IL-4 mediated by HSV vector suppresses morphine withdrawal response and decreases TNFα, NR2B, and pC/EBPβ in the periaqueductal gray in rats.

Chronic opiates induce the development of physical dependence. Opioid physical dependence characterized by withdrawal symptoms, may have very long-lasting effects on the motivation for reward, including the incubation of cue-induced drug-seeking behavior. Elucidation of the mechanisms involved in ph... View More