Lachine Hospital

Copper formate complexes with various primary amines, secondary amines and pyridines were prepared, and their decomposition into conductive films was characterized. A comparison of the various complexes reveals that the temperature of thermolysis depends on the number of hydrogen bonds that can be formed between the amine and formate ligands. The particle size resulting from sintering of the copper complexes is shown to depend on the fraction of amine ligand released during the thermolysis reaction. The particle size in turn is shown to govern the electrical properties of the copper films. Correlations between the properties of the amines, such as boiling point and coordination strength, with the morphology and electrical performance of the copper films were established and provide a basis for the molecular design of copper formate molecular inks.

We report three cases with unilateral thalamic ischemic lesions that resulted in lasting material-specific memory impairments and concomitant selective frontal lobe-related cognitive deficits. In two cases the lesions were limited to the left thalamus, and in the third the right thalamus was involved. These deficits were associated with ipsilateral diencephalic, striatal, and dorsolateral prefrontal hypoperfusion. The damage implicated the ventral anterior nucleus, the mamillothalamic tract, and the rostroventral internal medullary lamina. These findings suggest that medial thalamic damage involving the ventral and rostral sector of the dorsal thalamus will concurrently affect functionally and neurally distinct limbodiencephalic pathways and diencephalic connections with the frontal cortex. A review of the neuropsychological and neuroimaging findings from previously reported cases with vascular lesions of the thalamus further supports this contention. The presence of frontal lobe-related cognitive deficits, though not obligatorily related to the memory problems, may contribute to some aspects of the memory deficits and affect the nature of the memory disorder observed in some cases with diencephalic amnesia.

A major research priority for HIV eradication is the elucidation of the events involved in HIV reservoir establishment and persistence. Cell-to-cell transmission of HIV represents an important area of study as it allows for the infection of cell types which are not easily infected by HIV, leading to the establishment of long-lived viral reservoirs. This phenomenon enables HIV to escape elimination by the immune system. This process may also enable HIV to escape suppressive effects of anti-retroviral drugs. During cell-to-cell transmission of HIV, a dynamic series of events ensues at the virological synapse that promotes viral dissemination. Cell-to-cell transmission involves various types of cells of the immune system and this mode of transmission has been shown to have an important role in sexual and mother-to-child transmission of HIV and spread of HIV within the central nervous system and gut-associated lymphoid tissues. There is also evidence that cell-to-cell transmission of HIV occurs between thymocytes and renal tubular cells. Herein, following a brief review of the processes involved at the virological synapse, evidence supporting the role for cell-to-cell transmission of HIV in the maintenance of the HIV reservoir will be highlighted. Therapeutic considerations and future directions for this area of research will also be discussed.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare nasal mucosal contact, septal deviation and caudal aberrant nasal turbinates in brachycephalic and normocephalic dogs using computed tomography. METHODS: Dogs without nasal disease and having undergone computed tomography scan of the head (plica alaris to the cribiform plate) were retrospectively selected and divided into brachycephalic and normocephalic groups. Eighteen brachycephalic and 32 normocephalic dogs were included. Anatomic criteria were used to locate predetermined pairs of intranasal structures and nasal mucosal contact was described as present or absent for each site. Septal deviations were identified and measured using angle of septal deviation. Caudal aberrant nasal turbinates were identified and categorised when present. RESULTS: Prevalence of nasal mucosal contact was significantly higher in brachycephalic dogs. No significant difference was seen in prevalence or in angle of septal deviation between groups. Prevalence of caudal aberrant nasal turbinates was significantly higher in brachycephalic dogs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Nasal mucosal contact and caudal aberrant nasal turbinates were significantly more prevalent in brachycephalic dogs than in normocephalic dogs in our study. Computed tomography can be a valuable aid in obtaining data on nasal mucosal contact, caudal aberrant nasal turbinates and septal deviations. Combination of computed tomography with endoscopy and functional airway testing would be useful to further evaluate the correlation between intranasal features and symptoms of brachycephalic airway syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Low-grade intestinal T-cell lymphoma (LGITL) is the most common intestinal neoplasm in cats. Differentiating LGITL from lymphoplasmacytic enteritis (LPE) is challenging because clinical signs, laboratory results, diagnostic imaging findings, histology, immunohistochemistry, and clonality features may overlap. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate possible discriminatory clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic features to differentiate LGITL from LPE. ANIMALS: Twenty-two cats diagnosed with LGITL and 22 cats with LPE based upon histology, immunohistochemistry, and lymphoid clonality. METHODS: Prospective, cohort study. Cats presented with clinical signs consistent with LGITL or LPE were enrolled prospectively. All data contributing to the diagnostic evaluation was recorded. RESULTS: A 3-variable model (P < .001) consisting of male sex (P = .01), duration of clinical signs (P = .01), and polyphagia (P = .03) and a 2-variable model (P < .001) including a rounded jejunal lymph node (P < .001) and ultrasonographic abdominal effusion (P = .04) were both helpful to differentiate LGITL from LPE. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Most clinical signs and laboratory results are similar between cats diagnosed with LGITL and LPE. However, male sex, a longer duration of clinical signs and polyphagia might help clinicians distinguish LGITL from LPE. On ultrasonography, a rounded jejunal lymph node, and the presence of (albeit small volume) abdominal effusion tended to be more prevalent in cats with LGITL. However, a definitive diagnosis requires comprehensive histopathologic and phenotypic assessment.

Traditionally, the role of primary care providers (pcps) across the cancer care trajectory has focused on prevention and early detection. In combination with screening initiatives, new and evolving treatment approaches have contributed to significant improvements in survival in a number of cancer types. For Canadian cancer survivors, the 5-year survival rate is now better than it was a decade ago, and the survivor population is expected to reach 2 million by 2031. Notwithstanding those improvements, many cancer survivors experience late and long-term effects, and comorbid conditions have been noted to be increasing in prevalence for this vulnerable population. In view of those observations, and considering the anticipated shortage of oncology providers, increasing reliance is being placed on the primary care workforce for the provision of survivorship care. Despite the willingness of pcps to engage in that role, further substantial efforts to elucidate the landscape of high-quality, sustainable, and comprehensive survivorship care delivery within primary care are required. The present article offers an overview of the integration of pcps into survivorship care provision. More specifically, it outlines known barriers and potential solutions in five categories: ■ Survivorship care coordination■ Knowledge of survivorship■ pcp-led clinical environments■ Models of survivorship care■ Health policy and organizational advocacy.

Upon discontinuation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals experience a brisk rebound in blood plasma viremia due to the exodus of HIV from various body reservoirs. Assessment of HIV dynamics during HAART and following treatment discontinuation is essential to better understand HIV persistence. Here we will first provide a brief overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in HIV reservoir formation and persistence. After a summary of HAART-mediated HIV decay within peripheral blood, we discuss findings from clinical studies examining the effects of HAART initiation and interruption on HIV reservoir dynamics in major anatomical compartments, including lymph nodes and spleen, gut associated lymphoid tissue, reproductive organs, the central nervous system, and the lungs. Features contributing to these reservoirs as distinct compartments, including anatomical features, the presence of drug transporters, and the effect of co-infection, are also discussed.

The inframammary approach in breast augmentation, still the most popular technique among plastic surgeons, has always been hampered by the undesirable appearance of its scar. The present paper describes a modified approach to inframammary augmentation with saline-filled prostheses. This approach uses a very short incision, thus resulting in a much less noticeable scar. The surgical technique is easy to learn, simple to execute, does not necessitate any special equipment and gives consistent results. Decreasing the scar length to an absolute minimum ensures higher patient and surgeon satisfaction.

Palliative care (pc) is a fundamental component of the cancer care trajectory. Its primary focus is on "the quality of life of people who have a life-threatening illness, and includes pain and symptom management, skilled psychosocial, emotional and spiritual support" to patients and loved ones. Palliative care includes, but is not limited to, end-of-life care. The benefits of early introduction of pc services in the care trajectory of patients with advanced cancer are well known, as indicated by improved quality of life, satisfaction with care, and a potential for increased survival. In turn, early referral of patients with advanced cancer to pc services is strongly recommended. So when, how, and why should patients with advanced cancer be referred to pc services? In this article, we summarize evidence to address these questions about early pc referral: ▪ What are the known benefits?▪ What is the "ideal" pc referral timing?▪ What are the barriers?▪ Which strategies can optimize integration of pc into oncology care?▪ Which communication tools can facilitate skillful introduction of pc to patients?

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (TB-DILI) is the most common adverse event necessitating therapy interruption. The optimal re-challenge strategy for antituberculous therapy (ATT) remains unclear, especially in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infected individuals in high-prevalence settings such as South Africa. OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of and risk factors for the recurrence of TB-DILI with different ATT re-challenge strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients managed for TB-DILI from 2005 to 2013 at King Edward VIII Hospital in Durban, South Africa. Relevant clinical and laboratory data at the presentation of TB-DILI, time to recovery of liver function, method of ATT re-challenge and outcome of re-challenge were documented. RESULTS: 1016 charts were reviewed, and 53 individuals with TB-DILI (48 HIV-co-infected) were identified. Following discontinuation of ATT, the median time to alanine aminotransferase normalization was 28 days (interquartile range 13-43). Forty-two subjects were re-challenged (30 regimen re-challenges and 12 step-wise re-challenges). 5 (12%) cases of recurrent TB-DILI were noted. Recurrences were not associated with the method of re-challenge. CONCLUSION: Based on the data available, it appears that full ATT can be safely restarted in the majority of subjects with a recurrence of DILI occurring in about 12% of subjects. The method of re-challenge did not appear to impact on the risk of recurrence. Ideally, a prospective randomized trial is needed to determine the best method of re-challenge.

The paper has analysed the state-of-art technology for a solar photovoltaic distributed energy source appliance. The success of implementation of photovoltaic (PV) power project is increased when PV module system is integrated with building design process and is used as multi purpose appliance for use with building elements. The improvement in overall system efficiency of building integrated PV modules embedded in building façade is achieved by minimizing and capturing energy losses. A novel solar energy utilisation technology for generation of electric and thermal power is presented by integration of ventilation and solar photovoltaic device with the heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) system. The testing appliance named as photovoltaic duct wall was a wooden frame assembly of double wall with air ventilation: two adjacent glass coated PV modules, air column, plywood board filled with polystyrene and dampers. The measurement data is collected from various sensors to read measurements of solar intensity, ambient air temperature, room air temperature, electric power, surface temperatures of PV modules and plywood board, air velocities and air temperatures in the air column. The enhancement in the air velocity of the air column is fulfilled with an exhaust fan fixed in an outdoor room. The simulation model is used to perform the two dimensional energy analyses with applied one dimensional solution of steady state heat conduction equations. The bases of simulation model are conjugating energy travel paths with network boundary conditions of convection, radiation exchange, heat storage ca- pacity, thermal storage capacity and heat transport.

Although radiation therapy is a common treatment for head and neck cancer, osteoradionecrosis (ORN) represents a major complication during or after treatment. Hyperbaric oxygen is often mentioned as a prophylactic and therapeutic treatment for ORN. In this article, we review the literature on hyperbaric oxygen therapy in head and neck irradiated patients. The widespread use of such therapy for the prevention and treatment of ORN appears to be based mainly on personal beliefs and experience, as no consensus exists in the scientific literature about its efficacy. Randomized controlled trials are, thus, needed to assess the real impact of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in head and neck irradiated patients. More fundamental research is also needed to clarify the pathophysiology of ORN, which in turn would help identify appropriate treatments.

Abstract. A study was made as to the time of development of lymphocytotoxic antibodies in uremic patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. Forty‐one subjects, who did not have such antibodies at the beginning of the treatment, were followed for periods of 3 to 18 months. Each patient was dialyzed twice a week and at each dialysis was exposed to at least 2 units of whole blood, which were used chiefly to prime the dialysis coil. Monthly serum samples were examined for lymphocytotoxic antibodies. The frequency of antibody development in these patients was found to be 0% at 3 months, 17,5% at 6 months, 38.6% at 1 year and 59.6% at 1½2 years from the commencement of hemodialysis.

BACKGROUND: Protection of public health from rabies is informed by the analysis of surveillance data from human and animal populations. In Canada, public health, agricultural and wildlife agencies at the provincial and federal level are responsible for rabies disease control, and this has led to multiple agency-specific data repositories. Aggregation of agency-specific data into one database application would enable more comprehensive data analyses and effective communication among participating agencies. In Québec, RageDB was developed to house surveillance data for the raccoon rabies variant, representing the next generation in web-based database applications that provide a key resource for the protection of public health. RESULTS: RageDB incorporates data from, and grants access to, all agencies responsible for the surveillance of raccoon rabies in Québec. Technological advancements of RageDB to rabies surveillance databases include (1) automatic integration of multi-agency data and diagnostic results on a daily basis; (2) a web-based data editing interface that enables authorized users to add, edit and extract data; and (3) an interactive dashboard to help visualize data simply and efficiently, in table, chart, and cartographic formats. Furthermore, RageDB stores data from citizens who voluntarily report sightings of rabies suspect animals. We also discuss how sightings data can indicate public perception to the risk of racoon rabies and thus aid in directing the allocation of disease control resources for protecting public health. CONCLUSIONS: RageDB provides an example in the evolution of spatio-temporal database applications for the storage, analysis and communication of disease surveillance data. The database was fast and inexpensive to develop by using open-source technologies, simple and efficient design strategies, and shared web hosting. The database increases communication among agencies collaborating to protect human health from raccoon rabies. Furthermore, health agencies have real-time access to a wide assortment of data documenting new developments in the raccoon rabies epidemic and this enables a more timely and appropriate response.

Abstract Due to the extreme conditions experienced in gas turbine engines, especially aero-derivative type engines, internal components need to be protected against adverse effects in order to maintain component integrity and engine performance between overhauls. Among these adverse conditions are wear in the form of friction and fretting, erosion and various forms of corrosion. This paper focuses on fretting wear. To reduce coating costs, shorten the dwell time, and provide additional options for the repair of industrial gas turbine components, it presents a comprehensive study initiated by Rolls-Royce to determine the feasibility of the Sulzer Metco HVOF process as an alternative to the evaluate the D-Gun process. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that tungsten carbide and chromium carbide sprayed with the Diamond Jet Hybrid can be used successfully as coating alternatives to the D-Gun. Paper includes a German-language abstract.

Fifty-seven women attending a menopause clinic were evaluated for psychological, social, and sexual aspects of postmenopause through a self-administered questionnaire given at 6-month intervals. The women were put on either estradiol valerate/cyproterone acetate or conjugated estrogen/medroxyprogesterone acetate combinations or no treatment. After 12 months, the Psychiatric Symptom Index global and anxiety scores improved significantly in both treatment groups but not in the control group. The depression score improved in both treated groups but did not reach statistical significance in the estradiol valerate/cyproterone acetate group. Cognition and hostility scores improved in all groups during the trial but the improvement in the treated groups was not different from that observed in the control group. Health parameters remained constant and stress did not change significantly. Sexual parameters remained unchanged. This study shows that hormonal replacement therapy plays a role in the improvement of psychological aspects of menopause.

Abstract This article presents a project consisting of implementing project management and systems engineering processes at CSinTrans Inc. (CSiT), a Canadian company founded in 2011. CSiT provides multi‐modal transit information systems as well as information integration to the transit industry worldwide. The Basic profile of the ISO/IEC 29110 for systems engineering has been used as the main reference for the development of these processes. The reasons that prompted CSiT to implement the ISO/IEC 29110 are mentioned. The approach and details on how the standard has been implemented are presented. The lessons learned are described. CSiT developed three process groups to match the attributes of projects such as size and nature. The selection of tools to support the processes is discussed. Third‐party audits, conducted annually since 2016, that led CSiT to become the first systems engineering company successfully audited with ISO/IEC 29110, are presented as well as the benefits obtained. ISO/IEC 29110 has helped raise the maturity of the organization by implementing proven practices and developing consistent work products from one project to another. ISO/IEC 29110 was a good starting point to align processes with specific practices of CMMI ® Maturity Levels 2 and 3. ISO/IEC 29110 has also helped CSiT in developing light processes as well as remaining flexible and quick in its ability to respond to its customers. To illustrate the implementation of the Basic profile of ISO/IEC 29110 in other engineering domains, this article briefly presents the implementation in the automotive, agriculture, aeronautic, nuclear and space domains in 6 enterprises of France in 2018.

The number of cancer cases in Canada is projected to be 79% higher in 2028–2032 than it was in 2003–2007[...].

Optimization of fabric structure for protective garment systems or glove liners requires knowledge of liquid penetration through fibrous materials also known as absorbency. To obtain reproducible absorbency results, liquid-sample contacting conditions are to be carefully monitored. A test equipment for measuring spontaneous uptake of liquids by fibrous materials has been developed which allows to control the conditions for initial contact between sample and the liquid. By continuously monitoring the approach of liquid to the sample surface and mass changes due to absorption, the first instance of liquid-sample contact and the initial uptake of liquid is simultaneously recorded on a sub-second time scale. Preliminary experimental data reported in this paper indicate that for reproducible absorbency test results initial contacting conditions should be properly established.

This paper identifies typical issues and their remedies during lab-scale 3D printing of Portland cement-steel slag blended mortars. This study used a printer with an accelerator in its feeding system immediately before the extrusion stage. Accelerator dosage can be regulated for such a printer even during printing. However, a higher or lower than optimum dosage may lead to excessive flow or dry surface with a potential risk of cracking in the individual layers. Through the current study, two hollow cylindrical geometry and one hollow square geometry were printed. The print quality was evaluated by investigating various variables, such as considering two superplasticizers with different open times and using constant and variable accelerator dosages during printing. The compatibility of superplasticizers was found to affect the open time and, hence, the print quality with layer shortening and breaking. Changes in accelerator dosage during printing to compensate for the changing rheology were similarly notable, especially in terms of inconsistencies in printed layers. However, the use of a compatible superplasticizer was determined to mitigate both issues. Additionally, shrinkage-reducing admixture was recommended for mortars to avoid cracking due to early-age drying shrinkage.