Western Nevada College

Journal Article Negotiators of Change: Historical Perspectives on Native American Women and North American Indian Anthropology: Essays on Society and Culture Get access Negotiators of Change: Historical Perspectives on Native American Women. Edited by Shoemaker Nancy. (New York: Routledge, 1995. 236 pp. Charts, notes. $59.95, cloth; $17.95, paper.)North American Indian Anthropology: Essays on Society and Culture. Edited by DeMallie Raymond J. Ortiz Alfonso. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1994. xi + 430 pp. Illustrations, maps, charts, tables, notes, bibliographies, index. $32.95.) Doris D. Dwyer Doris D. Dwyer Western Nevada Community College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Western Historical Quarterly, Volume 27, Issue 1, Spring 1996, Pages 83–84, https://doi.org/10.2307/969932 Published: 01 February 1996

) were restricted to the western and central regions of North America, but by the early 2000s, coyotes became ubiquitous throughout the eastern United States. Information regarding morphological and genetic structure of coyote populations in the southeastern United States is limited, and where data exist, they are rarely compared to those from other regions of North America. We assessed geographic patterns in morphology and genetics of coyotes with special consideration of coyotes in the southeastern United States. Mean body mass of coyote populations increased along a west-to-east gradient, with southeastern coyotes being intermediate to western and northeastern coyotes. Similarly, principal component analysis of body mass and linear body measurements suggested that southeastern coyotes were intermediate to western and northeastern coyotes in body size but exhibited shorter tails and ears from other populations. Genetic analyses indicated that southeastern coyotes represented a distinct genetic cluster that differentiated strongly from western and northeastern coyotes. We postulate that southeastern coyotes experienced lower immigration from western populations than did northeastern coyotes, and over time, genetically diverged from both western and northeastern populations. Coyotes colonizing eastern North America experienced different selective pressures than did stable populations in the core range, and we offer that the larger body size of eastern coyotes reflects an adaptation that improved dispersal capabilities of individuals in the expanding range.

Abstract The annular centrifugal contactor is a vertical, liquid - liquid, direct drive, centrifuge capable of both mixing and separating. Efficient mixing is achieved in the annulus between the spinning rotor and the stationary lower housing. Separation occurs in the rotor due to the enhanced density difference of two liquids at increased gravitational force. In this design, mixing and disengaging times of three and ten to thirty seconds, respectively, are typical. System equilibrium is reached in minutes, even for multiple stage processes, due to the low operating volume of these devices Annular centrifugal contactors, capable of nearly one theoretical stage per unit, are readily employed in complex processes. They can be directly coupled to one another because the rotor pumps the liquids from the annular mixing zone to a height sufficient to feed the next unit. New designs have recently become available which offer such enhancements as interchangeable heavy phase weirs, a low mix option, and a clean in place rotor. This commercially available technology is now being utilized for polymer, organic peroxide, pharmaceutical, and metals recovery processes to improve throughput and efficiency, lower process inventory, and reduce waste. The ability to process during complete phase ratio changes, intermittent flows, and changes in flow rate without loss of performance make these contactors an attractive extraction tool.

A new modeling technique has been introduced to predict the large deformation of flexible composites reinforced by plain-weave fabrics under biaxial loading. The only input required for calculations are the mechanical properties of the constituents and the fabric geometry. The constitutive equations are derived based on a strain energy approach, where fiber and matrix are accounted separately and the curved yarns are assumed to be in sinusoidal shape. Both material and geometrical nonlinearities are considered in the formulation. Good agreement has been found between predictions and experiments under various biaxial loading.

Analysis of the news content of the Louisville Courier-Journal showed a mixed commitment by Gannett to the editorial quality of the previously family-owned newspaper. Under Gannett, the Courier-Journal substantially increased the size of its news hole, but the average length of stories dropped, hard news coverage declined, and the number of wire-written stories exceeded staff-written pieces.

Limited excavations at Nangara-Komba Shelter along the northern margin of the Congo Basin have recovered evidence for intermittent and at times intensive human visits beginning approximately 5100 cal. BC. Numerous rock art panels adorn the shelter’s walls and ceramics appear to have initially been brought to the site between 1050 and 900 cal. BC, if not earlier. Charred Canarium schweinfurthii endocarp fragments were collected in all stratigraphic aggregates and reflect the use of canarium for food, fuel and/or medicinal purposes during the middle and late Holocene. Abundant quartz and quartzite artefacts occur throughout the deposits and mark a continuous and stable microlithic tradition. The site was used only by foraging groups who ultimately interacted with Bantu and later Ubangian farmers and possibly smelters. Nangara-Komba represents a sheltered context where the use of lithic tools appears to have persisted well into the late Holocene and is the only known site in the Central African Republic and Sangha River Interval with episodic occupations spanning the past 7000 years.

We have developed a computer vision teaching module consisting of materials for two or three lectures and a final project for use in a CS1 programming course. The final project is to write an image processing program with applications in computer vision. The program will read in a two dimensional array of data from a file that represents a black and white photographic image, perform one or more transformations on the data and write the transformed data to a new file. A simple image viewer program is used to display the before and after images. In addition to learning more about programming it is the intent of the project that students also have some fun with images. Most students did indeed enjoy the visual nature of the project and were surprised that they could write a program to accomplish so much after just one programming course. A few students wrote very creative transformation functions. This CS1 module is one of several developed as part of a CRCD project, sponsored by NSF. The modules are available for free use or adaptation by other instructors and institutions.

Age, chemical, and isotopic data from late Cenozoic volcanic rocks in the northern Sierra Nevada, California (USA), from Lake Tahoe north to the southern end of the modern Cascades volcanic arc, were obtained to investigate the evolution of the upper mantle beneath this continental margin during the transition from active subduction to the opening of a slabless window, and to test the possibility that the foundering of mantle lithosphere proposed for the southern Sierra Nevada extended to the northern reaches of the mountain range. Our data are consistent with previous work in the region and illustrate that volcanism shifted from widespread intermediate composition magmatism to small volume, localized trachybasalts to trachyandesites ca. 3 Ma. Similar to southern Cascades volcanism, 87Sr/86Sr and 206Pb/204Pb decrease, and εNd increase in the older (older than 3 Ma) volcanic rocks with increasing proportions of a slab component, as measured by increasing (Sr/P)N, where N is primitive-mantle normalized. We interpret these observations as evidence that the older volcanic rocks are subduction related and represent the products of basaltic melts derived from flux melting of mantle wedge that interacted to varying degrees during ascent with lower εNd and higher 87Sr/86Sr sub–Sierra Nevada continental mantle lithosphere. The younger volcanic rocks lack evidence for the involvement of a slab component in their generation, but have ranges of Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic compositions similar to those of older volcanic rocks interpreted to have interacted to the greatest extent with the continental mantle lithosphere. However, the younger volcanic rocks have higher high field strength element (HFSE) and higher phosphorus abundances, and higher (La/Yb)N, than their older counterparts, suggesting that they are not simply the products of smaller degrees of partial melting of the same mantle lithosphere involved in the older magmatism. The high HFSE and P contents were more likely controlled by metasomatic accessory carrier phases such as rutile and apatite, the stabilities of which control the abundance of these elements in melts produced from the lithospheric mantle after 3 Ma. One possibility is that the accessory phases were introduced to lithosphere during melt–wall-rock interaction associated with the older magmatic episode. These phases were then purged as a result of conductive heating of the remaining lithospheric mantle triggered by postsubduction upwelling of the sublithospheric mantle. Our data are consistent with lithospheric mantle serving as a melt reactor during the earlier subduction-related magmatism that was baked out during later conductive heating, a process that may be relevant to the production of immediately postsubduction magmatism along other continental margins.

Valproic acid was added to the treatment regimens of 21 psychiatric inpatients whose response to antipsychotic medications had been inadequate, and steady-state serum valproate levels were obtained on 15. The 7 patients who had unequivocal positive therapeutic responses to valproate improved at a mean serum level of 68, with a 95 percent confidence interval of 50 to 86. The 8 nonresponders had a mean serum level of 37.5 with a 95 percent confidence interval of 13 to 62. There was a weak relationship between oral dose and serum level. Two patients never reached therapeutic levels in spite of oral daily dosages of 5 g and 6 g respectively. Therapeutic levels could not be reached by 7 patients (47%) who were taking more than 1,250 mg daily. Our results suggest that the therapeutic serum range for seizures is valid for psychiatric patients but that the usual suggested oral dosage is often inadequate. Drug interactions may account for this.

Anaphylaxis is a serious, systemic allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and can cause death. Anaphylaxis often occurs in the absence of a health care professional, so it is essential for patients at risk for anaphylaxis to be identified and prepared in the event of an emergency. Identifying at-risk patients goes beyond a history of anaphylaxis; it is important to identify patients who may be at risk for a more severe anaphylactic reaction. Patients at risk for anaphylaxis should be provided an epinephrine auto-injector and appropriately trained in its use in the community setting.

The purpose of this descriptive research was to identify the similarities and differences of demographic characteristics, specific intervention practices, perceived barriers, and enhancement factors associated with smoking cessation interventions of rural and urban primary health care providers. A convenience sample consisted of 342 physicians, registered nurses, and advanced practice nurses with the majority of urban health care providers being younger aged physicians and advanced practice nurses compared to older, registered nurses in rural areas. Findings revealed minimal basic educational preparation of health care providers for smoking cessation interventions. Rural health care providers reported diverse, multiple practice settings with a generalist view, estimated that more of their clients smoked, and were less likely to assess clients’ smoking practices and initiate smoking interventions. Consistent, strong curricula education at all health provider levels and continuing education for new and more effective strategies is essential to empower health care providers to address smoking cessation interventions consistently and effectively.Keywords: Smoking Cessation, Enhancement Factors, Barriers, Interventions, Rural Health Care Providers, Urban Health Care Providers

There are three main types of left-turn control at signalized intersections: permitted, protected, and protected–permitted. Determining left-turn signal control types is one of the major elements in traffic signal design and operations, and it is a systematic approach involving complex decision rules. Existing guidelines for determining left-turn signal control have been primarily based on traffic volume, delay, geometry, crash experience, and other related factors. Such guidelines are generally presented in a flowchart format. One of the major shortcomings of the existing guidelines is that a single variable could dominate the decision process and thereby prevent a balanced consideration of all other important variables. A new guideline for determining left-turn control types mostly applicable to conventional left-turn displays is presented. The current format is designed for a four-leg intersection configuration; however, it can be easily adapted to the other formats. The guideline is based on the principles of multicriterion decision analysis and provides an index-based recommendation: a numerical scale is used to compare each type of left-turn control with the others instead of an absolute left-turn control type. With the data collected from the field, it is shown that the proposed guideline can be calibrated and tailored to specific left-turn control policies. Therefore, the guideline can be easily adapted by any jurisdiction.

(1993). Student Teachers' Mathematical Backgrounds and Attainment of their Secondary Students. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas: Vol. 66, No. 5, pp. 273-277.

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In the northwestern Lake Tahoe Basin, Pleistocene basaltic and trachyandesitic lavas form a small volcanic field comprising ∼1 km3 of lava that erupted from seven vents. Most of these lavas erupted subaerially and produced lava flows. However, where they flowed into an early Lake Tahoe (Proto-Tahoe), they produced deltas consisting of hydrovolcanic breccias as well as pillow lavas draped downslope, pillow breccias, hyaloclastites, and mixtures of lava and wet sediments. Consequently, various former shorelines of Proto-Tahoe are marked by subaerial lava flows overlying subaqueous lava deltas. Isolated explosive interactions produced lapilli tuff cones that built upward from vents on the lake floor or grew as littoral cones where subaerial lava flows crossed the shoreline. Six new 40Ar/39Ar ages define three Pleistocene episodes when lava erupted subaerially and flowed into Proto-Tahoe. Three cycles of canyon damming by lava and down-cutting occurred at the outlet of Proto-Tahoe in the Truckee River Canyon. The canyon was dammed at 2.3 Ma by basaltic lavas at Rampart, which raised lake level from ∼1897 m above sea level to 2048 m. The canyon was again dammed at 2.1 Ma by basaltic lavas at the outlet of Proto-Tahoe near Rampart, which raised lake levels from ∼1914 m to 2073 m. And finally, the canyon was again dammed at 0.94 Ma by trachyandesitic lavas at Thunder Cliffs, which raised lake level to 2085 m. Hence, ancient shorelines that are nearly 200 m above the present lake level are documented at 0.94, 2.1, and 2.3 Ma. The present outlet of Lake Tahoe through the Truckee River canyon has been operative for at least 2.3 million years. Even though the three lava dams are now eroded away, the repeated construction (and removal by erosion) of lava dams has diminished the erosion and deepening of the Truckee River Canyon that otherwise would have occurred. Hence, the soft-sediment sill of Lake Tahoe has been protected, which has helped to maintain the great depth of the lake (500 m). The timing of this repetitive volcanic activity raises implications for future volcanic eruptions and their hazards. The lake could be dammed by lava again causing extensive shoreline flooding as its level rose, or rapid dam failure could cause extensive downstream flooding along the Truckee River on its path to Reno.

The daily or frequent practice of health promotion activities by elders is critical to maximize health, decrease disabilities, and enhance well-being. The purposes of this descriptive correlational study was to (a) determine differences in 244 urban and rural elders and (b) relationships among health promotion activities, perceived health, functional health, perceived level of social support, and demographic characteristics. Data were analyzed using descriptive and linear regression to determine that the perceived level of social support was the significant predictor variable for the overall practice of health promotion. Race and functional health were significant predictors of lesser degree. The activities of exercise, nutrition, safety, and substance use were significant to urban and rural elders with different predicator variables for each activity.Keywords: health promotion, perceived health, functional health, social support, urban, rural, eldershttp://dx.doi.org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v1i2.490

In this paper, I describe the development of my personal research on music that transcends the limitations of human ability. I begin with an exploration of my early thoughts regarding the meaning behind the creation of a musical composition according to the creator’s intentions and how to philosophically conceptualize the creation of such music if one rejects the existence of abstract Platonic Forms. I then explore the transformation of my own creative process through the introduction of software capable of playing back music in exact accord with the inputs provided to it, while enabling the creation of music that remains intriguing to the human ear even though the performance of it may sometimes be beyond the ability of humans. Subsequently, I describe my forays into music generated by earlier algorithmic systems such as the Musikalisches Würfelspiel and narrow artificial-intelligence programs such as WolframTones and my development of variations upon artificially generated themes in essential collaboration with the systems that created them. I also discuss some of the high-profile, advanced examples of AI-human collaboration in musical creation during the contemporary era and raise possibilities for the continued role of humans in drawing out and integrating the best artificially generated musical ideas. I express the hope that the continued advancement of musical software, algorithms, and AI will amplify human creativity by narrowing and ultimately eliminating the gap between the creator’s conception of a musical idea and its practical implementation.

Journal Article American Indian Tribal Governments Get access American Indian Tribal Governments. By O'Brien Sharon. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1989. xviii + 349 pp. Illustrations, maps, glossary, bibliography, index. $29.95.) Doris D. Dwyer Doris D. Dwyer Western Nevada Community College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Western Historical Quarterly, Volume 22, Issue 2, May 1991, Pages 220–221, https://doi.org/10.2307/969220 Published: 01 May 1991

The location and geometry of the boundary between the Sierra Nevada microplate and the transtensional Walker Lane belt of the Basin and Range Province in the Lake Tahoe area have been debated. Two options are that the active structural boundary is (1) a few km west of Lake Tahoe, along the northwest-trending Tahoe-Sierra frontal fault zone (TSFFZ) or (2) within Lake Tahoe, along the largely submerged, north-trending West Tahoe-Dollar Point fault zone (WTDPFZ). Emerald Bay, a famous scenic locality at the southwest end of Lake Tahoe, is at the juncture between the TSFFZ and the WTDPFZ. There, utilizing high-resolution, multibeam-echosounder maps and derived bathymetric profiles, detailed field studies on land are integrated with bathymetric data and remotely operated vehicle observations to clarify the existence and activity of faults and sedimentology of the bay. Results include the most detailed structural maps of glacial moraines and the bottom of Lake Tahoe ever produced. Glacial moraines on both sides of Emerald Bay clearly have been deformed by normal displacements on faults within the TSFFZ and the WTDPFZ. Tectonic geomorphic features include scarps along moraine crests, locally back-tilted crests, and tectonic reversal of moraine crests, where older, higher moraines locally lie at lower elevations than younger, lower moraines. The alignment of crests of lateral moraines shows that dextral slip has not occurred during or since late Pleistocene glaciations. On the floor of Emerald Bay, submerged youthful faults that correspond to onshore faults that displace glacial moraines have numerous distinct, well-preserved, postglacial fault scarps, for which the vertical component of slip (vertical separation) is estimated.

Manufacturing and Industrial Technology (MIT) is one of the well-known majors at the College of Engineering of Tennessee Tech University (TTU) located in Cookeville, TN. MIT students graduate with a BS in Industrial Technology and take 121 credit-hour coursework