University of Blida 2

Oxygen deficient mesoporous cobaltites synthesized using nanocasting technique show high OER activity and surface modifications induced by potential cycling.

Africa is urgently in need of adequate basic infrastructure and housing, and it is one of the continents where massive construction activities are on the rise. There is a vast variety of potentially viable resources for sustainable construction on the continents, and consequently, the continent can bring innovative, greener technologies based on local sources effectively into practice. However, unlike established concrete constituents from industrialised countries in the global North, most of the innovation potentials from the African continent have not yet been the focus of intensive fundamental and applied research. This clearly limits the implementation of more sustainable local technologies. This paper presents a case for the need to first appreciate the rich diversity and versatility of the African continent which is often not realistically perceived and appreciated. It discusses specific innovation potentials and challenges for cementitious materials and concrete technology based on local materials derived from sources on the African continent. The unique African materials solutions are presented and discussed, from mineral binders over chemical admixtures and fibres to reinforcement and aggregates. Due to the pressing challenges faced by Africa, with regards to population growth and urbanisation, the focus is not only put on the technological (durability, robustness and safety) and environmental sustainability, but also strongly on socio-economic applicability, adaptability and scalability. This includes a review of alternative, traditional and vernacular construction technologies such as materials-saving structures that help reducing cementitious materials. Eventually, a strategic research roadmap is hypothesised that points out the most relevant potentials and research needs for quick implementation of more localised construction materials.

A modified Sips' energy distribution is proposed to account for Langmuir–Freundlich adsorption isotherms and Mittag–Leffler fractal kinetics.

Lack of understanding of new products’ positioning is one of the reasons proposed for their failure. Through a process of semantic transformation, product design can communicate a new product’s positioning to consumers. Drawing on the theoretical foundations of implicit cognition and the results of an empirical study, this article demonstrates that the Semantic Priming Task is a valuable tool to evaluate perceived product positioning conveyed by product design and to help practitioners in their decision-making with regard to product design.

Mental health is considered as one of today’s world’s most prominent plagues. Therefore, our work aims to use the potential of social media platforms to solve one of mental health’s biggest issues, which is depression identification. We propose a new deep learning model that we train on a depression-dedicated dataset in order to detect such mental illness from an individual’s posts. Our main contributions lie in the three following points: (1) We trained our own word embeddings using a depression-dedicated dataset. (2) We combined a Convolutional Neural Networks model with the Message-level Sentiment Analysis model in order to improve the feature extraction process and enhance the model’s performance. (3) We analyzed through different experiments the performance of three deep learning models in order to provide more perspectives and insights for depression researches. A total of four classifier models were deployed with the same dataset. Those implementing CNN-BiLSTM with Attention model attained greater overall Accuracy, Recall, Precision and F1 macro scores of 0.97, 0.95, 0.84 and 0.92 on the final assessment test set, respectively.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is a major health issue threatening women's life. No reliable epidemiological data on BC diagnosed by oncologists/senologists are available in Algeria. METHODS: The BreCaReAl study, a non-interventional prospective cohort study, included adult women with confirmed BC in Algeria. Disease incidence, patients and disease characteristics, treatment patterns, and mortality rate were recorded up to 12 months of follow-up. RESULTS: Overall, 1,437 patients were analysed: median age was 48 [41;57] years and 337 (23.5%) women had a family history of BC. BC incidence was 22.3 (95% CI: 21.5; 23.2) cases per 100,000 inhabitants over 8 months. Delayed diagnosis was reported in 400 (29.2%) patients. First line of treatments were mainly chemotherapy and surgery. Twenty-eight serious adverse events were reported including 10 (37.0%) events which led to death. Mortality rate reached 3.2% at 12 months CONCLUSION: A delayed diagnosis highlights the importance of implementing more effective screening strategies.

<p><span>Bitcoin uses elliptic curve cryptography for its keys and signatures, but the specific secp256k1 curve used is rather unusual. The ECDSA keys used to generate Bitcoin addresses and sign transactions are derived from some specific parameters. Due to this characteristic, several questions come up concerning Satoshi’s choice of this curve rather than that of the NIST standard secp256r1 curve. Former President Dan Brown’s address to Bitcoin users on the Bitcoin talk.org online forum concerning the use of secp256k1 in Bitcoin of SECG showed his surprise to see someone uses SECG secp256k1 instead of secp256r1 of NIST.</span><span>In this article, we will analyze the random secp256r1 curve and the Koblitz Secp256k1 curve (parameters, equation, automorphism…), by giving the strengths and weaknesses of each one of them, in order to justify the choice of Bitcoin’s creator, and then we will tackle the mining using the new graphic cards.</span></p>

This paper proposes a robust solution for the design and stability of nonlinear aeroelastic airfoils of fixed-wing drones that are widely exploited in many fields such as meteorology and surveillance. Therefore, conventional sliding mode and fuzzy sliding mode control algorithms are suggested for the stabilization of a multi-input-multi-output nonlinear aeroelastic model. The aerodynamic lift and moment are expressed based on the Wagner's function for unsteady aerodynamics, and the flight dynamic model describes the plunge and pitch motions of the aircraft wing section with trailing-and leading-edge control surfaces. The selected two-degree of freedom model that includes aerodynamic and structural nonlinearities interactions, exhibits instability phenomena such as flutter and Limit Cycle Oscillations (LCOs) beyond a critical free-stream velocity. The contribution of this work is to design control algorithms in order to improve the critical flutter speed for the aeroelastic model in which unsteady aerodynamics is introduced. The control laws permit to drive the plunge displacement and pitch angle trajectories to the origin in finite time, and to guarantee a chattering-free system. The obtained results confirm that the established controllers effectively accomplish suppression of LCOs and lead the state trajectories to the origin despite nonlinearities and gust loads.

Abstract This publication presents an overview of the major topics and issues to be considered when planning and implementing treatment as it applies to cancer care in Algeria, and access to prevention, screening, palliative, and treatment services. Situational analysis related to cancer shows that Algeria has significant advantages in terms of infrastructure, equipment, human resources, and even financial resources. Given the recent implementation of the national cancer plan, this analysis provides valuable initial insight into the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with cancer. The data provides a comprehensive picture of the fight against cancer with a focus on oncology. Better efforts should be made in the field of prevention, detection, and treatment for patients regardless of their age, health, or resources. Future investment in the field of cancer should strengthen the impact of the national capacities; the performance should be more than ever on the agenda of the national health authorities to achieve two goals, such as reducing cancer related mortality and reducing cancer incidence. The main objective is to stress the importance of being as close as possible to healthcare professionals and help them treat their patients better through training, not just new products, or technologies, but to think about sustainable strategies that look towards the future lying in precision and individualized healthcare.

Correction for ‘A modified Sips distribution for use in adsorption isotherms and in fractal kinetic studies’ by Jean Debord <italic>et al.</italic>, <italic>RSC Adv.</italic>, 2016, <bold>6</bold>, 66266–66274.

Improving cancer patients' knowledge of and adherence to precautionary measures is needed not just to reduce the risk of acquiring infection but also to minimize the interruption of their medical care.

596 Background: Luminal, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer (BC) encompasses the most common subtype of breast malignancies. Neoadjuvant strategies of operable BC are primarily based upon chemotherapy (CT), while neoadjuvant hormone therapy (NAHT) has not been well studied in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. However, these tumors might respond poorly to neoadjuvant CT with significant side effects, emphasizing the need to identify patients who could be candidates for NAHT. Methods: The SAFIA trial is a prospective multicentre, international, double-blind, neoadjuvant phase-III trial using upfront 21-gene Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score assay (RS) &lt;31) to select operable Luminal HER2-negative patients for induction hormonal therapy with Fulvestrant 500 mg +/– Goserelin (F/G) before randomizing responding patients to F/G + Palbociclib (Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 inhibitor / CDK 4/6) versus F/G + Placebo. The primary endpoint of this study was the complete pathologic response (pCR) rate. Results: A total of 354 patients were enrolled, leading to 277 patients treated with induction F/G. Of these, 253 responding patients were randomized to F/G fulvestrant with palbociclib or Placebo. Two hundred and thirty patients were evaluable for pathologic response. No statistically significant differences were identified in terms of pCR rates between F/G with palbociclib or placebo: 2% versus 7%, respectively. According to the radiologic responses post- induction F/G, the hormone sensitivity rate was 89.8%, while the clinical benefit of 8–9 months of neoadjuvant F/G was 96%. Safety in the MENA population was acceptable with a grade 3-4 neutropenia rate of 25% in the F/G plus palbociclib arm. The feasibility of performing the 21-gene breast recurrence score assay on core biopsy specimens was optimal in 96.4% of cases. Conclusions: The addition of palbociclib to neoadjuvant F/G did not show any additional benefit in terms of pathologic response, including pCR in neoadjuvant therapy of Luminal HER2-negative BC responding to induction F/G. The use of an upfront 21-gene assay appeared feasible on biopsy specimens, and the identification of tumors with RS&lt;31 allowed to select endocrine sensitive patients, leading ultimately to a 96% clinical benefit with 8–9 months of F/G neoadjuvant therapy. Clinical trial information: NCT03447132. [Table: see text]

Enseigner aujourd’hui à l’ère du numérique nécessite d’être capable de s’adapter aux bouleversements multiples qui touchent les individus et les sociétés. Le présent article propose une étude de l’innovation pédagogique dans le supérieur. Nous définirons d’abord le concept d’innovation, puis nous parlerons des contraintes qui pèsent sur les apprentissages en Algérie. Nous citerons quelques besoins pressants de formation des enseignants en fonction des avancées du numérique, notamment en matière de valorisation d’enseignement universitaire (enjeux et investigations financiers). Enfin, nous apporterons quelques pistes de réflexion en guise de prospective pour une innovation des méthodes et une mise à jour des connaissances en prenant en compte les défis de la mondialisation.

Abstract Intermittent water supply (IWS) is a water management system that is becoming increasingly widespread in developing countries and even in some developed countries. This article provides a comprehensive literature review of intermittent water supply and examines its causes, periods of water availability and residents' adaptation strategies. The analysis includes 81 relevant articles from different regions, including Asia, Africa, Europe, South and North America, with a focus on developing countries where IWS is widespread. The research indicates that climate change, inadequate infrastructure and rapid urbanization are among the leading causes of IWS as reported in the literature, although they may not necessarily represent the actual leading causes across all contexts. The availability of water under IWS varies considerably, ranging from a supply interrupted for a few hours each day, to a supply every 10 days. In response, residents employ a variety of coping strategies. The most common are storing water in household tanks, using water‐saving technologies and buying water from private suppliers. The study highlights the need for further research, particularly in under‐represented regions such as Africa and emphasizes the importance of sustainable solutions to improve water distribution systems. Infrastructure development and efficient water management are crucial to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially in rapidly urbanizing regions.

La relation entre le débit solide et le débit liquide dans les rivières algériennes est complexe et difficile à évaluer. Certaines de ces difficultés sont liées aux méthodes d'échantillonnage et au manque de données particulièrement celles relatives à la concentration des sédiments en suspension. Les hydrologues utilisent souvent les courbes de transport des sédiments pour définir la relation débit liquide/débit solide en suspension et pour estimer les concentrations de sédiments en suspension à utiliser pour les calculs des flux. Bien qu'il existe de nombreuses méthodes pour le développement des courbes de transport solide, la plus couramment utilisée est la fonction puissance Y = aXb reliant la concentration (ou le débit) de sédiments en suspension au débit liquide. La présente étude a pour objectif l'analyse de la relation puissance liant le débit solide au débit liquide, la quantification des apports solides fins déposés dans la retenue du barrage de Sidi M'hamed Ben Aouda (SMBA) et la vérification de la validité de cette relation pour différentes échelles temporelles. L'étude porte également sur l'analyse de la contribution des plus importantes crues au transport solide en suspension et l'effet d'hystérésis sur la relation concentration des sédiments en suspension C - débit liquide Q. L'analyse à différentes échelles temporelles de la relation puissance liant le débit solide au débit liquide dans le bassin versant de l'oued Mina laisse apparaître une certaine tendance d'évolution des paramètres a et b. Elle montre que ces derniers paramètres et indicateurs propres du bassin sont proches de ceux trouvés par de nombreux chercheurs ayant travaillé sur les régions arides et semi-arides. Les charges solides fins calculées montrent qu'elles sont pratiquement les mêmes pour les différentes approches d'estimation, entraînant une erreur maximale de 8%. L'analyse de la contribution des crues annuelles au transport solide en suspension montre qu'une grande partie du transport solide en suspension est évacué lors de quelques crues et qu'il n'est pas rare de trouver sur une année hydrologique moyenne que 80 ou 95% de la charge solide en suspension est fournie par deux ou trois crues seulement et dans environ 5% du temps annuel. L'étude de la relation fondamentale entre la concentration des sédiments en suspension C et le débit liquide Q, durant les crues, permet d'observer des boucles d'hystérésis, dans le même sens des aiguilles d'une montre, dans le sens contraire des aiguilles d'une monte et en forme de huit. Elle permet également d'engager des actions anti-érosives prioritaires permettant d'accroître la durée de vie et de préserver le potentiel hydraulique du barrage de SMBA.

The Prickly Pear cactus (Opuntia ficus indica) adapted to the conditions of arid areas where it offers to man and animals its nourishingand therapeutics properties The importance of this crop is related to its diversity of use and ecological role The juice obtained from thefruit pulp is characterised by a high pH 5.8 making its conservation difficult and its preservation requires thermal treatment at over 115°C which is harmful for the bioactive constituents and color compared to orange juice, processed at temperatures below100°C. The objective of this study aims to valuing this wealth of bioactive molecules of prickly pear and increase its consumption in the form of cocktails with orange juice. A stabilisation treatment by heat, weakly affects polyphenols rate which decreases from 10.5% for cocktail of 30%. The loss is 12% in the prickly pear juice. However, the vitamin C content decreases from 25 to 29% following thermal treatment at 85°C for 30 min for the orange juice and prickly pear juice. Thermal treatment of these juices showed that the antioxidant activity decreases. It is 16% in the presence of 30% of prickly pear juice. During storage the loss of vitamin C is 25% in the presence of 30% pear juice; the loss in polyphenol is low. Microbiological quality control showed the effectiveness of pasteurisation at 85°C. Valorisation in the form of natural cocktail juice is particularly interesting due to the contribution of bioactives compounds. It showed acceptable sensory quality.

The applications of organosulfur compounds, especially thioketones are varied which concerns both synthetic and biological chemistry. In this context, from the essential oil of Artemisia judaica L., extracted by hydrodistillation, and consisting mainly of piperitone (91.77 %), thione, and thiol derivatives were hemi-synthesized via a thionylation reaction byphosphorus pentasulphide (P 2 S 5 ). The possible thione-thiol tautomerism in solution followed spectrophotometrically revealed the predominance of thiol form in solution. The antimicrobial activity of essential oils showed that the thionylation of essential oil caused a considerable increase in antimicrobial activity in particular against Escherichia coli.

Les noyaux de peuplement du Zab occidental révèlent une forme d’habitat aggloméré et enveloppé par les aires productives oasiennes. L’analyse des sources textuelles successives a permis d’y discerner une organisation en réseaux qui semble être maintenue jusqu’au xive siècle. Néanmoins, des questionnements demeurent concernant l’identification des composantes de ces réseaux. Afin d’y répondre, l’étude de leurs modes d’irrigation et les procédés de partage de l’eau en tant que facteurs déterminants dans la distribution des peuplements demeure une approche dont l’efficience n’est plus à démontrer. Les documents relatifs aux savoirs de l’eau du début de la colonisation ont été exploités en complément des sources arabes médiévales. L’analyse des relevés topographiques militaires établis lors des premières incursions françaises dans les Ziban a permis de cartographier les réseaux des établissements, et d’en démontrer la hiérarchie en cités principales et agglomérations secondaires. La contribution propose ainsi une alternative aux démarches actuelles de « reconstruction » des aires culturelles rurales en Algérie, notamment celles de l’Atlas saharien.

Developing smart systems and strategies to transfer data effectively is a crucial challenge with a rising number of connected automobiles and objects in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). In networks with significant mobility, especially in sparsely populated areas with limited network coverage, the choice of relays to enable end-users to connect to the Internet is critical. Additionally, cellular connectivity might be costly for end-users. The suggested solution in this research uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to classify the end-users mobility and then select the best relays. This solution can be used alone to improve network efficiency without a centralized architecture or combined with other techniques to improve performance even further. In comparison to random selection or the use of fixed relays, simulations show that the proposal can support a large number of users concurrently, improve the packet delivery ratio, generate a stable topology, and do less delay.

Given the characteristics of learning medical topics, this study discusses the advantages of using concept maps (CMs) through action research process (ARP) as a core component of an undergraduate curriculum in medical education. Precisely, it presents evidence from an action research process aimed at assessing the impact of concept maps as a powerful tool for promoting meaningful learning on medical learners enrolled on the COVID-2019 module. Thus, medical learners (30) studied in fourth year of medicine in Algiers were selected by simple sampling method and randomly assigned into experimental (20) and traditional group (10).The findings from the study suggested that an implementation of CMs through ARP have been effective, positive and powerful in meaningful learning for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). So the performance of learners improved from pre-test to post-test with the normalized gain (g) was 0.30, considered moderately effective. Keywords: Concept maps, Meaningful learning, Action research process, Coronaviruses, Coronavirus disease COVID-19.   English Title: Utilisation de cartes conceptuelles pour ameliorer l'apprentissage de la maladie a coronavirus COVID-19: Preuves provenant d'un processus de recherche-action Cette etude examine les avantages de l'utilisation de cartes conceptuelles (CMs) par le biais du processus de recherche-action (ARP) en tant que composante centrale d'un programme de premier cycle en education medicale. Plus precisement, il presente un processus de recherche-action visant a evaluer l'impact des cartes conceptuelles en tant qu'outil puissant pour promouvoir un apprentissage significatif sur les etudiants en medecine inscrits au module COVID-2019. Ainsi, 30 etudiants en quatrieme annee de medecine a Alger ont ete selectionnes par une methode d'echantillonnage simple et repartis au hasard en groupe experimental (20) et traditionnel (10). Les resultats de l'etude suggerent qu'une mise en oeuvre des CMs par le biais de l'ARP a ete efficace, positive et puissante dans un apprentissage significatif sur la maladie des coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Ainsi, les performances des apprenants se sont ameliorees du pre-test au post-test avec un gain normalise (g) de 0,30, considere comme moderement efficace. Mots Cles : Cartes conceptuelles, Apprentissage significatif, Processus de recherche-action, Coronavirus, Nouvelle maladie a coronavirus COVID-19.