Mold Community Hospital

Recent experiments suggest that short fibers in concentrated suspensions align more slowly as a function of strain than models based on Jeffery’s equation predict. We develop an objective model that captures the slow orientation kinetics exhibited by short-fiber suspensions. The standard moment-tensor equation of fiber orientation is used to find equations for the change rates of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the orientation tensor. As a phenomenological assumption, the growth rates of the eigenvalues are reduced by a constant scalar factor, while the rotation rate expressions for the eigenvectors are unchanged. The eigenvalue/eigenvector equations are then reassembled as a tensor equation. An equivalent kinetic theory is also developed. The new model is tested in a variety of flows, and found to exhibit slower kinetics than the standard model but similar steady-state orientations. The model provides an excellent fit to the shear stress transient in a shear reversal experiment with a 30% glass fiber filled polybutylene terephthalate resin melt, and we show how this experiment can be used to determine the parameters of the model.

Abstract Accurate sea-level reconstruction is critical in understanding the drivers of coastal evolution. Inliers of shallow marine limestone and aeolianite are exposed as zeugen (carbonate-capped erosional remnants) on the southern coast of the Arabian/Persian Gulf. These have generally been accepted as evidence of a eustatically driven, last-interglacial relative sea-level highstand preceded by a penultimate glacial-age lowstand. Instead, recent optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating suggests a last glacial age for these deposits, requiring >100 m of uplift since the last glacial maximum in order to keep pace with eustatic sea-level rise and implying the need for a wholesale revision of tectonic, stratigraphic and sea-level histories of the Gulf. These two hypotheses have radically different implications for regional neotectonics and land–sea distribution histories. Here we test these hypotheses using OSL dating of the zeugen formations. These new ages are remarkably consistent with earlier interpretations of the formations being last interglacial or older in age, showing that tectonic movements are negligible and eustatic sea-level variations are responsible for local sea-level changes in the Gulf. The cause of the large age differences between recent studies is unclear, although it appears related to large differences in the measured accumulated dose in different OSL samples.

The Parallel Coordinates plot is a popular tool for the visualization of high-dimensional data. One of the main challenges when using parallel coordinates is occlusion and overplotting resulting from large data sets. Brushing is a popular approach to address these challenges. Since its conception, limited improvements have been made to brushing both in the form of visual design and functional interaction. We present a set of novel, smart brushing techniques that enhance the standard interactive brushing of a parallel coordinates plot. We introduce two new interaction concepts: Higher-order, sketch-based brushing, and smart, data-driven brushing. Higher-order brushes support interactive, flexible, n-dimensional pattern searches involving an arbitrary number of dimensions. Smart, data-driven brushing provides interactive, real-time guidance to the user during the brushing process based on derived meta-data. In addition, we implement a selection of novel enhancements and user options that complement the two techniques as well as enhance the exploration and analytical ability of the user. We demonstrate the utility and evaluate the results using a case study with a large, high-dimensional, real-world telecommunication data set and we report domain expert feedback from the data suppliers.

Breeding sites, including beach environment and topography, play a significant role in the causes of death of grey seal ( Halichoerus grypus ) pups, in particular the incidence of starvation, peritonitis/navel ill, other infectious diseases and injuries as a result of adult‐pup interactions. The bacteria involved are opportunistic invaders. A wide and differing sex ratio in dead pups was found on different beaches and this has not been satisfactorily explained.

The paper addresses the mathematical modelling of the formation of a pointed drop in a four-roller mill, observed by Taylor (1934) in the Cavendish Laboratory. Since the experiments were carried out with drops of small diameter compared to the mill size, the method of matched asymptotic expansions is applicable. A two-dimensional Stokes flow generated by the rotating rollers in the mill but with no drop effect (outer problem) is computed numerically by a boundary-element method. The local expansion of that flow at the centre of the mill, where the drop is to be positioned, is used as a far field for the flow around the drop in unbounded fluid (inner problem). Employing a plane-flow model and using complex-variable techniques, the explicit solutions previously obtained by the author are adapted to the inner problem. It is proved that, with an increasing rotation rate of the rollers, the drop does develop two apparent cusps on the interface, and its shapes have striking similarities with Taylor's experiments. Response diagrams showing the drop distortion versus the elongational strain demonstrate that these are one-to-one function of each other if the drop diameter is greater than a critical value determined by the size of the mill but cease to be one-to-one otherwise. This behaviour is identified with a sudden transition from a rounded drop to a cusped one at a critical strain.

Although working within forensic services can often prove emotionally challenging and stressful, there has been a surprising lack of research into potential interventions aimed at addressing stress and burnout experienced by forensic health care professionals (FHCPs). This study investigated the role of coping and dispositional mindfulness on stress and burnout among FHCPs employed within secure hospitals. One hundred and fifty-one FHCPs were recruited from five different low and medium secure hospitals (secure psychiatric units) in Wales. A postal research pack was used to collect background information and measures of coping, dispositional mindfulness, stress, and burnout. The study found that FHCPs reported elevated levels of stress and moderate levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization but retained a positive sense of personal accomplishment. Higher mindfulness skills were found to be significantly associated with lower levels of maladaptive coping, stress, and burnout. Higher levels of maladaptive coping significantly predicted elevated levels of stress and emotional exhaustion and lower levels of personal accomplishment. In relation to mindfulness, higher levels of acting with awareness significantly predicted lower levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. The results appeared to support the commonly held assertion that forensic services can be stressful and emotionally challenging working environments, which can cause FHCPs to experience elevated levels of burnout and stress. Higher levels of dispositional mindfulness were significantly associated with lower maladaptive coping, stress, and burnout levels, therefore mindfulness based interventions could prove to be viable strategies to help support FHCPs. The results also suggested that higher levels of acting with awareness may help prevent FHCPs from experiencing emotional exhaustion and depersonalization.

Women resident in an area heavily contaminated by spoil from old lead mining have blood lead concentrations that are about 50% higher (p less than 0.001) than those of women living in a "control" area some distance away. Blood lead concentrations were related to the consumption of home grown produce. Those with the highest consumptions had blood lead concentrations that were 28% higher (p less than 0.001) than those of women who consumed no locally grown vegetables. Nevertheless, in the total population in the area this effect seemed likely to account for only about 5% of the population mean blood lead concentration. The data suggested that an increase in soil lead of 1000 micrograms/g is associated with an increase in blood lead of about 0.20 microM/1 (4.2 micrograms/dl).

Wound healing is a complex and lengthy physiological process that involves a number of different cells, hormones and inter-related factors. This paper reviews the changes in this process that lead to the formation of abnormal scarring.

Glyphs representing complex behavior provide a useful and common means of visualizing multivariate data. However, due to their complex shape, overlapping, and occlusion of glyphs is a common and prominent limitation. This limits the number of discreet data tuples that can be displayed in a given image. Using a real-world application, glyphs are used to depict agent behavior in a call center. However, many call centers feature thousands of agents. A standard approach representing thousands of agents with glyphs does not scale. To accommodate the visualization incorporating thousands of glyphs we develop clustering of overlapping glyphs into a single parent glyph. This hierarchical glyph represents the mean value of all child agent glyphs, removing overlap and reduTcing visual clutter. Multi-variate clustering techniques are explored and developed in collaboration with domain experts in the call center industry. We implement dynamic control of glyph clusters according to zoom level and customized distance metrics, to utilize image space with reduced overplotting and cluttering. We demonstrate our technique with examples and a usage scenario using real-world call-center data to visualize thousands of call center agents, revealing insight into their behavior and reporting feedback from expert call-center analysts.

In the United Kingdom alone, there are over one million employees working at over 5,000 call centres. Some estimates claim approximately four million call centre employees in Europe. In this unique application paper we present methods for visualising the vast amount of data generated and collected by call centres. We design the application to address the challenges of exploration, analysis and visualisation of complex, time-dependant call centre data, and aim to maximise the utility the software contributes to the business stakeholders in the industry. The application implements a custom, interactive analytical treemap view that presents an overview and details of the data on demand. We implement a smooth temporal navigation system to allow the user to zoom the visualisation to a higher resolution of data. Then an interactive multivariate focus and context analytic filtering interface provides the user control over caller subsets they are interested in for analysis. The software is designed in close collaboration with industry experts. This application reveals new insight into call centre events and behaviour that traditional forms of analysis do not as quickly, nor as easily. We also report the positive reaction of domain experts to our visualisations.

Abstract The type species of the Palaeozoic cystoporate bryozoan genus Fistulipora M'Coy, 1849 is redescribed. Fistulipora minor M'Coy, 1849 is the type species, and was the first species described under the genus Fistulipora. Quantitative assessment of type and figured specimens of Calamopora incrustans Phillips, 1836 and F. minor has shown them to fall within the range of morphological variation exhibited by abundant comparative material collected at several horizons and they are referable to one morphologically variable taxon. F. minor is the junior subjective synonym of C. incrustans and the form can be quoted as F. minor M'Coy, 1849 = C. incrustans Phillips, 1836 with a valid name of F. incrustans (Phillips, 1836). However, this does not alter the name of the type species, which is F. minor M'Coy, 1849. The type specimen of Berenicea megastoma M'Coy, 1844 has also been examined, and this form is also conspecific with F. minor M'Coy, 1849 = C. incrustans Phillips, 1836. Examination of the type specimen of F. major M'Coy (1849) has shown it to be referable to the tabulate coral genus Chaetetes. A lectotype and paralectotypes are designated for F. minor and the status of the type specimens of F. incrustans is clarified.

Chord diagrams are a popular high-dimensional method for showing connections between nodes, however they have scalability limitations and lack advanced methods for interaction and multivariate links. In this paper we introduce a novel interaction and layout method for improving the scalability of chord diagrams, explore sketch-based methods for showing multiple links and direction, and introduce a sketch-based brushing technique for filtering. We demonstrate the interaction techniques on a real-world call-center dataset and report feedback from domain experts in the call center industry.

In this study, the metal injection molding process for high performance Ti compacts were investigated. Low oxygen gas atomized Ti powder was used for starting powder. As a result of using Mo vessel and sponge Ti, sintered Ti compact at 1523 K showed the excellent mechanical properties (tensile strength: 522 MPa, elongation: 21%), which was similar to JIS 3 grade of wrought Ti. This was due to the protection of oxidization. By blending with Hydride dehydrozation powder (high oxygen content) and gas atomized powder, tensile strength was improved significantly without large loss of the ductility (600 MPa, 13%). This seemed to be due to the high oxygen contents and more uniform oxygen distributions (solid solution strengthening). By MIM in-process nitriding combined with sintering appropriately, the surface hardness of Ti compacts increased dramatically and it decreased continuously to the inside.

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Holocene Coastal Sabkhat Holocene Sabkha Matti Evaporites Pleistocene Gypsum Miocene Gypsum Conclusions Acknowledgements

• Using contemporary Global Navigation Satellite System technology, fully automated cropping cycles are achievable • Synergy of open source and commercial technology leading to rapid development time • High project impact from an open, focused and collaborative approach to ambitious research and demonstration Autonomous farming is not only attracting the attention of the scientific community, but governments globally are investing and promoting its development through different policy initiatives. The Hands Free Hectare (HFH) and Hands Free Farm (HFF) projects deployed in Shropshire, England between 2016 and 2022, are leading examples of autonomous farming in Europe over multiple seasons. The projects are often cited as evidence that the production of grains, oilseeds and other commodity crops by autonomous machines is now technically and economically feasible. At project launch in 2016 most of the components of a robotic system for arable crops were available. These projects were ambitious in their aims for rapid development to change industry and public perspectives. This paper outlines how a heuristic plan for combining those autonomy components and bridging the technology gaps was developed. To speed development the plan used modified open-source drone pilot software for guidance and retrofitting conventional farm equipment. This work describes how the probability of success of HFH was increased by simplifying the farming environment to a flat, rectangular field with conventional seed, fertilizer and pesticide applications. HFF moved toward commercial reality with multiple fields and a range of crops. Drone imagery and robotic scouting were used to support agronomic decision making. To engage stakeholders in the research process, the project team used both traditional methods (e.g. public speaking, farm shows, interviews) and social media. This communications plan created an engagement that is rare in agricultural research and it changed the worldwide perspective on crop robotics.

Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to explore the motions of series of ligands containing coupled benzenesulfonamide and oligoethylene glycol moieties (H2NSO2C6H4CONH(CH2-CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2)R+; R+ = NH3+, NHCOCH2NH3+, NHCOCH(CH2Ph)NH3+) bound at the active site of human carbonic anhydrase II (HCAII; E.C. 4.2.1.1). These complexes have been examined previously by X-ray crystallography; the locations of the terminal groups of these ligands were not defined in the crystal structures. These stimulations, carried out in the presence of water, provide dynamic information about the motion of the bound ligand that supplements the quasistatic information from crystallography. Our results suggested that the Gly and Phe groups of these ligands interacted weakly with the protein adjacent to the active site. Quantitative estimates of energies of binding did not correlate usefully with observed free energies of binding, but in the absence of information about entropies, it is not possible to tell if the lack of correlation between calculated energies and observed free energies represents inaccuracies in the energies, or a compensation between enthalpies and entropies. When the terminal Phe group was placed near a previously identified hydrophobic patch in the active site (Phe20 and Pro202) the average conformation of the ligand inferred from this simulation was inconsistent with that from the crystal structure; this result illustrates the problems of misleading local minima in these types of simulations.

The results of an interdisciplinary study of the Thulagi Glacier Lake in Manaslu Himal in 1996 were in part surprising: different from remote sensing and geomorphologic interpretations, the Thulagi Lake is not dammed by a terminal moraine. Instead, the natural dam is composed of a huge, apparently old, thick, and slowly melting dead-ice body covered by mainly lacustrine sediments. Therefore, the most common mechanism of GLOF generation, the breaching of the damming terminal moraine by overtopping surge waves, can be ruled out in this case. Another important result of the field studies at the Thulagi Lake was the finding that most of the sediments of the dam area are lacustrine silts and fine sands with erratic boulders in-between. That implies that these sediments (hitherto believed to be of glacier origin) were deposited in a former lake. This case study demonstrates two fundamental facts: (i) each individual glacier lake has got its own development mechanism without the knowledge of which reliable statements on the lake's stability and its potential outburst hazard cannot be made, (ii) the hazard assessments of a glacier lake can only be done successfully in a multidisciplinary approach and by extensive field work. Remote sensing techniques still do have their limitations in this domain. Mitigation strategies have to focus on both: the GLOF hazard as well as the vulnerability of the area in the downstream. Only a combination of these two factors (by using the formula: disaster risk = hazard x vulnerability) can lea d to results that can convince the decision-makers on the need and effectiveness of mitigation work.

Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS) is an acquired medical condition characterized by innate immune dysregulation following respiratory exposure to water-damaged buildings (WDB). This chronic syndrome involves a range of symptoms that simultaneously affecting multiple organ systems. The purpose of this literature review was to search the published literature for successful treatments for chronic inflammatory response syndrome, an under-recognized, underdiagnosed, multisymptom multisystem illness that can affect up to 25% of the population, thus representing a silent epidemic. Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS), a common misdiagnosis for CIRS, is an entity that has broader awareness within the medical community despite the absence of a defined etiology, biomarkers or a treatment protocol that reverses the underlying conditions. Therefore, the search also included treatments for ME/CFS and sick building syndrome (SBS). Thirteen articles referenced treatment for CIRS, and 22 articles referenced treatment for CFS. The only treatment with documented clinical efficacy was the Shoemaker Protocol, which was described in 11 of the 13 articles. This treatment protocol exhibits superior outcomes compared with the treatment protocols for ME/CFS.

The joining of materials has been a key driver of engineering and manufacturing advancements throughout history. From early fibre-based bindings to modern welding and chemical adhesion techniques, the evolution of joining methods reflects technological progress. Today, the integration of dissimilar materials, such as metals and polymers, remains a challenge due to their inherent differences in physical and chemical properties. Additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a promising solution for producing complex geometries. However, material compatibility remains a significant limitation. In this context, interlocking mechanisms provide an effective alternative by enabling strong mechanical connections without the need for adhesives or thermal treatments. This study examines the evolution of joining techniques, highlighting the advantages of adding an interlocking mechanism. A classification of interlocking strategies is proposed, encompassing geometric, frictional, hybrid, and material-based approaches. By mitigating the challenges of AM in joining dissimilar materials, interlocking mechanisms provide new opportunities for engineering applications, enhancing both mechanical performance and design flexibility.

Abstract The Tawe barrage was an early amenity barrage, and studies after its construction showed a deterioration in water quality within the impounded area. The main concern was the effect of low dissolved‐oxygen concentrations upon the migrating salmonids during their passage upstream. An aeration/mixing system was chosen in a combination of diffusers and a propeller, which has proved to be capable of maintaining satisfactory water quality. However, additional diffusers need to be installed to (a) achieve a satisfactory concentration of dissolved oxygen at all points in the river and (b) complete the full scheme.