Solusi University

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1) Pembelajaran operasi hitung pecahan di kelas IV, (2) Kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan operasi hitung pecahan kelas IV SD Gugus IV Kecamatan Buleleng, (3) Faktor-faktor kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan operasi hitung pecahan, dan (4) Solusi yang dapat diberikan untuk mengatasi kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan operasi hitung pecahan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 100 orang diambil dari populasi seluruh siswa kelas IV SD Gugus IV Kecamatan Buleleng yang berjumlah 143 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini ditentukan dengan teknik proposional sampel berdasarkan pada tabel Isaac and Michel dengan tingkat kesalahan 5%. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, tes, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Pembelajaran operasi hitung pecahan secara klasikal diperoleh rata-rata 82,17% berada pada kategori baik. (2) Rata-rata hasil tes menyelesaikan operasi hitung pecahan secara klasikal 43,86% berada pada kategori sangat rendah. (3) Faktor-faktor kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan operasi hitung pecahan yaitu faktor kesulitan siswa saat menyelesaikan soal cerita pecahan, faktor kesulitan siswa saat menyelesaikan soal penjumlahan dan pengurangan pecahan berpenyebut tidak sama, kemudian faktor kesulitan siswa dalam menyederhanakan pecahan. (4) Solusi untuk mengatasi yaitu cara mengajar guru lebih ditingkatkan lagi baik dalam penggunaan metode yang lebih bervariasi serta penggunaan media atau alat peraga dalam pembelajaran, perlunya peran keluarga dalam membimbing anak belajar di rumah.

Microporous carbons, with nitrogen groups or without, were synthesized and tested as ORR catalysts. A strong dependence of the ORR efficiency on the combined <italic>V</italic>_&lt;0.7nm, ECSA, and the number of dissociating groups (expressed as PIF) was found.

Aiming at understanding the structural integrity of two representative concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) module configurations, finite element thermal stress analysis is carried out in this investigation. This study covers the nominal and extreme operating conditions, including system startup and shutdown. While the first CPV module is bonded by epoxy-type material, the bonding material for the second CPV module is lead-free solder. The analysis of the first module confirms that this CPV module can endure the thermal stress under steady-state operation. However, residual stress analysis shows that the epoxy holding together the PV cell/aluminum nitride and aluminum nitride/heat sink pairs will likely break, first at some sporadic spots, and then in a good part of the bond causing the failure of the CPV module, as the cell temperature drops from 100°Cto0°C. Nonlinear viscoplastic analysis using the temperature profile of CPV cell fatigue test ongoing at United Technologies Research Center (UTRC) is performed to evaluate the structure strength and subsequently predict the life of the second CPV module. The result reveals that the maximum characteristic stresses of the PV cell components and heat sink are below the strength allowable for the corresponding materials under both the steady-state and overnight idle conditions. Critical locations on the solder that are potentially susceptible to structural failure after a few thousand thermal cycles due to the excessive shear stress are identified. A rough estimation of the module life is provided and compared with the fatigue test. This investigation provides firsthand understanding of the structural integrity of CPV modules and is thus beneficial for the solar energy community.

E-Government is about using the tools and systems, made possible by Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), such as Decision Support Systems (DSSs) as a strategy to enhance human resources output in public sector organisations. The aim is to provide better public services to citizens and the business sector. ICTs are already widely used by government bodies, especially in developed countries, just as in enterprises. In Zimbabwe, and in many other developing countries, Public Sector Organisations have already started exploiting DSS, unlike the private sector where such systems have been in use for a long time. DSSs have subsequently improved decision making processes in the private sector. Service efficiency and improved effectiveness are the expected benefits of DSSs exploitation alongside increased stakeholder value. This chapter aims to provide the grounds for building an evaluation theory or a framework for assessing DSS adoption and exploitation in the context of public sector and public services provision. It discusses the results of a study that finds that, to a greater extent, decision support systems can be used as an e-Government strategy that will in turn be highly effective in assisting decision making in Public Sector Organisations.

Abstract Conservation funding is currently limited; cost‐effective conservation solutions are essential. We suggest that the thousands of field stations worldwide can play key roles at the frontline of biodiversity conservation and have high intrinsic value. We assessed field stations’ conservation return on investment and explored the impact of COVID‐19. We surveyed leaders of field stations across tropical regions that host primate research; 157 field stations in 56 countries responded. Respondents reported improved habitat quality and reduced hunting rates at over 80% of field stations and lower operational costs per km 2 than protected areas, yet half of those surveyed have less funding now than in 2019. Spatial analyses support field station presence as reducing deforestation. These “earth observatories” provide a high return on investment; we advocate for increased support of field station programs and for governments to support their vital conservation efforts by investing accordingly.

The objective of this study was to determine the physico-chemical characteristics and consumer sensory scores of chevon from crossbred Xhosa lop-eared goats supplemented with Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOL). Twenty-four goats, aged 8 months, were divided into three groups with eight goats in each. All three groups were fed a basal diet of grass hay (GH) ad libitum and wheat bran at 200 g/head/day. In addition to the basal diet, the MOL and sunflower seed cake (SC) groups were fed 200 g dried M. oleifera leaf meal and 170 g sunflower seed cake, which contained 238 g and 233 g crude protein/kg, respectively, with GH having 141 g. Diet influenced chevon colour. Chevon from MOL- and SC-fed goats had higher values for lightness (L*) 24 h post mortem. The redness (a*) values of chevon 24 hours post mortem were significantly higher in MOL supplemented goats. Warner Bratzler shear force (WBSF) values of chevon from SC (30.1 N) and MOL (29.8 N) were lower than those for meat from GH diet (32.6 N). Chevon from goats fed GH diet had significantly higher cooking losses (29.5%) than that from the MOL (25.4%) and SC (25.6%) fed groups. Diet influenced the consumer sensory scores of chevon from goats supplemented with MOL, which had higher first bite, aroma, flavour and juiciness scores. Supplementing crossbred Xhosa lop-eared goats with an MOL diet produced chevon with the highest physico-chemical characteristics and consumer sensory scores.Keywords: Chevon colour, cooking loss, goat meat, sensory characteristics, tenderness

Aim: The study sought to assess the informal trader’s perceptions of the post-multicurrency regime financial inclusion confidence challenges in Zimbabwe and also through further future studies explore the potential of explicating a framework for achieving optimal financial inclusion in an economy recovering from a recession through further future studies. Setting: A non-probability judgment sample of 1000 informal traders in the Avondale area of Harare was used in this study. Method: The study established four potential financial inclusion construct pillars: demand side factors, supply side factors, behavioural factors and individual factors; these were largely influenced by age, which can be investigated in further future grounded theory studies to develop a framework. Results: The results indicate that healing from the financial experiences of the hyperinflation era of 2008 still has not been achieved. The study suggests a need for Zimbabwe to restore human rights, political stability, and ensure compliance with the Financial Action Task Force regulations regarding money laundering and terror financing in order to boost external confidence in the financial system of the country. Conclusion: There is still a challenge of confidence in the country’s financial system. The proposed framework is envisaged to minimise the negative impacts of the mistrust of formal financial service providers and boost confidence in the financial system. It is hoped that the findings will aid government to craft policies that will be perceived as supportive of the informal sector to achieve optimal financial inclusion. The study further suggests penetration of the rural areas through technological advances such as mobile networks.

Daily classroom teaching is still inefficient although a lot of time and money has been spent on it; one of the main reasons being that some vital aspects of teaching, like nonverbal communication are either neglected or not understood by the teachers. This descriptive study investigated the teachers’ use of nonverbal communication in the classroom and how it enhances teacher effectiveness as an instructor and as a disciplinarian. The research combined observation and interview data collection methods. It was established that, although teachers have relatively limited knowledge on nonverbal communication, they use quiet a number of them with positive impact on pupils’ learning.

An ethno-veterinary survey of plants used to treat certain bacterial diseases of livestock in three geographical areas of the Eastern Cape was conducted during 2013 to 2014. A purposive sampling technique was carried out using a semi-structured questionnaire and field observations to document indigenous knowledge in 48 communal households. From the respondents of the 48 households, 64.6% men and 35.4% women were interviewed regarding their knowledge on the use of plants for the treatment of bacterial diseases in livestock. &nbsp;Ten, eighteen and twenty respondents were surveyed at Goso, Ciko and Upper Ngqumeya, respectively. Six plants species, belonging to 6 families were documented and claimed by farmers to be used for the treatment of black quarter and paratyphoid in cattle. Results obtained showed that Agapanthus praecox Willd., Sarcophyte sanguinea and Olea europaea subsp. africana were used to treat black quarter, while Strychnos henningsii, Acokanthera oppositifolia and Dalbergia obovata were used to treat &ldquo;perceived&rdquo; paratyphoid in calves. Bark and leaves were the commonly used plant parts. Decoction and infusion were the main methods of preparation, while oral administration was the common route for treatment. Determination of the dose was done by using certain size bottles and plant parts by the handful as measurements. In the light of the present data, it can be concluded that, medicinal plants play a role in healthcare of livestock in rural communities. Key words: Cattle diseases, communal, farmers, Eastern Cape, medicinal plants.

Background: This study was an assessment of educators’ levels of concern on the adoption of Education 5.0: A case of a State University in Zimbabwe. Education 5.0 being a new curriculum reform in Zimbabwe which focuses on five pillars namely, research, teaching, community service, innovation and industrialisation. Educators are directly involved in implementing education reforms hence the importance of an assessment of their stages of concern towards the adoption of Education 5.0. Methodology: A survey using 35 questionnaire items adapted from the Concerns-Based Adoption model was used to collect data from a sample of 28 lecturers derived from a population of 30. The researcher completed a score sheet using the responses from the questionnaires. Data on stages of concern was coded using Likert scale of 0 to 3. Data was analysed to measure stages of concern among the educators who are implementors of Education 5.0. by averaging the five items per stage to determine the level of concern among the educators. Standard deviation for each stage of concern was also calculated to determine variations among the educators’ level of concern. Results: The study revealed that the educators had their highest intensity of concern under stage 2 (personal), followed by stage 5 (collaboration), and their least concern on stage 6 (refocusing), followed by stage 3 (management). These findings indicate that these educators are on the self-level of concern, much concerned about how they would personally be affected by Education 5.0 and least concerned about the task at hand, which is the implementation of Education 5.0. Conclusion: The high intensity scores of educators’ concern at the personal and collaboration stages suggest that educators are more worried about how Education 5.0 adoption would affect them personally and also their significant others, students being part of this group. It is expected of educators to be concerned about how their students will be affected because students are part of lecturers’ most valued clients.

The purpose of the study was to find out the challenges in the implementation of Inclusive education at Elulakeni Cluster primary schools in the Shiselweni District of Swaziland. The research employed the descriptive or survey research design. The population of the study consisted of 14 primary schools with 14 head teachers and seventy grades one to five teachers all of which were used for the study. A questionnaire of 33 items of the five point Likert scale was used to collect data. The instrument was face and content validated and the reliability determined using the Cronbach’s Alpha reliability method. An Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.655 was obtained for the instrument. The collected data was coded and analyzed using the descriptive statistics and factor analysis. The study revealed that eleven factors accounted for 76.426% variance in challenges in the implementation of Inclusive education. These are: teachers’ competency; material and financial resources; teachers’ friendliness, efficacy of administration; classroom environment; human resources; collaboration, productive responses to classroom challenges, fairness to all students; playing materials and spacious classrooms. Of these, teachers’ competency; material and financial resources; teachers’ friendliness, efficacy of administration were major challenges in the implementation of Inclusive education at Elulakeni Cluster primary schools in the Shiselweni District of Swaziland and these were either often or sometimes challenges as indicated by the overall means. Based on the findings, it was therefore recommended that the Ministry of Education (MOE) should consider training of administrators and teachers on Special Education needs and that the Government review the allocation of funds for Inclusive Education by increasing budgetary provisions to cater for the required resources in all schools.

Concept of a hypsochromic emissive intermolecular complex (HEIC) compared with the conventional exciplex and electroplex. A mixed host system with HEIC exhibits blue-shifted electroluminescence as well as photoluminescence.

Persistence of biological control agents against mosquito larvae was tested under simulated field conditions. Mosquito larvicidal activity of transgenic Anabaena PCC 7120 expressing cry4Aa, cry11Aa and p20 from Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. israelensis was greater than B. thuringiensis ssp. israelensis primary powder (fun 89C06D) or wettable powder (WP) (Bactimos products) when either mixed with silt or exposed to sunlight outdoors. Reduction of Bactimos primary powder toxicity was at least 10-fold higher than Anabaena's after mixing with silt. In outdoors experiments, Bactimos WP remained toxic (over 30% mortality of 3rd instar Aedes aegypti larvae) for 2-4 days only, while transgenic Anabaena's toxicity endured 8-21 days.

The twenty first century has witnessed a swift development in the production and usage of the Social Media Technology. Universities and other tertiary institutions have eagerly welcomed this development. However, a number of educationalists and material developers have foreseen the dangers of undue reliance and misuse of technology by these university students. This research wants to find out how productive do Solusi University students use the Social Media Technology. Questionnaires were distributed and collected from a randomly selected Solusi University student body (N=108) by the researchers. Data obtained from questionnaires was computed using the SPSS package. Results indicated that students were knowledgeable about the social media and they mainly used computers and mobile phones for their social media needs. Students mainly used the following social media types: social networks, for example, Facebook and MySpace; Social Search, for example, Google and Wikis for example Wikipedia. Findings also showed that students mainly used the social media for academic purposes and social communication, that is, what the social media is intended for. The step wise regression analysis showed a coefficient of .784 which is an indicator of a strong relationship between what the social media is ethically intended for and what it was used for by Solusi University students. An F value of 6.818 indicated that the regression was true and not by chance. Key words: Social media technology; social networking; tertiary institutions.

This chapter posits that Governance realignment from e-Government to e-Democracy constitutes a critical context for social and economic development in both developed and developing countries. E-Government and e-Democracy are not new phenomena in most developed countries and some developing countries in Asia and Africa. However, the degrees of political and economic variations between developed and developing countries poses a serious challenge to the efforts towards realignment of governance for social and economic development attainment. The findings in this chapter are that social and economic development lie at the intersection of e-Government and e-Democracy processes of governance realignment. Asymmetry in institutionalisation, and diffusion of e-Democracy amongst countries is widely attributed to economic and political variations in these countries. Unless these differences are skillfully identified and accommodated as such into the development and use models, e-Democracy efforts will not help achieve social and economic development goals, particularly those of developing countries.

The age of first sex has significantly reduced generally in the modern society, particularly Nigeria. Youths often dare the consequences of premarital sex to fulfil sexual desire which in most cases have dire effects on their health, education and social lives. This study investigated possible causes of premarital sex among youths as perceived by lecturers of University of Ilorin, Nigeria. The descriptive survey method was used for the study while a total of 160 respondents were purposively selected. The t-test statistical analysis was used to test the stated null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The measure of central tendency statistics was adopted to determine answers to the research questions. The results revealed that, personal reason was the most perceived reason for premarital sex among youths while inadequate knowledge of reproductive health was perceived as the most important specific factor. Respondents were similar in their perception based on gender and academic ranks. It was recommended that counsellors and health educators should endeavour to provide adequate information to youths on reproductive health and appropriate relationship with friends.

The study was driven by the need to elevate consumers’ switching costs so as to minimise consumer churning behaviour. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the product strategy on consumers’ brand switching intention behaviour. A marketing orientation of managing a product from a holistic approach was adopted and that was informed by previous theoretical modelling. The study followed a quantitative approach in the cola industry in Zimbabwe. Data was collected using questionnaires from a sample size of 432 respondents. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) - Amos Graphics was used to analyse data. The study confirmed that a holistic approach to product strategy is statistically significant in minimising churning behaviour of customers. Product availability and product quality were inversely influencing behavioural intention to switch brands whilst product price recorded a significant positive impact. Product range had an insignificant association with consumer attrition. The study concluded that consumers’ switching behaviour can be managed through a well implemented product strategy. To plummet brand switching behaviour, the study recommends effective product pricing, effective product distribution and improvements in product quality.

This study investigated on factors that affect the university financial sustainability, a case of a private University in Zimbabwe. The study employed a qualitative approach and used triangulation of data to ensure acceptable reliability. Methodological triangulation was done by using two methods: interview and a focus group discussion. The interviews were conducted with three lecturers and the focus group was composed of several senior students from different faculties. Three major themes emerged namely, adaptation, customer service and revenue streams. Findings show that the university needs to be adaptive, have good customer care and increase revenue streams in order to be financially sustainable.

In this research, the premise is that sharing data according to the guidelines for publishing open government data ensures greater transparency, delivers more efficient public services, and encourages greater public and commercial use and re-use of government information. This logic, drawn from previous literature and past studies, is extended by examining the interplay between economic benefits of e-Government and social considerations in adoption of e-Government models decisions. Drawing on organizational decision-making research, this research argues that, both early and late adopters respond to framing and interpreting adoption decision situations as opportunities, instead of threats, to enhance transparency and accountability. Following interpretivist research conventions methodology, the sampling plan was purposeful and included a total of 39 interviews. It is found that the social, political, and economic context of developing countries may not readily accommodate current models of openness in e-Government. The conclusion drawn in this research is that motivations for the openness in e-Government to appear legitimate coexist with motivations to realize transparency and accountability. These findings prompt rethinking of the classic institutional, framing, and diffusion model, to suggest openness in e-Government model that developing countries could adopt to suit their social and economic context, as a contribution to the body of knowledge.

This concept paper is a response to the calls for more research on servant leadership. It was propelled by the fact that many studies on leadership have focused on transformational leadership and team leadership in a midst of increasing interest on servant leadership. Although the servant leadership concept has been criticized for lack of empirical evidence, it is a viable option for this age which has been characterized by unethical dealings in the business world. In this situation, a leadership concept that appeals to human morals might therefore be the solution. The paper is based on literature search that seeks to explain the concept of servant leadership in business management by identifying its attributes, its antecedences and its outcomes. It also sought to make a distinction between leadership and management, authority and power in the context of servant leadership. A conceptual framework on servant leadership is then proposed. Practical examples on servant leadership as well as its criticisms are discussed. The conceptual framework will guide the organizations that seek to try out the servant leadership concept in their operations. It will also help individuals with the desire to become servant leaders on what is expected of them. Adoption of the servant leadership concept in organizations will also reduce the occurrences of business failures and financial scandals.