Gemalto (Israel)

At present, most M2M solutions in different industries use proprietary systems that often comprise all layers, from physical to application, to provide their specialized M2M services to customers. These proprietary systems make it difficult to extend systems to support new services, integrate new data, and interoperate with other M2M systems. This issue motivated various standard organizations to establish a new partnership project, the "oneM2M Global Initiative," to standardize a common M2M service layer platform for globally applicable and access-independent M2M services. This article presents a snapshot of the latest progress in oneM2M standardization such as the requirements, agreed architecture, candidate protocols, security aspects, and device management and abstraction technologies.

Abstract The size and low resistivity of the clay cap associated with a geothermal system create a target well suited for electromagnetic (EM) methods and also make electrical detection of the underlying geothermal reservoir a challenge. Using 3-D numerical models, we evaluate four EM techniques for use in geothermal exploration: magnetotellurics (MT), controlled-source audio magnetotellurics (CSAMT), long-offset time-domain EM (LOTEM), and short-offset time-domain EM (TEM). Our results show that all of these techniques can delineate the clay cap, but none can be said to unequivocally detect the reservoir. We do find, however, that the EM anomaly from a deep, conductive reservoir overlain by a larger, more conductive clay cap is caused by the presence of the electric charge at conductivity boundaries rather than electromagnetic induction. This means that, for detection of the reservoir, methods such as MT, which rely on electric field measurements, are superior to those where only the magnetic field is measured. The anomaly produced by boundary charges at the reservoir is subtle and will be evident only if high-quality data are collected at closely spaced measurement sites. LOTEM electric field measurements look promising and should be useful when efficient multidimensional tools are developed for LOTEM interpretation. Although CSAMT employs electric field measurements, this method is not recommended for reservoir detection because the anomaly caused by a deep reservoir is obscured by transmitter effects that cannot be isolated reliably. A combination of CSAMT and TEM measurements appears most appropriate for delineation of the clay cap.

In this paper, we show that Web protocols and technologies are good candidates to design the Internet of things. This approach allows anyone to access embedded devices through a Web application, via a standard Web browser. This Web of things requires to embed Web servers in hardware-constrained devices. We first analyze the traffics embedded Web servers have to handle. Starting from this analysis, we propose a new way to design embedded Web servers, using a dedicated TCP/IP stack and numerous cross-layer off-line pre-calculation (where information are shared between IP, TCP, HTTP and the Web application). We finally present a prototype - named Smews - as a proof of concept of our proposals. It has been embedded in tiny devices (smart cards, sensors and other embedded devices), with a requirement of only 200~bytes of RAM and 7~kilo-bytes of code. We show that it is significantly faster than other state of the art solutions. We made Smews source code publicly available under an open-source license.

Spectral-spatial pulses (spsp pulses) selectively excite spins at spatial location z and spectral frequency (due to chemical shift and/or field inhomogeneity) v. In this work we discuss the design of improved spsp pulses for fat signal suppression. Optimal pulses are designed as optimal constant ripple FIR filters using the inverse SLR transform. Spsp pulses with thin slices are obtained by modifying the phases between subpulses, thereby eliminating unwanted magnetization lobes. Robust spsp pulses at off-center slices are obtained with a prescan calibration. These pulses are used either for selective fat saturation or for selective water excitation. It is shown that spsp pulses suppress fat signal better than conventional fat saturation pulses. Using the techniques presented in this article, we replaced all the fat saturation pulses on our systems with spsp pulses and obtained a significant improvement in image quality.

Abstract The phenomenon of geopressure is essentially stratigraphic in nature. In most cases, its occurrence correlates strikingly well with some mappable geologic characteristics, such as lithology changes, sediment deformation, and faulting. High-precision velocity estimates can be made from the apparent amplitude variations with offset (AVO) that result from moveout errors, even if the seismic data itself lacks any intrinsic AVO. These velocity estimates provide us with an opportunity to estimate cross-sections and 3-D volumes of the gradient of pore pressure with depth from surface seismic data. These cross-sections and volumes may be obtained through the estimation of seismic interval velocities as a function of depth, subtraction of the shale compaction trend, and the calibration of trend deviations in terms of pore-pressure gradients. When viewed in combination with stacked seismic sections, the pore-pressure gradient sections provide the interpreter added information about the hydrogeology of the sediment. In this paper, we show examples of pressure gradients caused by a lithology change, sealing faults, and fluid migration flows. Pressure gradient cross-sections are also extremely useful for the design of mud densities and casing prior to spudding a well.

Se propone una fundamentación metodológica del grupo de discusión que sustituya el enfoque psicoanalítico -que supone una esencia intemporal de "grupo"- por un enfoque que contempla la producción de discurso como un acto que pone en relación agentes dotados de unos esquemas de producción de sentido -adquiridos en su trayectoria social e incorporados mediante familiarización inconscinete- con una serie de "situaciones sociales" que introducen una serie de reglas y constricciones sobre lo decible. El manejo de esta técnica tendrá que tener en cuenta, así, la estructuración del "orden público interaccional" del medio social en que se pretende investigar.

BACKGROUND: More than 50% of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes present cytogenetic aberrations at diagnosis. Partial or complete deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5 is the most frequent abnormality. The aim of this study was to apply fluorescence in situ hybridization of 5q31 in patients diagnosed with de novo myelodysplastic syndromes in whom conventional banding cytogenetics study had shown a normal karyotype, absence of metaphases or an abnormal karyotype without evidence of del(5q). DESIGN AND METHODS: We performed fluorescence in situ hybridization of 5q31 in 716 patients, divided into two groups: group A patients (n=637) in whom the 5q deletion had not been detected at diagnosis by conventional banding cytogenetics and group B patients (n=79), in whom cytogenetic analysis had revealed the 5q deletion (positive control group). RESULTS: In group A (n=637), the 5q deletion was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in 38 cases (5.96%). The majority of positive cases were diagnosed as having the 5q- syndrome. The deletion was mainly observed in cases in which the cytogenetics study had shown no metaphases or an aberrant karyotype with chromosome 5 involved. In group B (n=79), the 5q deletion had been observed by cytogenetics and was confirmed to be present in all cases by fluorescence in situ hybridization of 5q31. CONCLUSIONS: Fluorescence in situ hybridization of 5q31 detected the 5q deletion in 6% of cases without clear evidence of del(5q) by conventional banding cytogenetics. We suggest that fluorescence in situ hybridization of 5q31 should be performed in cases of a suspected '5q- syndrome' and/or if the cytogenetic study shows no metaphases or an aberrant karyotype with chromosome 5 involved (no 5q- chromosome).

We present a study on the algebraic degree of iterated permutations seen as multivariate polynomials. The main result shows that this degree depends on the algebraic degree of the inverse of the permutation which is iterated. This result is also extended to noninjective balanced vectorial functions where the relevant quantity is the minimal degree of the inverse of a permutation expanding the function. This property has consequences in symmetric cryptography since several attacks or distinguishers exploit a low algebraic degree, like higher order differential attacks, cube attacks, and cube testers, or algebraic attacks. Here, we present some applications of this improved bound to a higher degree variant of the block cipher <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">KN</i> , to the block cipher Rijndael-256 and to the inner permutations of the hash functions ECHO and JH.

Federated Learning, a new machine learning paradigm enhancing the use of edge devices, is receiving a lot of attention in the pervasive community to support the development of smart services. Nevertheless, this approach still needs to be adapted to the specificity of the pervasive domain. In particular, issues related to continual learning need to be addressed. In this paper, we present a distillation-based approach dealing with catastrophic forgetting in federated learning scenario. Specifically, Human Activity Recognition tasks are used as a demonstration domain.

Electricity production and distribution is facing two major changes. First, production is shifting from classical energy sources such as coal and nuclear power toward renewable resources such as solar and wind. Second, consumption in the low voltage grid is expected to grow significantly due to the expected introduction of electrical vehicles. The first step toward more efficient operational capabilities is to introduce an observability of the distribution system and allow for leveraging the flexibility of end connection points with manageable consumption, generation, and storage capabilities. Thanks to advanced measurement devices, management framework, and secure communication infrastructure developed in the FP7 SUNSEED project, the distribution system operator (DSO) now has full observability of the energy flows in the medium/low voltage grid. Furthermore, the prosumers are able to participate pro-actively and coordinate with the DSO and other stakeholders in the grid. The monitoring and management functionalities have strong requirements for communication latency, reliability, and security. This article presents novel solutions and analyses of these aspects for the SUNSEED scenario, where smart grid ICT solutions are provided through shared cellular LTE networks.

A new type of distinguishing property, named the zero-sum property has been recently presented by Aumasson and Meier. It has been applied to the inner permutation of the hash function KECCAK and it has led to a distinguishing property for the KECCAK-f permutation up to 16 rounds, out of 24 in total. Here, we additionally exploit some spectral properties of the KECCAK-f permutation and we improve the previously known upper bounds on the degree of the inverse permutation after a certain number of rounds. This result enables us to extend the zero-sum property to 18 rounds of the KECCAK-f permutation, which was the number of rounds in the previous version of KECCAK submitted to the SHA-3 competition.

O Complexo Metamorfico Bonfim um dos vdrios fragmentos de idade arqueana que constituem a crosta sialica da poro meridional do Craton do Sao

At CHES 2008, Vigilant proposed an efficient way of implementing a CRT-RSA resistant against Fault Analysis. In this paper, we investigate the fault-resistance of this scheme and we show that it is not immune to fault injection. Indeed, we highlight two weaknesses which can lead an attacker to recover the whole private key by using only one faulty signature. We also suggest some modifications with a negligible cost to improve the fault-resistance of Vigilant's scheme. Therefore the scheme including modifications remains suited to embedded device constraints.

Laser fault injections have been evolving rapidly with the advent of more precise, sophisticated and cost-efficient sources, optics and control circuits. In this paper, we show a methodology to improve the test coverage and to speed up analysis based on laser fault injections by only targeting standard cells of interest. We describe how to identify interesting spatial positions thanks to the use of some chemicals along with an automated Scanning Electron Microscope image acquisition, alignment and processing. Using the latter information, fault injections with a high success rate have been obtained against a hardware implemented AES module using a laser beam. With such tools and methodology, we show that attacks become much faster.

Abstract Questions: Were continued groundwater discharge and mowing regimes sufficient for vegetation preservation from 1944 to 1993? Which has a stronger effect on vegetation development; groundwater discharge or mowing? What is the role of surface water eutrophication as driver of vegetation change? Location: Het Hol, The Netherlands (ca. 92 ha, 52°13′N, 5°05′E). Methods: Hydrology was simulated for the late 1940s, early 1960s and 1987. Vegetation maps (1944, 1960, 1975 and 1993) were compared for biotope cover. Vegetation recordings in 1944 and 1987 were compared. Surface water quality was compared between 1950 and 1987. Which sites were mown was reconstructed from an interview. Effects of periodic mowing and groundwater discharge on vegetation development were tested for correlation. Results: Biotope diversity reduced significantly through decrease of semi‐aquatic and tall‐herb biotopes, and expansion of forest. The quagfen terrestrialization sere nearly disappeared from 1987 recordings, while the reed sere did well concerning abundance and species richness. Several typical (rich) fen species disappeared from recordings, while new species were mostly field margin species. Periodic mowing and discharge combined are correlated with increasing species numbers. The P‐concentration in surface water increased while N‐concentration decreased. Conclusions: Preservation of the reed sere was successful, whereas preservation of the quagfen sere was not. Periodic mowing and discharge stimulate species richness, discharge more so than periodic mowing. But slight eutrophication likely induced a shift from P‐limitation to N‐limitation, which stimulated the reed sere at the expense of the quagfen sere.

This experimental study addresses the problem of assessing the digital security of System on Chip (SoC) against electromagnetic (EM) hardware attacks through their packages. With large and complex circuits such as SoC, finding the right location and the right time to examine attacks such as side channel analysis and fault injection is a real challenge. In addition, setting up properly the parameters of these attacks is time consuming. Through an application on a commercial SoC, this article presents an approach which from a side channel analysis results, performs a fault injection attack. This approach shows firstly, the potential time saved to determine the injection time parameter of the fault attack and secondly, it enables to analyze the duality between the emission fields and the areas where errors occur. Thus, a security test of the SoC against EM field is presented in this study.

Haemoproteus (Haemosporida, Haemoproteidae) is the largest genus of avian haemosporidian parasites, some species of which cause lethal diseases in birds. Subgenera Parahaemoproteus and Haemoproteus are usually accepted in this genus; these parasites are transmitted by biting midges (Ceratopogonidae) and hippoboscid flies (Hippoboscidae), respectively. As of yet, species of Parahaemoproteus have not been reported to infect doves and pigeons (Columbiformes), parasites of these birds have not been reported to be transmitted by biting midges (Ceratopogonidae). Applying microscopy and PCR based methods, we identified mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) sequences of Haemoproteus sacharovi, a wide-spread parasite of doves and pigeons. Phylogenetic relationships of dove haemoproteids, which traditionally have been classified in the subgenus Haemoproteus, showed that H. sacharovi and H. turtur, common parasites of doves, branch in the clade with Parahaemoproteus species, indicating that these haemoproteids may belong to this subgenus and are likely transmitted by biting midges. This study provides barcodes for H. sacharovi, clarifies the taxonomic positions of H. sacharovi and H. turtur, and indicates directions for development of classification of avian haemoproteid species. Our analysis shows that the current subgeneric classification of avian haemoproteids is generally effective, but the position of some species may need to be revised.

OBJECTIVE(S): Tripartite motif-containing 22 (TRIM22) is an interferon-induced protein that inhibits HIV-1 transcription and replication in vitro. Two single nucleotide missense polymorphisms rs7935564A/G (SNP-1) and rs1063303C/G (SNP-2) characterize the coding sequence of human TRIM22 gene. We tested whether these variants affected the inhibitory effect of TRIM22 on HIV-1 replication and transcription and their potential association with HIV-1 disease. DESIGN: The allelic discrimination was determined in 182 HIV-1-negative and among HIV-1-positive individuals with advanced disease progression (advanced progressors; n = 57), normal progressors (n = 76), and long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs; n = 95). METHODS: Renilla luciferase activity was measured after infection of activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from an additional group of 61 blood donors with a recombinant HIV-1. HIV-1-long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven luciferase activity was tested in the presence of plasmid expressing TRIM22 variants in 293T cells. The SNP genotyping was determined by TaqMan assay. RESULTS: HIV-1 replication was more efficient in PBMCs from donors with SNP-1G and SNP-2G than from those with SNP-1A and SNP-2C alleles. Consistently, TRIM22-GG enhanced, whereas TRIM22-AC restricted basal HIV-1 LTR-driven transcription. In vivo, SNP-1G homozygotes and A/G heterozygotes were more frequent in advanced progressors than in LTNPs [odds ratio (OR) = 2.072, P = 0.005] or in normal progressors (OR = 1.809, P = 0.022); in contrast, SNP-2 was not associated with any state of HIV-1 disease progression. Although SNP-2 distribution was similar among the groups, TRIM22-GG haplotype was found more frequently in advanced progressors than in LTNPs (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: TRIM22 genetic diversity affects HIV-1 replication in vitro and it is a potentially novel determinant of HIV-1 disease severity.

Face to face interconnection is an important technology for the assembly of heterogeneously integrated systems, it permits the integration of technologies from disparate backgrounds and allows separate technology optimization prior to assembly. This paper reports work on the optimization of micro-insert technology, which allows the electrical connection between the two systems. Detailed electrical characterization of the technology has been benchmarked against acoustic microscopy and close correlations have been identified using a combination of these techniques. Process constraints identified in the course of this work have been identified and used in the optimization of the technology.

This paper was prepared for the 48th Annual Fall Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, to be held in Las Vegas, Nev., Sept. 30-Oct. 3, 1973. Permission to copy is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words. Illustrations may not be copied. The abstract should contain conspicuous acknowledgment of where and by whom the paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY or the SOCIETY OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERS JOURNAL is usually granted upon request to the Editor of the appropriate journal provided agreement to give proper credit is made. Discussion of this paper is invited. Three copies of any discussion should be sent to the Society of Petroleum Engineers office. Such discussion may be presented at the above meeting and, with the paper, may be considered for publication in one of the two SPE magazines. Abstract Conventional methods for threshold pressure determination in gas storage cap pressure determination in gas storage cap rock measure the pressure at which gas displaces the wetting phase only in the zone immediately adjacent to the input end of the core sample. Since cap rock is rarely lithologically homogeneous, the significance of threshold pressures so measured is uncertain, dependent largely upon the lithology lying adjacent to the input end of the sample. If an incompressible, non-wetting liquid is injected into the sample at a constant rate, sufficiently slow that the pressure resulting from frictional flow resistance is small relative to capillary displacement pressures, the injection pressure increases pressures, the injection pressure increases to a maximum as the non-wetting phase approaches high threshold pressure zones and then decreases as the threshold pressure is exceeded and fluid continuity to the nonwetting phase is established. Discrete threshold pressure events ranging from less than 100 to over 2,000 psi may be observed as the core is penetrated by the non-wetting phase and may be correlated with visible phase and may be correlated with visible lithologic zonation providing specific threshold pressure characteristics for each lithology. Analysis of the volume of the nonwetting phase injected together with the characteristics of the threshold pressure events themselves provide insight into the nature of the break-through of the injected liquid. Introduction Both the conventional method for determination of threshold pressure in gas storage cap rock and the more recently developed pressure leveling technique measure the pressure at which gas displaces the wetting phase (water) only in the zone immediately adjacent to the input end of the core sample, the threshold pressure being commonly read as the first displacement of water in the conventional technique or the equilibrium pressure of a small volume of injected gas in the pressure leveling technique. Since most gas storage cap rock is heterogeneous, the significance of threshold pressures measured by either of the prior techniques is uncertain, being a function of the sample preparation process which controls the lithology adjacent process which controls the lithology adjacent to the input end of the sample.