The device, for use in contraception and in preventing transmission of sexualy transmitted diseases, comprises a thin, flexible pouch (1) having an open end (2) in the form of a peripheral flange with a peripheral ribbed rim (3), and a closed end (4). An insert (17) is provided within the closed end (4) of the pouch so as to protect the pouch during insertion thereof into the vagina by means of an applicator rod (15) or the like. The insert (17), which is typically absorbent and of flexible expanded plastics material, and may have dispersed therein a spermicide and/or an antiviral agent, comprises a central portion (18) and (extending radially outwardly from central portion (18)) four spurs (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d). A continuous coating layer of an adhesive material which can temporarily adhere the barrier device to mucous membrane material in the presence of aqueous body fluids is preferably provided on the vulva-contacting surface of the flange and/or the vagina-contacting surface of the pouch.