Shriners Hospitals for Children - Mexico

OBJECTIVES: To estimate COVID-19 infections and deaths in healthcare workers (HCWs) from a global perspective during the early phases of the pandemic. DESIGN: Systematic review. METHODS: Two parallel searches of academic bibliographic databases and grey literature were undertaken until 8 May 2020. Governments were also contacted for further information where possible. There were no restrictions on language, information sources used, publication status and types of sources of evidence. The AACODS checklist or the National Institutes of Health study quality assessment tools were used to appraise each source of evidence. OUTCOME MEASURES: Publication characteristics, country-specific data points, COVID-19-specific data, demographics of affected HCWs and public health measures employed. RESULTS: A total of 152 888 infections and 1413 deaths were reported. Infections were mainly in women (71.6%, n=14 058) and nurses (38.6%, n=10 706), but deaths were mainly in men (70.8%, n=550) and doctors (51.4%, n=525). Limited data suggested that general practitioners and mental health nurses were the highest risk specialities for deaths. There were 37.2 deaths reported per 100 infections for HCWs aged over 70 years. Europe had the highest absolute numbers of reported infections (119 628) and deaths (712), but the Eastern Mediterranean region had the highest number of reported deaths per 100 infections (5.7). CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 infections and deaths among HCWs follow that of the general population around the world. The reasons for gender and specialty differences require further exploration, as do the low rates reported in Africa and India. Although physicians working in certain specialities may be considered high risk due to exposure to oronasal secretions, the risk to other specialities must not be underestimated. Elderly HCWs may require assigning to less risky settings such as telemedicine or administrative positions. Our pragmatic approach provides general trends, and highlights the need for universal guidelines for testing and reporting of infections in HCWs.

Sixty-five consecutive scoliosis patients, 25 with idiopathic deformities and 40 with postpoliomyelitis deformities, were treated by preoperative correction, segmental spinal instrumentation with arthrodesis, and no postoperative immobilization. The follow-up ranged from 12 to 25 months (average, 18 months); no patients was lost to follow-up. The initial deformity varied from 35 degrees to 140 degrees (average, 69 degrees), and the final correction varied from 53% to 93% (average, 72%). The average loss of correction was 1.5 degrees, or 2%. The complications in this group were two infections and two pseudoarthroses. The author believes that segmental spinal instrumentation gives a planned maximum correction of scoliotic deformities, provides a satisfactory method of rigid internal fixation of the spine that needs no external fixation, and leads to rapid efficient arthrodesis.

From the Dr. German Diaz Lombardo Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico, the Department of Spine Surgery, Shriners Hospital For Crippled Children, Mexico City Unit, Mexico City, and the American/British Cowdray Hospital, Mexico City

Forty-seven consecutive patients younger than eight years of age were treated for scoliosis with Harrington rods and segmental wiring, without any external immobilization. The series included 38 postpoliomyelitis patients, six muscular dystrophy patients, and three paraplegics. The average correction was 78%, with an average loss of 8% per case. Follow-up averaged four years eight months. Growth in the area of immobilization averaged 4.6 cm. Four patients (9%) had complications after the first surgery, ten (48%) after the second surgery, and three (75%) after the third surgery. Fractured Harrington bars represented 7.5% of the complications after the first surgery, 35% after the second surgery, and 50% after the third surgery. Growth potential was partially preserved after subperiosteal dissection and segmental wiring. Good correction was obtained with the method, but Harrington bars broke and two to three supplementary operations were needed to accomodate for growth of the spine.

BACKGROUND: The presence of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) after a slipped capital femoral epiphysis is thought to predispose the subsequent development of osteoarthritis (OA); however, there is a lack of evidence to support this hypothesis. METHODS: One hundred twenty-one patients with stable slipped capital femoral epiphysis treated with in situ fixation were reviewed at a minimum of 20-year follow-up; the presence of a pistol grip deformity and FAI was determined. The Harris Hip Score (HHS) was used to measure clinical outcome, and the Tönnis grade for qualifying the presence of OA was determined. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-one patients were followed up at a mean of 22.3 years (range, 20.1 to 32.5 y); the slip was considered grade 1 in 34 hips, grade 2 in 65 hips, and grade 3 in 22 hips. Ninety-six patients had clinical and radiographic signs of FAI. The mean HHS for the entire cohort was 75.6; however, for the 25 patients without FAI it was 89.3 and for the 96 patients with FAI it was 75.4 (P=0.004). We found radiographic signs of OA in all 121 patients: considered grade 1 in 14 hips, grade 2 in 32 hips, and grade 3 in 75 hips. The mean Tönnis grade of OA was 2.5. A direct relationship between the radiographic grade of OA and the HHS was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of FAI (or a pistol grip deformity) after even a low-grade slip is common. We found clinical and radiographic signs of FAI in most of our patients, and also found that the degree of deformity is directly related to the presence of OA in early adulthood.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of lateral column lengthening in the treatment of flexible, planovalgus foot deformity of ambulatory children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Fifteen ambulatory children (23 feet) with spastic CP and flexible planovalgus foot deformities received lateral column lengthenings through the calcaneus or calcaneocuboid joint. At an average of 4.1 years of follow-up (minimum, 2.3 years), 17 (74%) feet had good, two (9%) had fair, and four (17%) had poor outcomes. Poor outcomes resulted from recurrence of deformity. Improvements in preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up radiographic measurements were found. However, these improvements are not related to the clinical outcomes. Calcaneal lengthening is a successful treatment for flexible planovalgus foot deformity in ambulatory children with spastic CP. The high failure rate is a significant limitation to the procedure. Further investigation of the objective measurement of planovalgus foot deformity is needed.

We reviewed the results of 101 talectomies in 56 patients with arthrogrypotic clubfeet. The average age at the time of surgery was 4.3 years and the mean follow-up was 6 years. Talectomy was performed as a primary procedure in 16 feet and as a salvage procedure in 85 feet that underwent other surgical procedures before talectomy. We graded our results as good when the foot was plantigrade, able to wear regular shoes, pain free, and, very important, patient satisfaction. We used a χ2 statistical test and, after comparing results with age <4 to >4 years at time of surgery, tendo Achilles tenotomy, time of casting, radiological complete excision of talus, and transcalcaneal pin placement, only the immobilization time needed to be statistically significant to achieve a good result. We conclude that feet must be individualized for treatment and that, after reduction of the calcaneus in the mortise, a short leg cast must be placed for 8 weeks to maintain position and alignment.

PURPOSE: Patients with late-presenting developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) are more likely to require an open reduction. Since many developing countries do not have mandated screening, there continues to be a relatively high incidence of late-presenting DDH. We report the clinical and radiographic outcomes of open reduction in a series of patients who presented late. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective review of 712 hips in 645 patients that underwent open reduction, alone or in combination with a pelvic osteotomy. In all, 91 hips had open reduction alone and 621 had open reduction and pelvic osteotomy. Femoral shortening was performed in 221 hips. The mean age at the time of surgery was 2.1 years (1 to 6.5) and the mean follow-up time was 9.3 years (6 to 14). We used the Children's Hospital Oakland Hip Evaluation Score (CHOHES) to determine functional outcomes and the Severin classification was used to evaluate radiographic outcomes. The rate of avascular necrosis (AVN) and the need for a reoperation were also recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: In all 80% (570 hips) had good radiographic outcomes (Severin type I or II) and 87% had a CHOHES score of > 90 at final follow up. There was a 14% rate of AVN and only a 2% rate of redislocation. Better radiographic outcomes and lower reoperation rates were seen with patients who underwent both an open reduction and pelvic osteotomy. A trend was observed towards worse outcomes in older patients. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high rate of good clinical and radiographic outcomes at a minimum six-year follow-up in patients with late-presenting DDH who underwent open reduction. Those who underwent open reduction in combination with a pelvic osteotomy had a higher rate of good radiographic outcomes and a lower rate of complications, particularly reoperation.

Abstract Objectives To estimate COVID-19 infections and deaths in healthcare workers (HCWs) from a global perspective. Design Scoping review. Methods Two parallel searches of academic bibliographic databases and grey literature were undertaken. Governments were also contacted for further information where possible. Due to the time-sensitive nature of the review and the need to report the most up-to-date information for an ever-evolving situation, there were no restrictions on language, information sources utilised, publication status, and types of sources of evidence. The AACODS checklist was used to appraise each source of evidence. Outcome measures Publication characteristics, country-specific data points, COVID-19 specific data, demographics of affected HCWs, and public health measures employed Results A total of 152,888 infections and 1413 deaths were reported. Infections were mainly in women (71.6%) and nurses (38.6%), but deaths were mainly in men (70.8%) and doctors (51.4%). Limited data suggested that general practitioners and mental health nurses were the highest risk specialities for deaths. There were 37.17 deaths reported per 100 infections for healthcare workers aged over 70. Europe had the highest absolute numbers of reported infections (119628) and deaths (712), but the Eastern Mediterranean region had the highest number of reported deaths per 100 infections (5.7). Conclusions HCW COVID-19 infections and deaths follow that of the general world population. The reasons for gender and speciality differences require further exploration, as do the low rates reported from Africa and India. Although physicians working in certain specialities may be considered high-risk due to exposure to oronasal secretions, the risk to other specialities must not be underestimated. Elderly HCWs may require assigning to less risky settings such as telemedicine, or administrative positions. Our pragmatic approach provides general trends, and highlights the need for universal guidelines for testing and reporting of infections in HCWs. Summary Box What is already known on this topic In China, studies documented over 3,300 confirmed cases of infected healthcare workers in early March. In the United States, as high as 19% of patients had been identified as healthcare workers. There are no studies that perform a global examination of COVID-19 infections and deaths in the health workforce. What this study adds To our knowledge, this is the first study assessing the number of healthcare workers who have been infected with or died from COVID-19 globally. The data from our study suggest that although infections were mainly in women and nurses, COVID-19 related deaths were mainly in men and doctors; in addition, our study found that Europe had the highest numbers of infection and death, but the lowest case-fatality-rate, while the Eastern Mediterranean had the highest case-fatality-rate.

BACKGROUND: We sought to determine the functional outcome of patients with grade 3 slipped capital femoral epiphysis who had been treated with in situ pinning at a mid-term follow-up. METHODS: One hundred and five patients with 129 slips (24 bilateral) were reviewed. Minimum follow-up was 5 years and mean follow-up was 66 months. Slips over 60 degrees were considered grade 3. All of the patients underwent in situ pinning with a single cannulated screw; the placement of the screw was evaluated with the criteria of Stambough. The final evaluation was performed using the Iowa Hip Score and results were analyzed by sex, age at time of diagnosis, and body mass index. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Mann-Whitney U-test considering a P value of less than 0.005 to be statistically significant. RESULTS: The mean Iowa Hip Score was 84.73. Fifty-two patients were considered to have an excellent result, 28 a good result, 16 a fair result, and 9 a bad result. The pin placement was considered adequate in 89 patients and inadequate in 16 patients. Forty-three patients were girls and 62 were boys and no statistical difference was found in function by sex. The mean Iowa Hip Score for patients under 12 years of age (n=20) was 85.8, for those between 12 and 15 years of age (n=69) it was 82.8 and for those over 15 years of age (n=16) it was 82.5 (P=0.003). There were 10 complications, all in the group in which the pin placement was considered inadequate, and all of these were considered fair or poor results. CONCLUSIONS: The functional results in the mid-term for patients with grade 3 slips treated with in situ pinning were generally good or excellent; a better result was found in patients below 12 years of age. A good or excellent result can be expected when pin placement is adequate and no complications arise.

We reviewed the results of 101 talectomies in 56 patients with arthrogrypotic clubfeet. The average age at the time of surgery was 4.3 years and the mean follow-up was 6 years. Talectomy was performed as a primary procedure in 16 feet and as a salvage procedure in 85 feet that underwent other surgical procedures before talectomy. We graded our results as good when the foot was plantigrade, able to wear regular shoes, pain free, and, very important, patient satisfaction. We used a chi2 statistical test and, after comparing results with age <4 to >4 years at time of surgery, tendo Achilles tenotomy, time of casting, radiological complete excision of talus, and transcalcaneal pin placement, only the immobilization time needed to be statistically significant to achieve a good result. We conclude that feet must be individualized for treatment and that, after reduction of the calcaneus in the mortise, a short leg cast must be placed for 8 weeks to maintain position and alignment.

BACKGROUND: Femoroacetabular impingement is increasingly recognized as a cause of hip pain but its incidence after an innominate osteotomy for the correction of acetabular dysplasia has not been determined. This information would be essential for the orthopaedic surgeon because it has the potential to produce a poor outcome in the long term when trying to balance acetabular instability and overcorrection. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: The purposes of our study were (1) to determine the frequency with which clinically relevant femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) occurs after an innominate osteotomy for the treatment of acetabular dysplasia; (2) to determine risk factors for the development of FAI; and (3) to compare postoperative radiographic and clinical outcomes in patients having undergone an innominate osteotomy for the correction of acetabular dysplasia both with and without FAI. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of 154 hips (132 patients) that had undergone an innominate osteotomy for acetabular dysplasia and were evaluated at a minimum followup of 10 years (mean = 12 years). Mean age at the time of surgery was 3 years, 114 hips had a concomitant open reduction, and 54 hips also had femoral shortening. One hundred eight hips had a Salter osteotomy and 46 had a Pemberton osteotomy. Radiographs were analyzed to determine the lateral center-edge angle (CE angle) and the presence of a crossover sign. The diagnosis of FAI was established when the CE angle was greater than 40°, there was a positive crossover sign, and the patient had groin pain when flexing the hip less than 90°. Comparisons between nonparametric variables were performed with a Mann-Whitney's U test. Categorical variables were compared with a chi-square test. Change in acetabular index (correction) was dichotomized considering 20° of correction as the cutoff point. Association is presented as odds ratio (95% confidence interval), and logistic regression was performed. RESULTS: According to our criteria, 18 of 154 hips had FAI (12%). Of the 18 patients with FAI, 10 had undergone a Pemberton osteotomy (10 of 46 [22%]) and eight a Salter osteotomy (eight of 108 [7%]). A change in the postoperative acetabular index greater than 20° was associated with a greater likelihood of developing FAI. The mean postoperative acetabular index was lower for the group with FAI, for whom it was 20°, compared with the group without FAI, for whom it was 27° (p = 0.04). The mean Iowa Hip Score for the group with FAI was 85, whereas for those without FAI, it was 93 (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: FAI is not common after an innominate osteotomy for the treatment of acetabular dysplasia; however, overcorrection is related to a higher incidence. When FAI is present, it can affect the outcome. Overcorrection should be avoided when performing an innominate osteotomy for the treatment of acetabular dysplasia because it can create iatrogenic FAI and have an adverse effect on outcome. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, therapeutic study.

Background. Previous studies have reported sex differences in the clinical presentation and outcome of adult patients with schizophrenia; the aim of present study was to compare the clinical characteristics, social functioning, adherence to treatment, and cognition of adolescents with this diagnosis in a six-month followup. Methods. A total of 87 adolescents with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder were evaluated with the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), the Matrics Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP), and the Rating of Medication Influences (ROMI). Results. Both groups showed a similar improvement in all PANSS factors and in the PSP scores during the followup. Males better adhered to treatment. Females displayed better results in the area of social cognition (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mi>F</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">6.3</mml:mn></mml:math>, df = 2,52, and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.003</mml:mn></mml:math>) and attention/vigilance (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mi>F</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">8.3</mml:mn></mml:math>, df = 2,51, and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.001</mml:mn></mml:math>). Conclusions. Male and female adolescents showed similar clinical presentation and functioning but a different pattern of cognitive improvement and adherence to treatment. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov II3/02/0811 .‏

Abstract Partially grouted reinforced masonry (PG-RM) shear walls have been widely used as structural elements in low- and medium-rise earthquake-resistant buildings. Nonetheless, assessing its shear strength represents a complex task mainly because the partial grouting provides a non-constant cross section, which results in heterogeneous stress–strain patterns. Consequently, refined modeling techniques are needed to reproduce local failure mechanisms taking place in these walls, which significantly influence the global response. In response to this issue, a detailed micro-modeling approach based on the finite element method was proposed in previous studies by the authors. Although the numerical strategy provided accurate results, further validation is required. Therefore, in this study, the experimental results of seven PG-RM shear walls of multi-perforated clay bricks with bed-joint reinforcement are employed as validation cases. These seven walls presented variations in five design parameters. The validated numerical model was then employed to perform a parametric study to assess the influence of the wall aspect ratio, axial pre-compression stress, and horizontal reinforcement ratio on the in-plane lateral behavior of PG-RM shear walls. The obtained results show that the three studied design parameters modified the crack patterns of the walls. Besides, increasing the axial pre-compression stress or reducing the aspect ratio resulted in higher walls’ shear strength. Additionally, decreasing the horizontal reinforcement ratio or increasing the aspect ratio generated a higher story-drift ratio at maximum lateral force. Finally, it was corroborated that the positive effect of the axial pre-compression stress on the walls’ shear strength decreases inversely proportional to the aspect ratio.

Discoid lateral meniscus is a well-studied and documented entity of the knee whereas discoid medial meniscus is an extremely rare pathology. There are no more than 25 cases of medial discoid menisci reported in the literature. Some articles report bilateral lateral menisci as well as bilateral medial menisci, but there are no publications about medial and lateral discoid menisci in the same knee with lateral discoid meniscus in the contralateral side. This is a report of a case of bilateral discoid lateral menisci and unilateral discoid medial meniscus. Both arthroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging views are presented.

BACKGROUND: Redislocation after an open reduction for develpmental dislocation of the hip is relatively common. The purpose of this study was to determine if the use of a transarticular pin (TAP) is safe and effective in maintaining reduction. METHODS: A total of 578 patients (645 hips) were reviewed after an open reduction, mean age at the time of surgery was 2.1 years. In 621 cases a smooth Kirschner wire was placed across the joint. The rates of redislocation, avascular necrosis (AVN), and other complications were determined. AVN was classified according to Kalamchi et al. Outcome was determined at a minimum of 6 years using the Severin classification. RESULTS: Redislocation occurred in 27 cases (4.1% rate), 24 had a TAP (3.8%) and 3 did not (12.5%). AVN was observed in 127 cases (19.7%), it was type I in 73 cases, type II in 38 cases, type III in 14 cases, and type IV in 2 cases; AVN was seen in 123 cases which had a TAP (19.8%) and 4 cases which did not (16.7%). Analyzing pin placement: when it was in the inferior third of the neck the rate of AVN was 15.2% (32/211), in the middle third it was 21.7% (71/326), and in the superior third it was 28.6% (24/84). According to the Severin classification for the hips with a TAP, 496 were type I or II (79.8%), 113 were type III (18.2%), 10 were type IV (1.6%), and 2 were type V (0.3%); in the group without a TAP 19 cases were type I or II (79.2%), 4 were type III (16.7%), and 1 was type IV. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a TAP was effective in maintaining reduction and was not associated with significant morbidity. Placing the pin in the inferior third of the neck was associated with the lowest rate of AVN. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV--therapeutic.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have suggested that perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI) using gadolinium contrast and a subtraction technique can provide useful prognostic information in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) and allow earlier stratification for outcome. There are, however, sparse data available regarding the feasibility and safety of these studies in children. The purpose of this study was to collect this information across multiple centers using pMRI for LCPD. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive series of patients with confirmed or suspected LCPD who had undergone pMRI at 1 of 5 large tertiary-care children's hospitals in the United States, UK, and Mexico. Demographic information, type of contrast administered, and requirement for sedation or anesthesia were noted. Records were scrutinized for adverse events associated with the pMRI protocol. RESULTS: Over the study period, 165 patients underwent 298 pMRI studies. The median age at the time of imaging was 8.6 years (range, 2.5to 16.9 y). A total of 252 scans (85%) were performed for a known diagnosis of LCPD, whereas 46 were performed for a suspected diagnosis. Ninety-two of the 298 (31%) pMRIs required sedation, 48 (16%) required general anesthesia, and 122 (41%) were facilitated by video goggles only. The remaining 36 patients (12%) had their studies performed without additional measures. The ages of patients requiring sedation (mean, 7.2±2.4 y) and anesthesia (mean, 7.7±2.3 y) were significantly younger than those patients requiring neither (mean, 10.2±2.3 y, P<0.001). Four patients (1.3%) reported nausea or vomiting as a result of sedation. Two patients (0.7%) had complications from intravenous cannulation (pull out, difficult access). One child (0.3%) had nausea/vomiting as a result of contrast administration. There were no serious adverse events as a result of the pMRI protocol; specifically none of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, anaphylaxis, or death. CONCLUSIONS: pMRI is a safe and feasible imaging technique for LCPD. Almost half of our patients required either sedation or general anesthesia to complete the study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV (case series).

PURPOSE: We sought to determine if a varus-producing osteotomy of the proximal femur was related to a better outcome than non-operative treatment for LCP disease. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of 121 patients; clinical outcome was determined with the Iowa Hip Score, and radiographic outcome was determined with the Stulberg classification. RESULTS: A total of 73 patients undergoing a VO and 48 treated non-operatively were included; 70 had lateral pillar type B and 51 type C hips. Average follow-up was 12.03 years. The mean Iowa Hip Score was 86.8 for the VO group and 85.9 for the non-operative group. According to the Stulberg classification for the group undergoing a VO, there were 8 type II, 33 type III, and 32 type III, and for the group undergoing non-operative treatment there were 11 type II, 24 type III, and 13 type IV. CONCLUSIONS: We found no statistically significant difference in the clinical or radiographic result for patients undergoing a VO compared to non-operative treatment.

This was a prospective study to determine the functional results in patients with obstetric palsy treated with the Sever L'Episcopo procedure using a simple five-grade scale consisting of the ability to reach the abdomen (grade 0), upper thorax (grade I), mouth (grade II), forehead (grade III), and occiput (grade IV), which translates into an improvement in basic daily activities. Forty-nine procedures were done in 48 patients (one bilateral) with a preoperative and postoperative evaluation of each case. Range of motion was also recorded for each patient both preoperatively and postoperatively. The overall results showed an improvement of two grades in 61% of our patients. The improvement in range of motion averaged 64 degrees for active abduction and 42 degrees for active external rotation. Functional goals must be the principal concern. With this method of evaluation, we can measure (in a simple way) improvement in the activities of daily living.

Keratinocytes, the principal epidermal cells, play a vital role in maintaining the structural integrity and functionality of the skin. Beyond their protective role, keratinocytes are key contributors to the process of wound healing, as they migrate to injury sites, proliferate, and generate new layers of epidermis, facilitating tissue repair and remodeling. Moreover, keratinocytes actively participate in the skin's immune responses, expressing pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to detect microbial components and interact with immune cells to influence adaptive immunity. Keratinocytes express a diverse repertoire of signaling pathways, transcription factors, and epigenetic regulators to regulate their growth, differentiation, and response to environmental cues. Among these regulatory elements, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as essential players in keratinocyte biology. LncRNAs, including MALAT1, play diverse roles in gene regulation and cellular processes, influencing keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, migration, and response to environmental stimuli. Dysregulation of specific lncRNAs such as MALAT1 can disrupt keratinocyte homeostasis, leading to impaired differentiation, compromised barrier integrity, and contributing to the pathogenesis of various skin disorders. Understanding the intricate interplay between lncRNAs and keratinocytes offers promising insights into the molecular underpinnings of skin health and disease, with potential implications for targeted therapies and advancements in dermatological research. Hence, our objective is to provide a comprehensive summary of the available knowledge concerning keratinocytes and their intricate relationship with MALAT1.