Sir Sunderlal Hospital

This Tutorial Review presents an overview on the synthesis, characterization and applications of metal complexes containing curcumin (=1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione) and its derivatives as ligands. Innovative synthetic strategies leading to soluble and crystallizable metal curcumin complexes are outlined in detail. Special emphasis is placed on the highly promising and exciting medicinal applications of metal curcumin complexes, with the three most important areas being anticancer activity and selective cytotoxicity, anti-Alzheimer's disease activity, and antioxidative/neuroprotective effects. Overall, this Tutorial Review provides the first general overview of this emerging and rapidly expanding field of interdisciplinary research.

Purpose: COVID-19-associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) has reached epidemic proportion during India's second wave of COVID-19 pandemic, with several risk factors being implicated in its pathogenesis. This study aimed to determine the patient demographics, risk factors including comorbidities, and medications used to treat COVID-19, presenting symptoms and signs, and the outcome of management. Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study of patients with COVID-19-associated ROCM managed or co-managed by ophthalmologists in India from January 1, 2020 to May 26, 2021. Results: Of the 2826 patients, the states of Gujarat (22%) and Maharashtra (21%) reported the highest number of ROCM. The mean age of patients was 51.9 years with a male preponderance (71%). While 57% of the patients needed oxygen support for COVID-19 infection, 87% of the patients were treated with corticosteroids, (21% for > 10 days). Diabetes mellitus (DM) was present in 78% of all patients. Most of the cases showed onset of symptoms of ROCM between day 10 and day 15 from the diagnosis of COVID-19, 56% developed within 14 days after COVID-19 diagnosis, while 44% had delayed onset beyond 14 days. Orbit was involved in 72% of patients, with stage 3c forming the bulk (27%). Overall treatment included intravenous amphotericin B in 73%, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)/paranasal sinus (PNS) debridement in 56%, orbital exenteration in 15%, and both FESS/PNS debridement and orbital exenteration in 17%. Intraorbital injection of amphotericin B was administered in 22%. At final follow-up, mortality was 14%. Disease stage >3b had poorer prognosis. Paranasal sinus debridement and orbital exenteration reduced the mortality rate from 52% to 39% in patients with stage 4 disease with intracranial extension (p < 0.05). Conclusion: : Corticosteroids and DM are the most important predisposing factors in the development of COVID-19-associated ROCM. COVID-19 patients must be followed up beyond recovery. Awareness of red flag symptoms and signs, high index of clinical suspicion, prompt diagnosis, and early initiation of treatment with amphotericin B, aggressive surgical debridement of the PNS, and orbital exenteration, where indicated, are essential for successful outcome.

BACKGROUND: In view of the long term discussion on the appropriateness of the dengue classification into dengue fever (DF), dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS), the World Health Organization (WHO) has outlined in its new global dengue guidelines a revised classification into levels of severity: dengue fever with an intermediary group of "dengue fever with warning sings", and severe dengue. The objective of this paper was to compare the two classification systems regarding applicability in clinical practice and surveillance, as well as user-friendliness and acceptance by health staff. METHODS: A mix of quantitative (prospective and retrospective review of medical charts by expert reviewers, formal staff interviews), semi-quantitative (open questions in staff interviews) and qualitative methods (focus group discussions) were used in 18 countries. Quality control of data collected was undertaken by external monitors. RESULTS: The applicability of the DF/DHF/DSS classification was limited, even when strict DHF criteria were not applied (13.7% of dengue cases could not be classified using the DF/DHF/DSS classification by experienced reviewers, compared to only 1.6% with the revised classification). The fact that some severe dengue cases could not be classified in the DF/DHF/DSS system was of particular concern. Both acceptance and perceived user-friendliness of the revised system were high, particularly in relation to triage and case management. The applicability of the revised classification to retrospective data sets (of importance for dengue surveillance) was also favourable. However, the need for training, dissemination and further research on the warning signs was highlighted. CONCLUSIONS: The revised dengue classification has a high potential for facilitating dengue case management and surveillance.

Abstract The observed standard free energy change (ΔG0obs) for the hydrolysis of the terminal pyrophosphate bond of ATP has been experimentally determined under physiological conditions using an entirely new set of reactions. The observed equilibrium constant (Kobs) for the combined reactions of acetate kinase (EC 2.7.2.1) and phosphate acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.8) has been determined at 38°, pH 7.0, ionic strength 0.25, and varying free [Mg2+]. The Kobs of these combined reactions reflects the difference between ΔG0obs for the hydrolysis of acetyl-CoA and the ΔG0obs for the hydrolysis of ATP. Using Σ and square brackets to indicate total concentration, Kobs = [ΣADP][ΣPi]/[ΣATP] x [Acetyl-CoA]/[ΣAcetate][CoA] The observed value of this combined equilibrium constant varies with free [Mg2+], being 0.984 ± 0.009 when [Mg2+] = 0 and 0.218 ± 0.002 when free [Mg2+] = 10-3 m. The ΔG0obs for the hydrolysis of acetyl-CoA is virtually unaffected by the free [Mg2+] and has been previously determined to be -8.54 Cal per mole (-35.75 kJ per mole) under the same conditions of temperature, pH, and ionic strength. Therefore at pH 7.0, at ionic strength 0.25, at 38°, and taking the standard state of liquid water to have activity = unity ([H2O] = 1) the ΔG0obs for the reaction [see PDF for equation] can be calculated to be -8.53 Cal per mole (-35.69 kJ per mole) at [Mg2+] = 0 and -7.60 Cal per mole (-31.80 kJ per mole) at [Mg2+] = 10-3 m. The corresponding values of Kobs for the ATP hydrolysis reaction are 9.86 x 105 m ([Mg2+] = 0) and 2.19 x 105 m ([Mg2+] = 10-3 m). Equations have been developed for calculating from the experimental data the ΔG0obs of ATP hydrolysis at different free magnesium and hydrogen ion concentrations. The Kobs of ATP hydrolysis has been used in combination with the Kobs of the citrate synthase reaction (EC 4.1.3.7) to calculate the Kobs of the ATP-citrate lyase reaction (EC 4.1.3.8) Kobs = [ΣADP][Acetyl-CoA] [ΣPi] [ΣOxaloacetate]/[ΣATP] [CoA] [ΣCitrate] Under the same near physiological conditions of 38°, pH 7.0, and ionic strength 0.25, the value of Kobs for the ATP-citrate lyase reaction was found to be very sensitive to the free [Mg2+], being 0.975 m at [Mg2+] = 0 and 0.0985 m when free [Mg2+] = 10-3 m.

BACKGROUND: Calcium antagonists have proved disappointing in long-term congestive heart failure (CHF) studies. Mibefradil, a new calcium antagonist that selectively blocks T-type calcium channels, has been shown to be an effective antihypertensive, antianginal, and anti-ischemic agent, and because of its different mechanism of action, it may be beneficial as adjunct therapy in CHF patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind study compared mibefradil with placebo as adjunct to usual therapy in 2590 CHF patients (NYHA class II to IV; left ventricular fraction <35%). The initial 50-mg daily dose of mibefradil was uptitrated to 100 mg after 1 month and continued up to 3 years. Patients were monitored at 1 week; 1, 2, and 3 months; and every 3 months thereafter. All-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular morbidity/mortality were analyzed by use of the log-rank test (alpha=0.05). Substudies included exercise tolerance, plasma hormone and cytokines, echocardiography, and quality of life. Total mortality was similar between mibefradil- and placebo-treated patients (P=0.151). The 14% increased risk of mortality with mibefradil in the first 3 months was not statistically significant (P=0.093). Treatment groups had similar cardiovascular mortality (P=0.246), cardiovascular morbidity/mortality (P=0.783), and reasons for death or hospitalization. Patients comedicated with mibefradil and antiarrhythmics (class I or III), including amiodarone, had a significantly increased risk of death. Substudies demonstrated no significant differences between treatments. CONCLUSIONS: When used as adjunct therapy, mibefradil did not affect the usual outcome of CHF. The potential interaction with antiarrhythmic drugs, especially amiodarone, and drugs associated with torsade de pointes may have contributed to poor outcomes early in the study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of bridging defects in chronic spinal cord injury using peripheral nerve grafts combined with a chitosan-laminin scaffold and enhancing regeneration through them by co-transplantation with bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS: In 14 patients with chronic paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury, cord defects were grafted and stem cells injected into the whole construct and contained using a chitosan-laminin paste. Patients were evaluated using the International Standards for Classification of Spinal Cord Injuries. RESULTS: Chitosan disintegration leading to post-operative seroma formation was a complication. Motor level improved four levels in 2 cases and two levels in 12 cases. Sensory-level improved six levels in two cases, five levels in five cases, four levels in three cases, and three levels in four cases. A four-level neurological improvement was recorded in 2 cases and a two-level neurological improvement occurred in 12 cases. The American Spinal Impairment Association (ASIA) impairment scale improved from A to C in 12 cases and from A to B in 2 cases. Although motor power improvement was recorded in the abdominal muscles (2 grades), hip flexors (3 grades), hip adductors (3 grades), knee extensors (2-3 grades), ankle dorsiflexors (1-2 grades), long toe extensors (1-2 grades), and plantar flexors (0-2 grades), this improvement was too low to enable them to stand erect and hold their knees extended while walking unaided. CONCLUSION: Mesenchymal stem cell-derived neural stem cell-like cell transplantation enhances recovery in chronic spinal cord injuries with defects bridged by sural nerve grafts combined with a chitosan-laminin scaffold.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine associated factors with lethal outcome also prediction of it in case of acute subdural hematoma (ASH) after isolated traumatic brain injury (ITBI). Methods: Retrospective analysis of 162 patients with ASH after ITBI treated in Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit in Hospital Kaunas Clinics of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences during two years was carried out. Results: Sixty–seven patients (41%) of 162 have died with ASH after ITBI. Twelve patients (31%) of 39 have died in age group of &lt; = 44 years, 16 patients (37%) of 43 in group of 45 – 54 years, 14 patients (36%) of 39 in group of 55 – 64 years, but 25 patients (61%) of 41 in group of &gt; = 65 years, p &lt; 0.003. Twenty–four patients (26%) of 93 have died with pupillary light reflex and 43 patients (62%) of 69 without of it, p &lt; 0.001. Five patients (25%) of 20 have died in group of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score 12 – 15, 5 patients (20%) of 25 in group of 9 – 11, but 57 patients (49%) of 117 in group of 3 – 8, p &lt; 0.002. Twenty–one patient (28%) of 75 has died with white blood cell count &lt;10.1 x 10 9/l, but 46 patients (53%) of 87 with &gt; = 10.1 x 10 9/l, p &lt; 0.001. Five patients (17%) of 30 have died with glycemia 3.3 – 5.5 mmol/l and 62 patients (47%) of 132 with glycemia &gt; = 5.6 mmol/l, p &lt; 0.001. One patient (5%) of 22 has died in group of APACHE II score &lt; = 10 points, 12 patients (24%) of 50 in group of score 11 – 15, but 54 patients (60%) of 90 in group of score &gt; = 16, p &lt; 0.001. Fifty–two patients (63%) of 82 have died in the group of estimated lethal outcome risk &gt;25%, p &lt; 0.001 (0.95CI: 0.53 – 0.74) and prognostic test sensitivity was found to be 78%, specificity 76%. Conclusions: The mortality rate of acute subdural hematoma after isolated traumatic brain injury was 41%. Factors associated with lethal outcome were e. [...].

), linear dynamic range (LDR, 0.1 nM to 0.01 mM) and lower limit of detection (DL, 97.12 ± 4.86 pM). The analytical parameters of the sensor such as response time, reproducibility and long-term stability in the detection of 3-CP were reliable. Finally, it was used to analyze real samples collected from various environmental sources and found to be acceptable.

Objective: (Berberidaceae). Isolated berberine was characterised using spectroscopy and its antioxidant and antiarthritic activity was analyzed. Methods: using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and characterised by a spectroscopic technique. The isolated berberine was evaluated for its antioxidant activity in DPPH, nitric oxide, and superoxide scavenging assays, while antiarthritic activity was evaluated in the complete freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis rat model. Results: antiarthritic activity of berberine in the CFA-induced arthritis rat model showed a significant reduction in paw diameter, arthritic score, and an increase in body weight. Furthermore, a concentration-dependent ameliorating action of berberine on haematological parameters was noticed. Proinflammatory biomarkers, including IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-b in serum were reported, and histopathology examination revealed that berberine decreased pannus formation, synovial hyperplasia, and bone erosion. Radiographic investigation showed soft tissue inflammation, bone resorption and erosion, joint gap reduction, and substantial connective tissue expansion after treatment with berberine. Conclusion: The ameliorating action on haematological parameters and proinflammatory biomarkers of berberine makes them a suitable remedy for the treatment of arthritis.

The electrochemical oxidation of 4-AP based on Ag₂O₃·SnO₂·Cr₂O₃ NPs/binder/GCE sensor.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is said to be one of the commonest opportunistic infection in patients with HIV/AIDS. OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and laboratory profile of patients with HIV/TB coinfection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty adult TB patients having confirmed HIV seropositivity were included in randomized manner. A detailed history and thorough physical examination was done. Laboratory and radiological investigations were carried out as appropriately warranted. RESULTS: Most of the patients were farm workers (30%) followed by manual laborers (22%) and transport drivers (16%). Heterosexual route was found in 86% of patients. Cough was present in 94% while fever and weight loss in 86% and 78% of patients, respectively. Out of 50 patients, 40% had only pulmonary TB (PTB), 46% had pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB), 10% had only EPTB and 4% had multisystemic EPTB. Mediastinal lymphadenopathy was present in 34% while pleural effusion and extra-thoracic lymph nodes was present in 20% and 18% of patients, respectively. Positive smear for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) was found in 25.58% while positive Mantoux test was found in 32.14% of patients. CONCLUSION: HIV/TB coinfection is more common in sexually active age group and commonest mode of HIV infection is heterosexual transfer. Sputum smear AFB and Mantoux test positivity is low in TB patients having HIV. Disseminated TB is common in HIV. Mediastinal lymphadenopathy is common site among extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE: In this era of bottom-line medicine, transtympanic myringoplasty, although in accordance with the principles of minimally invasive (or access) surgery, is still not popular among otologists. This study evaluates the success rate of transtympanic myringoplasty and defines its role in the current era. DESIGN: A prospective study. SETTING: Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, a tertiary care teaching hospital. METHODS: The technique was carried out in 25 adult patients with chronic suppurative otitis media-mucosal disease under local anesthesia on the basis of day surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: An intact graft at the end of the third month was considered a success. A 10 dB hearing improvement in two consecutive frequencies in the range of 500, 1000, 2000, and 3000 Hz was regarded as an audiologic success. Furthermore, the patient's perforations were divided into anterior, inferior, and posterior and the success rate was evaluated in each subgroup. Perforations were also classified into small and medium on the basis of surface area and evaluated statistically on the basis of the Fisher exact test. RESULTS: An overall success rate of 84% and 71.5% was recorded in terms of perforation closure and hearing improvement. Statistically, the surface area of the perforation did not influence the outcome of the result, but anteriorly placed perforations showed a poor graft uptake. CONCLUSIONS: From the results herein, we find the technique to be convenient, highly cost-effective, time saving, and patient friendly, with closure rates comparable to other standard techniques of myringoplasty

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. In recent researches, it is demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed extensively in cardiovascular system and regulate gene expression in various cardiovascular diseases. Here, we are giving overview on number of miRNAs involved in pathophysiology of various cardiovascular diseases, and diagnostic and therapeutic potentials of miRNAs in these diseases. MiRNAs are a group of small non-coding mRNAs with approximately 18–22 nucleotides in length that regulate gene expression post transcriptionally. MiRNAs are regulated in various cardiovascular diseases like hypertension, congestive heart failure, congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease and stroke. Some of these miRNAs also act as potential biomarker of these cardiovascular diseases. Inhibition of these miRNAs via different approaches like chemically modified antisense oligonucleotide, antagomirs, and locked nucleic acids serves as effective approaches for inactivating pathological miRNAs. Clinical trials are being conducted on therapeutic and diagnostic potentials of miRNAs. However, extensive researches are required to explore the therapeutic and diagnostic values of miRNAs as successful as classical approaches.

Today, humans have incorporated the indiscriminate use of chemicals in their daily routine. This includes the inhalation of undesired pollutants, consumption of food adulterants, synthetic insecticides and pesticides used for increasing yield and the medicines consumed for health/therapy. The allopathic medicines contain besides the active pharmaceutical ingredient, many more excipients like binders, fillers, disintegrators, flavors, colors, and preservatives. All these are known to cause adverse side effects, and thus the healer components themselves are fast transforming into causative agents for disorders.

OBJECTIVE: To compare 2 distraction osteogenesis techniques in post-traumatic tibial nonunion patients with composite bone and soft-tissue defects. DESIGN: Nonrandomized prospective, case series, single-center study. SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Limb Reconstruction Unit, El-Helal hospital, Cairo, Egypt. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty post-traumatic tibial nonunion patients with composite bone and soft-tissue defects. INTERVENTION: Twenty-five patients were treated using bone transport (BT) technique, and 25 patients were treated using acute shortening (AS) and distraction technique. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The external fixation index (EFI); functional and bone results; and complication rates. RESULTS: All patients were followed for a minimum of 18 months after removal of their Ilizarov frame. AS and BT groups were followed up for a mean of 19.7 and 20.3 months, respectively. The mean bone gap after resection and debridement was 4 cm in AS group and 5.9 cm in BT group (P = 0.06). The mean EFI was statistically significant and lower in the AS group compared with BT group (P = 0.03). There were no other statistically significant differences between either intervention groups. CONCLUSIONS: Both techniques achieved comparable good to excellent results, and the differences in number of complications and ASAMI scores for bone or function were not statistically significant. Yet, it appears that the AS technique may be superior because it has a significantly lower EFI. This may not be feasible in all cases, however, because the AS technique is limited by the defect size and the condition of the surrounding soft tissues. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

BACKGROUND: Spinal intradural extramedullary teratoma is a rare condition, more common in children than in adults often with a history of spinal dysraphism. METHOD: We reviewed the literature and Pubmed advanced search showed nine results of intradural extramedullary teratoma in adults which included five independent case reports and three cases in a case series. We reported a rare case of intradural extramedullary teratoma in an adult located opposite L4 vertebra with neither spinal dysraphism nor any history of the prior spinal procedure. RESULTS: The occurrence of teratomas in the spine is extremely rare. Further, spinal intradural extramedullary teratoma is more common in children but a rare entity in adults. CONCLUSION: Although uncommon, spinal cord neoplasm should be considered in the differential diagnosis of backache or radicular pain associated with neurological deficits even in absence of spinal dysraphism or any spinal procedure.

Dengue is the most important arboviral infection of humans. Thrombocytopenia is frequently observed in the course of infection and haemorrhage may occur in severe disease. The degree of thrombocytopenia correlates with the severity of infection, and may contribute to the risk of haemorrhage. As a result of this prophylactic platelet transfusions are sometimes advocated for the prevention of haemorrhage. There is currently no evidence to support this practice, and platelet transfusions are costly and sometimes harmful. We conducted a global survey to assess the different approaches to the use of platelets in dengue. Respondents were all physicians involved with the treatment of patients with dengue. Respondents were asked that their answers reflected what they would do if they were the treating physician. We received responses from 306 physicians from 20 different countries. The heterogeneity of the responses highlights the variation in clinical practice and lack of an evidence base in this area and underscores the importance of prospective clinical trials to address this key question in the clinical management of patients with dengue.

PURPOSE: Impairment in number and functions of regulatory T cells (Treg) has been found to be associated with many autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was conducted to identify and compare Treg by flow cytometry using two different staining approaches. METHODS: Treg were identified by using CD4+CD25+high and CD4+CD25+CD127dim staining approaches in SLE and RA patients and healthy controls. Association of both identified Treg levels with various serum markers and clinical presentation was also examined. RESULTS: Blood CD4+CD25+CD127dim cells levels were 11.4+3.57 %, 9.76+2.37 % and 6.95+1.16 %; while CD4+CD25+high cells were 1.46+1.09 %, 0.95+0.59 % and 1.87+1.14 % in SLE patients, RA patients and healthy controls respectively. Number of CD4+CD25+CD127dim cells was higher than CD4+CD25+high cells in blood samples of all three study groups. Levels of CD4+CD25+CD127dim cells were significantly higher in SLE and RA patients, compared to healthy controls, but this difference was not observed for CD4+CD25+high Treg. CD4+CD25+high levels showed significant correlation with serum C4, IFN-γ and IL-10 levels in healthy subjects and with C4 levels and fever in SLE patients. CD4+CD25+CD127dim levels showed significant association with alopecia and oral ulcers in SLE patients only, but no correlation with measured serum markers. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that both staining approaches detect Treg differently and also that Treg play different role in pathogenesis of SLE and RA.

OBJECTIVE: Neurotrauma has been labelled as a "silent epidemic" affecting both the developed and the developing nations. To date, no single brain-specific biomarker has been unanimously accepted for routine clinical use in TBI. Our study aims to determine the correlation of "cleaved-tau protein" in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) at the time of admission, mode of injury, CT findings and outcome at discharge. METHODS: The study has been approved by the institutional ethical committee. 40 cases with severe TBI and 40 randomly selected healthy controls were included in this prospective study. Venous blood samples were collected and serum cleaved tau protein levels were measured and correlated with gender, mode of injury, CT findings GCS score and GOS score at discharge. RESULTS: In the severe TBI group, the mean serum cleaved tau protein levels in males were 91.65 ± 41.34 pg/ml (mean ± S.D.), and females were 104.43 ± 53.08 pg/ml (mean ± S.D.), (p = 0.27). Mean serum C-tau level in study group was 95.48 ± 44.87 pg/ml (range 36.44-192.34), 95% C.I. (81.13-109.83) and in controls was 33.82 ± 13.65 pg/ml (range 2.48-66.54), 95% C.I. (29.46-38.19) (p < 0.001). The distribution of serum C-tau was in severe TBI group varied in all categories of GCS at 0th day (p < 0.001). Serum cleaved tau protein levels in the good outcome group were 74.26 ± 25.43 pg/ml (mean ± S.D.), range 36.44-144.54, 95% C.I. (63.52-85.00) and the poor-outcome group were 127.32 ± 49.40 pg/ml, range 66.65-192.34, 95% C.I. (100.99-153.64) (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: In severe TBI, serum cleaved tau protein levels were significantly higher as compared to the controls in this prospective study. However, results of this study are preliminary in nature and there is a need to undertake larger prospective studies to reach a definitive conclusion.

Background: Dendrimers are nano-sized drug delivery systems that present significant advantages, including ease of construction, large number of polymers available for their synthesis and amenability to affix various types of ligands for targeting to specific site. The nanosystem with unique functional architecture and macromolecular characteristics has garnered considerable interest amongst researchers and various research reports and patents inputs can be found in literature. Objective: Till date more than ten families of dendrimers have been reported for their wide applications in medicine including diagnostic/clinical, and also in industrial arenas. Unlike traditional polymers, many dendrimers have remarkable features like improved aqueous solubility, biocompatibility, polyvalency and precise molecular weight. These features make dendrimers an ideal vehicle for drug delivery and targeting applications. Conclusion: The current review is an attempt to define types of dendrimers and their applications in drug delivery and cosmetics. The write up also highlights future perspectives of the multifunctional nanosystem. Keywords: Dendrimers, applications, cosmetics, biomedical, pharmaceutical, nanosized multifunctional platform.