Voronezh Institute of Ministry of Internal Affairs

Abstract In 1993 one of the authors formulated some conjectures on monotonicity of ratios for exponential series sections. These lead to a more general conjecture on monotonicity of ratios of Kummer hypergeometric functions, which remained open ever since. In this paper we prove some conjectures for Kummer hypergeometric functions and its further generalizations for Gauss and generalized hypergeometric functions. The results are also closely connected with Turán-type inequalities.

A procedure has been proposed for determining glycine in aqueous solutions using a molecularly imprinted polymer-modified piezosensor. The ability of the piezosensor to recognize glycine in its binary mixtures with alanine and valine has been evaluated, and selectivity coefficients and imprinting factors have been calculated.

In this paper, one-parameter families of integer translates of the Gaussian and Lorentz functions are studied. For a Lorentz function, we obtain formulas for the coefficients of the series defining node functions and show that the limit value of node functions is given by a sample function. For systems of translates generated by the Gaussian and Lorentz functions as well as by the node functions related to them, we obtain explicit expressions for the Riesz constants and study the parameter-dependent behavior of these constants. While proving some of the results of this paper, we establish the monotonicity of a special ratio of two Jacobi theta functions, a fact which is of interest in itself.

AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the ARVI prevention effectiveness in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) using interferon inducer amixin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conducted a comprehensive survey, dynamic monitoring and treatment of 60 patients aged from 49 to 70 years (mean age 60.25±4.57 years, 17 men and 43 women) with CHF with preserved ejection fraction of left ventricle (LVEF) (≥50%), II-III functional class (FC) according to the classification of new York Heart Association (NYHA), which developed as a result of coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertensive disease (HD). Of these, 30 patients (group 1) on the background of standard therapy for CHF received for the prevention of ARVI tiloron (Amixin) at a dose of 125 mg once a week for 6 weeks, two courses for 1 year. Group 2 patients received only standard therapy for CHF. RESULTS: A decrease in the frequency of ARVI in patients with CHF treated with Amixin was found, which was accompanied by a decrease in the severity of subclinical inflammation by reducing the production of proinflammatory (IL-1β) and increasing the production of anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, reducing neurohumoral activation (reducing levels of aldosterone and Nt-proBNP), increasing the level of α- and γ-interferon. The positive dynamics of biomarkers of systemic inflammation and neurohormonal activation explains the improvement of the clinical course in patients with CHF (increase of tolerance to physical loads, reducing the number of visits to General practitioner and hospital admissions in the hospital during 12 months of observation). CONCLUSION: A promising approach to the prevention of SARS in patients with CHF is course therapy with Amixin (2 times a year before the seasonal rising in the incidence of respiratory viral infections and influenza), which allows to achieve both decreasing in the frequency of SARS per year, and improvement the clinical course of CHF.

In this paper we study single-parametric systems of integer shifts of Gauss and Lorenz functions. In case of Cauchy--Lorenz system we explicitly calculate nod functions and prove that it tends to sinc function in limit. For both Gauss and Cauchy--Lorenz systems and corresponding nod functions we explicitly calculate Riesz constants via trigonometric, hyperbolic and Jacobi theta-functions, also limit behavior of this values is found depending on parameters. A special result is a sharp monotonicity property proved for a special ratio of Jacobi theta-functions which is important in many areas. Brief discussion of numerical methods is included with additional references. Different applications are outlined to coherent states and atomic spectra. Some unsolved problems and comments are added.

Введение: Преступность несовершеннолетних во все времена являлась одним из наиболее важных факторов, оцениваемых при анализе эффективности борьбы с преступностью. В настоящее время виды преступлений, совершаемых несовершеннолетними, а также способы их совершения претерпели значительные изменения. Это связано с ухудшением характера преступности несовершеннолетних, которая стала отличаться особой жестокостью, корыстной направленностью и организованностью. В статье рассматривается современное состояние преступности несовершеннолетних. Определено понятие «несовершеннолетний», содержащееся в российском уголовном законодательстве и официальных нормативных правовых актах. Приводится термин «преступность несовершеннолетних», раскрываемый учеными-теоретиками и практическими работниками в области криминологии. Анализируются количественные (уровень, динамика) и качественные (структура, характер) показатели пре- ступности несовершеннолетних на основе официальных статистических данных ГИАЦ МВД России за 2016–2020 гг. с учетом относительно высокого уровня латентности преступлений, совершаемых в несовершеннолетнем возрасте. Несмотря на серьезные эпидемиологические вызовы 2020 г. и связанные с ними социально-экономические сложности, считается, что криминогенную ситуацию в стране удалось стабилизировать. По данным Генеральной прокуратуры Российской Федерации, последние 5 лет показатели подростковой групповой преступности последовательно снижались (с 2016 г. она сократилась более чем на 30 %). Статистика Федеральной службы исполнения наказаний за более чем 10 лет свидетельствует о последовательном снижении численности несовершеннолетних, отбывающих наказание в воспитательных колониях. Так, среднесписочная численность осужденных воспитательных колоний составляла: 2016 г. – 1764, 2017 г. – 1678, 2018 г. – 1443, 2019 г. – 1354, 2020 г. – 1251. При этом достаточно постоянным остается количество осужденных, ранее уже отбывавших наказание в воспитательных колониях (рецидивистов), – 27–19 чел. Заметим, однако, что та- кие оптимистичные данные объясняются, в частности, стремлением государства снизить количество лиц, содержащихся в местах лишения свободы, и по этой причине не могут являться доказательством абсолютного благополучия в сфере преступности несовершеннолетних. Цель: изучение современного состояния и криминологических особенностей преступности несовершеннолетних для дальнейшей разработки предложений по совершенствованию мер профилактики, осуществляемых правоохранительными органами, государственными и общественными структурами. Методы: в первую очередь использовался всеобщий диалектический метод познания, кроме того, методологическую основу исследования составили общенаучные методы, такие как обобщение, анализ, синтез, дедукция и индукция, классификация, типизация, системно-структурный метод, метод сравнения, и частнонаучные методы: анализ нормативных документов и статистический метод. Результаты: преступность несовершеннолетних – это одна из составных частей преступности в целом, и в то же время она выделяется в составе женской, неосторожной, умышленной, пенитенциарной, корыстной, насильственной и других видов преступности. За период 2016–2020 гг. общее количество преступлений, совершенных несовершеннолетними, сократилось на 31,6 %, а число выявленных несовершеннолетних, совершивших противоправные деяния, снизилось на 44,7 %. В структуре преступности несовершеннолетних значительную часть занимают корыстные и корыстно-насильственные преступления, большинство из которых составляют преступления против собственности (60,8 %). Выводы: по итогам анализа современного состояния преступности несовершеннолетних выявлены характерные черты, детерминирующие противоправное по- ведение подростков, которые в итоге способствуют появлению и развитию у несовершенно- летнего чувства безнаказанности и ведут в конечном итоге к повторному совершению преступлений. Introduction: juvenile delinquency has always been one of the most important evaluated factors when analyzing effectiveness of the fight against crime. Currently, the types of crimes committed by minors, as well as methods of their commission, have undergone significant changes. This is due to deterioration of the nature of juvenile delinquency, which is now characterized by special cruelty, mercenary orientation and well-managed organization. The article examines the current state of juvenile delinquency. The concept of “minor” contained in the Russian criminal legislation and official regulatory legal acts is defined. The term “juvenile delinquency”, disclosed by theoretical scientists and practitioners in the field of criminology, is given. Quantitative (level, dynamics) and qualitative (structure, nature) indicators of juvenile delinquency are analyzed on the basis of official statistical data of the Main Informational and Analytical Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for 2016–2020, with regard to a relatively high level of crime latency. Despite serious epidemiological challenges of 2020 and socio-economic difficulties associated with them, it is believed that the criminogenic situation in the country has been stabilized. According to the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation, the indicators of juvenile group crime have been consistently decreasing over the past 5 years (since 2016 it has decreased by more than 30%). Statistics of the Federal Penitentiary Service for more than 10 years indicate a consistent decline in the number of minors serving sentences in juvenile correctional facilities. Thus, the average number of convicted persons in these institutions amounted to 1,764 in 2016, 1,678 in 2017, 1,443 in 2018, 1,354 in 2019, and 1,251 in 2020. At the same time, the number of repeat offenders remained fairly constant: 27–19 people. It is noteworthy, however, that such optimistic data are connected, in particular, with the state’s desire to reduce a number of persons held in places of deprivation of liberty, and for this reason cannot be proof of absolute well-being in the field of juvenile delinquency. Purpose: to study the current state and criminological features of juvenile delinquency for further development of proposals to improve prevention measures implemented by law enforcement agencies, state and public structures. Methods: the universal dialectical method of cognition is used; in addition, the methodological basis of the research is made up of general scientific methods, such as generalization, analysis, synthesis, deduction and induction, classification, typing, system-structural method, comparison method, and private scientific methods, such as analysis of normative documents and statistical method. Results: juvenile delinquency is one of the components of crime in general, and at the same time it stands out as part of female, careless, intentional, penitentiary, mercenary and violent and other types of crime. In 2016–2020, the total number of crimes committed by minors decreased by 31.6%, and the number of identified minors who committed illegal acts went down by 44.7%. In the structure of juvenile delinquency, a significant part is occupied by mercenary and mercenary-violent crimes, most of which are crimes against property (60.8%).

The dielectric properties of composite materials prepared by the embedding of ferroelectrics potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP), cesium dihydrophosphate (CDP), as well as antiferroelectric ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) into porous glass matrices with an average size of through pores of 7, 46, and 320 nm have been studied. It was found that an increase occurred in the phase transitions temperature (TC) for embedded particles in comparison with corresponding bulk materials. Some possible mechanisms of influence of “restricted geometry” on the Curie temperature are discussed. Estimates of TC shifting as a result of the “pressure effect” caused by elastic stresses in embedded particles as well as the result of bias electric field influence arising due to the piezoelectric effect are made. The possibility of using the tunneling Ising model to explain the experimental results is discussed.

The paper is an attempt to cover some of the issues of using information and communication technologies (ICT) in foreign languages teaching and learning (FLT/FLL) on the basis of intercultural approach. The facilities of Internet along with computer programs, audio and video devices, interactive whiteboards and telecommunications are considered. Special attention is given to the peculiarities of telecommunication projects; the example of telecommunication project realization is represented. The advantages and disadvantages of distance language learning are considered. Besides, some diffi culties that students and teachers come across during ICT-supported language education are also discussed. Key words: information and communication technologies (ICT), foreign language teaching and learning (FLT/FLL), computer programs, interactive whiteboards, Internet-based (telecommunication) projects, distance learning.

This article discusses the problem of developing a mathematical model to describe the process of training cadets of law enforcement agencies in higher educational institutions, which are a complex system. Currently, reality places high demands on the qualifications and personal qualities of law enforcement officers, which in turn requires the relevant educational organizations to carry out advanced professional training of specialists. The functioning of higher educational institutions of law enforcement agencies is influenced by objective and subjective factors. To this end, in order to increase the efficiency of managerial decision-making in the process of training cadets of law enforcement agencies in higher educational institutions, it is proposed to use a mathematical model of training and education of a group of cadets, developed on the basis of the method of operations research, specifically the theory of Markov random processes that occur during continuously changing time and use discrete states of the system. The mathematical model of training and education of a group of cadets in its functioning uses streams of events that have the properties of stationarity and ordinariness. The process of transition from one state to another is described in the form of a marked graph of states with a transition probability density. Setting the intensity of the event flows will allow you to find the limiting probabilities and predict the states in which the study group is located. This approach will reduce the level of subjectivity of university staff and will allow structuring and optimizing the process of assessing the level of knowledge of cadets.

Objective : to provide the comparative characteristics of changes in the height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) of children from the Voronezh Region in 1997–1999 and 2011–2014 on the basis of the WHO standards in order to assess trends in the physical development of a pediatric population. Methods. The data of medical examinations made in healthy children aged 1–15 years in 1997–1999 (Group 1) and 2011–2014 (Group 2) were used. The Z-scores for height-for-age, weight-for-age, and BMI-for-age were calculated using the software WHO AnthroPlus. Results. Groups 1 and 2 included 10,247 and 4,940 children, respectively (mean age, 7.5±3.8 and 8.0±4.0 years). The mean Z-scores for height-for-age in Group 2 (0.24±1.02) were higher than those in Group 1 (0.14±1.9) and more in line with the WHO standard distribution (р<0.0001). Those for weight-for-age in Group 2 (0.41±0.98) were higher than in Group 1 (0.22±1.10) and more different from the WHO values (p<0.0001). The BMI values in today’s children were close to the WHO standards (0.27±1.31 and 0.18±1.02 in Groups 1 and 2, respectively). The height, weight, and BMI were higher in the boys in Group 2 than in the girls (p<0.05). Conclusion. Regular studies of physical development indices can reveal changes and evaluate the impact of various factors in order to develop measures for improving the health status of children.

The series of composite materials based on polystyrene and non-ferroelectric BaTiO3 nanoparticles ((1-x)PS-xBT, where the volume concentration x = 0−1.0) was prepared. Their dielectric properties were studied within the temperature range 20–160 °C at the frequency of 100 kHz. It is found that an increase in the barium titanate concentration leads to increase of the both dielectric permittivity (ε) and dielectric losses (tgδ). The concentration dependence of ε can be described by the modified Kerner model. It was found that the glass transition in polystyrene matrix is diffused and its temperature is increased with concentration x.

The temperature dependences of the dielectric constant and the intensity of the third harmonics are studied at temperatures of 100–470 K for barium titanate, strontium titanate, and a 0.5BaTiO3–0.5SrTiO3 blended nanocomposite with an average crystallite size of around 100 nm. Magnetic hysteresis loops are obtained for BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 samples whose room-temperature spontaneous magnetizations are comparable in value. The effect thermal treatment has on the magnetic properties of nanocrystalline strontium titanate is discussed. Their spontaneous magnetization is shown to decline as a result of thermal treatment.

This article discusses an approach to the development of a network model based on the target installation of complex organizational systems for special purposes using methods for determining the coefficients of relative importance of the goals of this system based on the method of paired comparisons, which are based on the Thurstone model, to denote the arcs of the graph for the network model. The development of a graph for a network model is based on an expert survey by an expert group on the importance of goals for complex organizational systems of special purpose. The problem of formal assessment of the level of training of experts in a discrete subject area has been studied in various scientific papers, however, among many scientific papers it is difficult to single out one that could give an integral assessment of the level of knowledge that would objectively assess the main qualities of an expert. In this paper, it is proposed to carry out such an assessment based on statistics, the participation of experts in similar examinations. As an advantage of the software in question

Abstract In this paper, the digital algorithm and the device for the demodulation of the quadrature amplitude modulation signals are considered. The fundamental advantages of our approach are simple hardware implementation, minimal number of arithmetic operations required over the signal period as well as the potential interference immunity in the presence of Gaussian noise. The expressions have been found for the error probability and their inaccuracy has been estimated. By means of the statistical simulation methods, the practical interference immunity of the introduced demodulator, together with the influence of phase locking errors have been tested. The introduced demodulator can be implemented either as a device independent from the programmable logic devices, or as an installation unit of the receiver equipment.

The paper presents the conceptual framework for assessing the level of security of automated systems based on their vulnerability. The analysis of regulatory standards, methodological recommendations and regulatory documents in the field of assessment and classification of vulnerabilities of information systems is carried out. According to the analysis of the draft update of regulatory documents, it was concluded that the terms automated system and information system are equal, which allows applying all the necessary requirements, recommendations, formal descriptions, and other standardized requirements applicable to information systems. The analysis of the process and causes of the detection of vulnerabilities of the automated system, the formation of sets of vulnerabilities, the definition of the basic vulnerability of the automated system, and the current vulnerability of the automated system, as well as the ways to eliminate these vulnerabilities are considered. The method of assessing the criticality of vulnerabilities of the FSTEC of Russia, based on the international CVSS 3.1 methodology, is considered. In order to make it easier to independently calculate the criticality of vulnerability, adaptation is made, and a thorough description of the process of assessing the criticality of vulnerability of the CVSS 3.1 standard is made. A methodology for assessing the level of security is proposed by analyzing the criticality of the vulnerability of an automated system (the totality of the criticality of vulnerabilities of an automated system). Conclusions are drawn about the direction of further research: the construction of a security assessment model based on vulnerability, as well as a vulnerability prediction model.

The AC electrical conductivity (σ) of polycrystalline NaNO2 and SiO2-NaNO2 composite, prepared by embedding of sodium nitrite into porous glasses with 7, 46 and 320 nm average pore diameter, have been studied at frequencies of 0.1 Hz–1 MHz within temperature range of 300–500 К. It was found a considerable increase of σ in sodium nitrite inclusions under restricted geometry conditions. A study of frequency dependences of σ shows a strong contribution of hopping mechanism to total electrical conductivity. The trend to reduction of activation energy of σ with decreasing of matrix pore diameter was revealed.

Influence of thermal treatment in H2 atmosphere on magnetic and dielectric properties of nanocrystalline BaTiO3 samples was studied. It was found that increase of the concentration of oxygen vacancies during prolonged annealing in hydrogen leads to a noticeable increase in the diamagnetic response and a decrease in the magnetization and dielectric permittivity. Observed changes of magnetic properties probably are caused by the modification in a state of oxidation of titanium ions in the surface layer. Along with these the experimental results revealed that magnetization of the nanocrystalline BaTiO3 is proportional to the total surface area of nanogranules in the sample.

A sensor based on a piezoelectric quartz resonator modified with the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of calix[4]resorcinarene is proposed for the detection of volatile organic compounds. Parameters for the formation of ordered LB films based on calix[4]resorcinarene were optimized, and the effects of the pH and metal ion content of the subphase on the behavior of the Langmuir monolayers of calix[4]resorcinarene were studied. The effects of the number of monolayers in a sensor coating, the pH of the subphase from which the monolayers were transferred, and the presence of copper ions in the subphase on the response of the resulting piezoelectric quartz sensors to the vapors of various volatile organic compounds (ethanol, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, ethyl acetate, acetone, hexane, and cumene) were studied. It was found that the proposed sensor was characterized by a short response time and reproducible measurements.

This article deals with fast digital algorithms for detecting narrowband signals, describes their properties and gives their characteristics. It also proves their high efficiency in the presence of noise interference. Possibilities for detecting phase- and frequency-shift keyed signals have been considered.

We develop a method for studying relations between interior and exterior characteristics of an information-analytical system.As interior characteristics, we use the balance estimates accounting for conict interactions among the elements.We solve the problem on assuming that the interior and exterior characteristics of the system are related.We justify the expediency of using the least squares method to nd an explicit functional dependence among the characteristics.We develop a method for calculating the functional dependence in the case of a matrix representation of the values of characteristics basing on pseudoinverse matrices.A numerical example illustrates how the proposed method works in the structure parametric modeling of an information-analytical system in an internal aairs department.