between a visual stimulus (i.e. glossiness), haptic perception and consumers’ reactions (internal responses and behavioral intentions). Design/methodology/approach Using an experimental design, three experimental studies have been conducted to test the effect of a glossy (versus matte) packaging upon the perception of haptic features of a packaging (roughness, thickness and lightness), internal reactions (perceived product quality and product attractiveness) and behavioral intentions (purchase intention and willingness to pay). Findings This paper evidences the significant impact that glossiness bears on the haptic perception of a packaging material as well as upon internal reactions and behavioral intentions. A new conceptual framework combining the SOR model and the cross-modal correspondences is validated. Research limitations/implications The results encourage further research to explore the wide range of potential cross-modal correspondences between visual stimuli and haptic perception. Practical implications The results highlight the critical influence of visual cues for managers, especially for online shopping or advertising. Even if consumers cannot touch the product, it is possible to induce haptic perception through visual cues and to influence the internal reactions and behavioral intentions. Originality/value This research demonstrates that the packaging texture and weight can be visually induced through glossiness.

In this paper we examine the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis using the Ecological Footprint (EF), a more comprehensive indicator of environmental degradation, through a time-series analysis for 15 countries covering the 1961-2007 period. We rst test the EKC hypothesis from traditional linear, quadratic and cubic functions, with standard and logarithmic speci cations. The EKC hypothesis is only supported for Chile and Uruguay with the quadratic functional form. We also nd that most of the countries exhibit a positive linear relationship between the EF and GDP. Finally, we study the long-term relationship between the EF and GDP. The results show evidence of long-term relationship between income and EF for some countries (Brazil, Chile, China, and Uruguay). More particularly, Spain displays a cubic relationship, in an N-shaped function form.

Remerciements à l'éditeur pour son accord de diffusion. L'article original est aussi accessible sur le site de l'éditeur à l'adresse : http://www.halieutique.org/23201b.html

Les reductionnismes economique et sociologique dominants font peu de place a l’action collective et a son emergence. De ce fait, la figure de l’entrepreneur peine aussi a exister sur un plan theorique fondamental. C’est donc en entrant par l’action collective, dans une perspective artificialiste et regulationniste, que nous allons chercher les fondements de la reconnaissance de cette figure. Dans cette perspective, l’action collective, comprise comme construction conjointe des savoirs et des relations, ne peut etre pensee sans recourir au concept de projet comme effort de conception et de regulation de l’action fonde sur l’anticipation. La figure de l’entrepreneur trouve alors sa place a travers les fonctions qu’elle assure sur le double plan de la construction des savoirs et des relations engages dans l’emergence de l’action collective.

BACKGROUND: Lean management practices are increasingly used in hospitals. However, their impacts on staff have not been systematically synthesised. This scoping review aims to synthesise the evidence on the effects of Lean Management practices on frontline healthcare professionals. METHODS: A search was conducted in February 2020 on multiple databases to identify relevant sources. Studies had to satisfy the following inclusion criteria to be considered: published in English or French, peer-reviewed, empirical, studied the use of Lean in a healthcare setting and focused on its impacts on frontline workers. The studies included were heterogeneous in terms of participants. Findings were coded and classified using a thematic analysis. The quality and methodological rigour of the reviewed articles were assessed to establish a level of confidence in their findings. RESULTS: Of 998 identified articles, 17 were included in the review. The findings were coded into four themes: (1) Morale, motivation and job satisfaction (n = 9, 2) work intensification, job strain, anxiety, stress and dehumanisation (n = 7, 3) teamwork, communication and coordination (n = 6); and (4) learning, innovation and personal development (n = 3). Overall, the articles reported positive (n = 11), negative (n = 3) and mixed (n = 3) impacts of Lean on frontline healthcare professionals. CONCLUSION: This review is the first to synthesise and highlight the gaps in the existing literature examining the impacts of Lean on frontline health professionals. The review revealed a range of both positive, negative and mixed effects, and points to the need for more empirical research to identify the underlying reasons leading to these outcomes.

Le thème de la transformation organisationnelle est particulièrement relié à la spécialité des systèmes d’information. Cet article propose une lecture du phénomène de la transformation a partir d’une littérature choisie qu’elle synthétise en quatre thématiques : 1) la nature de l’initiative de transformation, 2) l’écologie de la transformation, 3) le processus de transformation, 4) les résultats de la transformation et leur mesure. Puis il revient sur les théories qui traitent plus directement, mais partiellement, le phénomène pour mieux en dresser les postures, les forces et les manques et situer les travaux présentés dans ce numéro spécial de la revue. Il met en évidence que la recherche sur la transformation organisationnelle doit être renforcée sur les thématiques du processus de transformation auquel ce numéro de Systèmes d’Information et Management contribue particulièrement et sur celle de l’évaluation des résultats et de sa mesure.

This paper provides some insights into the way a fabrication laboratory (FabLab) increases local entrepreneurial capabilities by offering a new and collective way to co-shape novelties based on a bricolage mode of innovation. With an original survey of 48 international FabLabs, it was observed that FabLabs tend to co-produce more unstabilized prototypes or drafts when interacting with small firms, whereas they co-produce more spin-offs and related variety when in a partnership with large firms. Moreover, FabLabs produce more outputs when they are connected to both small and large firms. In other words, the FabLab’s output is sensitive to its industrial partnerships and can be a driver for regional diversification under specific conditions.

This study empirically examines the relationships among residents’ place image, various domains of tourism impacts, and residents’ support for tourism development in an Eastern European city, as well as the role of residents’ socio-demographic characteristics and place attachment. The direct, indirect, and moderating effects were investigated using structural equation modelling and the method suggested by Hayes and Preacher [2010. Estimating and testing indirect effects in simple mediation models when the constituent paths are nonlinear. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 45, 627–660]. The findings show that none of the tourism impacts mediate the relationship between place image and residents’ support for tourism development. Moreover, with respect to Belgrade, perceived economic impacts have the strongest effect on residents’ support, followed by perceived socio-cultural impacts. By assessing the respective contribution of the three tourism impacts simultaneously, the results highlight the weight residents assign to a city’s peculiarities, thus illustrating contextual influences such as post-communist and centrally planned economy legacies.

This article studies the convergence between MOOCs (massive open online courses) and serious games, two new types of information systems designed to improve learning. The aim of this research is to identify the areas of influence in collaborative open training serious games developed by large firms for a significant cost and made available for free to the public and to students according to the same principles as MOOCs. The methodology of this exploratory research is based on Kurt Lewin's (1945) statement “nothing is so practical as a good theory” and takes the opposite view. The deep observation of three serious games from L’Oréal, IBM, and Thales results in a theoretical model with five distinct influence domains of serious games: relations, culture, knowledge, innovation, and desire. This model is then discussed and tested on eight other serious games from major industrial companies such as General Electric, Nestlé, and Cisco. En este artículo se estudia la convergencia entre los MOOC (curso en línea masivo y abierto) y los juegos serios, dos nuevos tipos de sistemas de información diseñados para mejorar el aprendizaje. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar las áreas de influencia en la formación abierta y colaborativa y en los juegos serios desarrollados por grandes empresas por un coste significativo y puestos a disposición del público y los estudiantes de forma gratuita de acuerdo con los mismos principios que los MOOC. La metodología de esta investigación exploratoria se basa en declaración de Kurt Lewin (1945), «no hay nada tan práctico como una buena teoría», y defiende la opinión contraria. La profunda observación de tres juegos serios de L’Oréal, IBM y Thales se traduce en un modelo teórico con cinco dominios de influencia distintos de los juegos serios: relaciones, cultura, conocimiento, innovación y deseo. Este modelo se discutió a continuación y se probó en otros ocho juegos serios de importantes corporaciones industriales, como General Electric, Nestlé y Cisco.