An automatic quick sampling device comprises an air compressor which is connected to one end of a three-way electromagnetic valve through a pipeline, the second end of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with a microcontroller to control the sampling air pressure and ventilation time, the third end of the three-way electromagnetic valve is inserted above a culture flask by a plug connecting piece at an opening of the culture flask through a pipeline, one end of a sampling pipe is inserted in the liquid to be sampled in the culture flask and the other end extends out from the plug connecting piece. Through adopting the automatic quick sampling device, sampling volume can be adjusted by changing pressure, the sampling time interval is less than 10 seconds, and the collected sample can be quickly cooled as required. The device has a simple and practical structure and has the advantages of quick sampling, high accuracy and good repeatability in addition, the device can be widely used for automatically and quickly extracting cells from the culture flask for the research on real-time genome, metabonomics, amino acid biosynthesis, etc.