Laboratoire d'études rurales
facilityLyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
Research output, citation impact, and the most-cited recent papers from Laboratoire d'études rurales (France). Aggregated across the NobleBlocks index of 300M+ scholarly works.
Top-cited papers from Laboratoire d'études rurales
Egalement paru dans : Document de travail ; 91-09 WP, INRA-ESR Toulouse
Egalement paru dans : INRA ESR Toulouse Série D, 95-12D
International audience
Egalement paru dans : INRA-ESR Toulouse Série D, 94-12D et 95-11D Diffusion du document : INRA Unité d'Economie et Sociologie rurales CRA Auzeville BP 27 31326 Castanet-Tolosan (FRA) ; (F3 380 (1) (2) (3) /C13 IDEI 44) <br/>94-12D ; 95-11D
Egalement paru dans : INRA-ESR Toulouse Série D ; 92-08D et 94-11D
Egalement paru dans : INRA-ERNA Discussion papers ; 98.04.014
Egalement paru dans : Document de travail IDEI, 54, 1995 Diffusion du document : INRA Unité d'Economie et Sociologie rurales CRA Auzeville BP 27 31326 Castanet-Tolosan (FRA) ; (C13 IDEI 54/F4 530) <br/>54
In this paper, we derive the distribution of willingness to pay for a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)-labelled food product, French Camembert cheese, using scanner data on purchases of Camembert brands in the French national market. Mixed multinomial logit models, where the parameter associated with each observed product attribute is allowed to vary randomly across consumers, are estimated using simulation techniques. The distribution of willingness to pay is expressed as a function of consumer income or age. Our results do not suggest that consumers value the quality signal provided by the PDO label. Indeed, at the same price, only a small proportion of consumers would prefer to buy a similar Camembert brand with a PDO label than without it. Moreover, brand appears to be more relevant information in the consumer's valuation of the available products. Copyright 2001, Oxford University Press.
Bernard Elyakime, Jean Jacques Laffont, Patrice Loisel, Quang Vuong, First-Price Sealed-Bid Auctions with Secret Reservation Prices, Annales d'Économie et de Statistique, No. 34, Économétrie de la concurrence imparfaite / Econometrics of Imperfect Competition (Apr. - Jun., 1994), pp. 115-141
INRA-ESR Toulouse Note de recherche ; 2003-03 Diffusion du document : INRA Unité d'Economie et Sociologie rurales Chemin de Borde Rouge Auzeville BP 27 31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex (FRA) ; (Côte : F5 760) <br/>2003-03
Among crop fruit trees, the apricot (Prunus armeniaca) provides an excellent model to study divergence and adaptation processes. Here, we obtain nearly 600 Armeniaca apricot genomes and four high-quality assemblies anchored on genetic maps. Chinese and European apricots form two differentiated gene pools with high genetic diversity, resulting from independent domestication events from distinct wild Central Asian populations, and with subsequent gene flow. A relatively low proportion of the genome is affected by selection. Different genomic regions show footprints of selection in European and Chinese cultivated apricots, despite convergent phenotypic traits, with predicted functions in both groups involved in the perennial life cycle, fruit quality and disease resistance. Selection footprints appear more abundant in European apricots, with a hotspot on chromosome 4, while admixture is more pervasive in Chinese cultivated apricots. Our study provides clues to the biology of selected traits and targets for fruit tree research and breeding.
We model jointly several types of discrete-choice labour decisions of farm couples: farm work, off-farm work and hired farm labour. Rather than estimating a set of reduced-form participation equations that is subject to an internal inconsistency problem, we estimate a 16-choice multinomial model. We find that farm labour of operators and of spouses are substitutes. Hired farm labour increases with the farmer's qualifications, perhaps substituting for the couple's labour inputs. Other adults in the household substitute for the farm labour input of the farm couple and hired workers. We find that the organisation of work by French farm households has changed over time, in the direction of a more equal sharing of tasks and responsibilities between members of the farm family.
This paper presents a model of retailer-manufacturer interaction that focuses on retail competition between national brands and private labels positioned by retailers to compete with them. The final demand side involves vertical differentiation between the private label (low quality) and the national brand (high quality). It is assumed that production costs for the national brand and the private label differ not only by sunk costs (advertising) but also by marginal costs, and that the marginal cost function is increasing and convex in quality. We study equilibrium price strategies for both agents when the quality of the private label varies and we compute the optimal private label quality from the retailer's point of view. We also determine the effect of the private label on the agents' profits. Our results suggest that the wholesale price of the branded good may increase as the private label good becomes a closer substitute for it. Moreover, introducing a private label reduces the double marginalisation problem in the vertical structural.
Tomato plants ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Capello) were grown in the three most promising and used hydroponic cultivation systems using rockwool and peatmoss substrates and nutrient film technique (NFT), either with or without recovery and recycling of the drainage solutions. Prolonged recycling of nutrient solutions in NFT caused a reduction in fresh weight, dry weight, and yield compared to plants grown in NFT with regular renewal of the nutrient solution. There were no differences in growth, productivity, and leaf mineral composition between plants grown in rockwool and peatmoss systems, with or without recycling, and in the NFT system without recycling. These results suggest that recycling drainage solutions is an economically and environmentally sound horticultural practice that when used correctly does not cause a reduction in yield of tomatoes cultivated in rockwool or peatmoss. However, prolonged use of the same solution in the NFT cultivation system can negatively affect growth and yield. This is most likely due to an accumulation of sulfate ions in the fertigation solutions.
Le phnomne de relocalisation des circuits alimentaires recouvre une diversit de ralits, anciennes et plus innovantes, nommes de diverses faons : circuits courts, de proximit, filires courtes, etc. L'objet de cet article est de proposer un cadre thorique applicable l'ensemble des circuits relevant de la relocalisation. L'tat de l'art concernant les notions existantes ainsi que l'conomie de proximit applique aux circuits alimentaires (re)localiss permettent de construire le concept de circuits de proximit (I). Celui-ci est ensuite mis l'preuve de trois tudes de cas, reprsentant une diversit de circuits et de produits qui y sont commercialiss (II). Les principaux enseignements des tudes de cas montrent l'intrt du concept de circuits de proximit : d'une part, il englobe les objets qui dpassent la dfinition des circuits courts mais qui s'imposent aujourd'hui comme une nouvelle modalit pour relocaliser les filires alimentaires, d'autre part, il saisit le rle des intermdiaires dans le dveloppement des filires localises.
We study the impacts of changes in international trade and domestic transport costs on the internal geography of countries in the presence of geographical asymmetries. To do so, we develop a two-country four-region model in which one country has a region that exhibits a ‘geographical advantage’ in terms of better access to the other country's markets. Our analysis reveals that, in equilibrium, the space-economies of the trading partners are interdependent and that agglomeration in one country reduces the occurrence of agglomeration in the other, thus showing that physical geography suffices to build strong connections between the two space-economies. We also show that remoteness need not be a geographical disadvantage since a landlocked region may well be the location that attracts the larger share of firms. This is so when internal transport costs are high and, therefore, act as a barrier to competition from abroad.
Organic farming is increasingly recognized as a prototype for sustainable agriculture. Its \nguidelines ban the use of artificial fertilizers. However, organic farms may import nutrients \nfrom conventional farming through material exchanges. In this study, we aimed at estimating \nthe magnitude of these flows through the quantification of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium \ninflows from conventional farming to organic farming. Material inflows and outflows were \ncollected for two cropping years on 63 farms. The farms were located in three French \nagricultural districts distributed over a gradient of farming activity defined by both the \nstocking rate and the ratio of the farm area under arable crops. Our results showed that on \naverage, inflows from conventional farming were 23%, 73% and 53% for nitrogen, \nphosphorus and potassium, respectively. These inflows were strongly determined by the farm \nproduction systems. However, for farms similar in terms of production systems, the inflows \nalso depended on the local context, such as the proximity of organic livestock farms: the \nreliance of organic farming on conventional farming was lower in mixed than in specialized \ndistricts. These results highlight the necessity to quantify the contribution of nutrient inflows \nfrom conventional farming when assessing organic farming and development scenarios.
Abstract Agroecology is identified as an important solution to increase the sustainability of agricultural and food systems. Despite the increasing number of publications assessing the socio-economic outcomes of agroecology, very few studies have consolidated the scattered results obtained on various case studies. This paper provides new insights by consolidating evidence on the varied socio-economic effects of agroecology across a large number of cases at a global level. To this purpose, we used a rapid review methodology, screening more than 13,000 publications to retrieve evidence on the socio-economic outcomes of the implementation of agroecological practices. The results of the review indicate that (1) agroecological practices are associated more often with positive socio-economic outcomes across the broad range of evaluated metrics (51% positive, 30% negative, 10% neutral, and 9% inconclusive outcomes); (2) the socio-economic metrics associated with financial capital represent the vast majority of evaluated metrics (83% of total) and are affected positively in a large share of cases (53%), due to favourable outcomes on income, revenues, productivity and efficiency; (3) human capital metrics (16%) are associated with a larger number of negative outcomes (46% versus 38% positive), due to higher labour requirements and costs that are however partly compensated by an overall greater number of positive outcomes on labour productivity (55%); and (4) the results vary depending on the agroecological practice assessed; e.g. for agroforestry, we identify 53% positive outcomes while for cropping system diversification 35%. These results indicate an overall favourable potential for farms to benefit from a positive socio-economic performance with the use of agroecological practices. Yet, the magnitude, temporal aspects, and success factors related to these outcomes, as well as the trade-offs between them, and the system-level effects of an agroecological transition are to be further assessed, since they can have an important influence on the performance of individual farms.
Cross-resistance to molecules used in endocrine therapy is among the main challenges in the treatment of estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) positive breast cancer. In this study, we used two different cell models of resistance to anti-estrogens: MVLN/CL6.7 cells and VP229/VP267 cells selected after exposure to tamoxifen respectively in vitro and in vivo to characterize a phenotype rarely observed, i.e. acquisition of cross-resistance to the pure ER antagonist fulvestrant. As MVLN/CL6.7 cells and VP229/VP267 cell lines are original and valuable models of cross-resistance to tamoxifen and fulvestrant, we examined candidate genes using a RTQ-PCR strategy to identify new biomarkers of endocrine resistance. Out of the 26 candidate genes tested, 19 displayed deregulation of expression at the basal level in at least one of the two resistant cell lines. Eight genes (TACC1, NOV, PTTG1, MAD2L1, BAK1, TGFB2, BIRC5, and CCNE2) were significantly overexpressed in samples from ER-positive breast cancer patients who relapsed after tamoxifen treatment (n=24) compared with samples from patients who did not (n=24). Five genes (TACC1, NOV, PTTG1, BAK1, and TGFB2) were correlated with significantly shorter relapse-free survival (univariate analysis). Finally, we identified TACC1 and a three-gene expression signature (TACC1, NOV, and PTTG1) as independent prognostic markers (multivariate analysis). Aberrant mRNA and protein levels of TACC1, NOV, and PTTG1 were also observed under tamoxifen and/or fulvestrant exposure in resistant CL6.7 cells compared with their respective control MVLN cells. In conclusion, our data identify TACC1, NOV, and PTTG1 as promising new markers that could be used in the clinical management of ER-positive breast cancer patients.
Egalement paru dans : INRA-ESR Toulouse Série D ; 92-04D et 94-04D